【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 真很有效的教育方法 很小的時(shí)候大家就學(xué)到了 延伸這個(gè)論點(diǎn)，我們覺得夏天比冬天熱 一定是因?yàn)槲覀冸x太陽比較近 我相信大多人都懂了 哦，大家都在搖頭 不過只有幾個(gè)人搖得很堅(jiān)定
　　other ones are kind of going like this. all right. itamp。39。s hotter in summer than in winter because the rays from the sun are spread out more, right, because of the tilt of the earth. and if you think the tilt is tilting us closer, no, it isnamp。39。t. the sun is 93 million miles away, and weamp。39。re tilting like this, right? it makes no odds. in fact, in the northern hemisphere, weamp。39。re further from the sun in summer, as it happens, but it makes no odds, the difference.
　　其他人只是這樣子搖而已，好吧 夏天比冬天熱是因?yàn)樘柕妮椛渚€ 傳播得比較多，地球傾斜的關(guān)系 如果你以為是朝太陽的方向傾斜，那就錯(cuò)了 太陽離地球1億5千萬公里，地球傾斜角度大略如此 傾斜不是差別所在，在北半球 夏天時(shí)我們離太陽更遠(yuǎn) 跟傾斜沒有關(guān)系
　　ok, now, the scribble of the diagram of the solar system. if you believe, as most of you probably do, that itamp。39。s hotter in summer than in winter because weamp。39。re closer to the sun, you must have drawn an ellipse. right? that would explain it, right? except, in your youamp。39。re nodding now, in your ellipse, have you thought, amp。quot。well, what happens during the night?amp。quot。
　　好，問題四是畫出太陽系的平面圖 如果大家相信，大多數(shù)可能都相信 夏天比冬天熱是因?yàn)榈厍螂x太陽較近 大家應(yīng)該都畫了橢圓形 對吧?這就能解釋了吧? 除非，你點(diǎn)頭了，你畫了個(gè)橢圓形 你有想過，「夜晚又是怎么回事」?
　　between australia and here, right, theyamp。39。ve got summer and weamp。39。ve got winter, and what does the earth kind of rush towards the sun at night, and then rush back again? i mean, itamp。39。s a very strange thing going on, and we hold these two models in our head, of whatamp。39。s right and what isnamp。39。t right, and we do that, as human beings, in all sorts of fields.
　　澳洲和美國這邊，澳洲是夏天 這邊是冬天，難道說 地球在晚上會(huì)沖向太陽 然后再?zèng)_回來?這實(shí)在很奇怪 我們腦中有兩種思考模式，對的和錯(cuò)的 身為人類，我們在很多領(lǐng)域都這樣思考
　　so, hereamp。39。s copernicusamp。39。 view of what the solar system looked like as a plan. thatamp。39。s pretty much what you should have on your piece of paper. right? and this is nasaamp。39。s view. theyamp。39。re stunningly similar. i hope you notice the coincidence here.
　　左邊是哥白尼畫的太陽系平面圖 跟你們紙上畫的差不多，對吧 右邊是nasa的版本，兩張圖非常相似 我希望大家注意其中的巧合 要是你知道人們有錯(cuò)誤觀念
　　what would you do if you knew that people had this misconception, right, in their heads, of elliptical orbits caused by our experiences as children? what sort of diagram would you show them of the solar system, to show that itamp。39。s not really like that? youamp。39。d show them something like this, wouldnamp。39。t you? itamp。39。s a plan, looking down from above. but, no, look what i found in the textbooks. thatamp。39。s what you show people, right?
　　你會(huì)怎么做 在他們腦中，楕圓形的軌道 是他們兒時(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)教的嗎? 你會(huì)給他們看什么樣的太陽系示意圖? 證明太陽系不是他們想的那樣 你會(huì)給他們看這種圖嗎? 這是俯瞰的平面圖 可是并非如此，瞧瞧我在教科書里找到的 你會(huì)給他們看這種圖對吧?
　　these are from textbooks, from websites, educational websites and almost anything you pick up is like that. and the reason itamp。39。s like that is because itamp。39。s dead boring to have a load of concentric circles, whereas thatamp。39。s much more exciting, to look at something at that angle, isnamp。39。t it? right?
　　出自教科書 出自教育網(wǎng)站 你找得到的幾乎都是這種圖 會(huì)以這種視角呈現(xiàn)是因?yàn)?只有一堆同心圓太死板無趣 從這種視角看太陽系比較新鮮刺激 不是嗎?
　　and by doing it at that angle, if youamp。39。ve got that misconception in your head, then that twodimensional representation of a threedimensional thing will be ellipses. so youamp。39。ve itam