【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 do is to introduce new tools and test them immediately, very quickly, and see if we can crush these populations or control them in some way. And my colleagues have demonstrated that if you just put two or three positions where mosquitoes can go pick up these lethal substances, we can crush these coloniesin just three months. Thatamp。39。s auto dissemination, as we call it.
　　這是我們的蚊子城市。這是全世界最大的蚊子養(yǎng)殖基地用于支持對(duì)瘧疾的研究。在這個(gè)基地里，我們養(yǎng)了一大批自給自足的瘧疾蚊子群體。當(dāng)然，它們是不攜帶任何疾病的這些系統(tǒng)使我們可以引進(jìn)新技術(shù)并立即投入試驗(yàn)非?？觳⒖纯次覀兪欠衲芟麥缥米臃N群或者設(shè)法控制它們我的同事也證明了只需在兩三個(gè)地方投放致命物質(zhì)讓蚊子去采集，我們就可以將蚊群在三個(gè)月內(nèi)消滅干凈。我們稱它為：自動(dòng)化播散。
　　But what if we could use the mosquitoesamp。39。sexual behavior to also control them? So, first of all I would like to tell you that actually mosquitoes mate in what we call swarms. Male mosquitoes usually congregate in clusters around the horizon, usually after sunset. The males go there for a dance, the females fly into that dance and select a male mosquito of their choice, usually the bestlooking male in their view.
　　但是我們是否可以利用蚊子的性行為來(lái)控制它們?首先，我想跟你們說(shuō)的是蚊子其實(shí)是聚眾交配的，公蚊子通常成群結(jié)隊(duì)的聚集在地表面，太陽(yáng)落山后公蚊子去那里跳舞母蚊子也過(guò)去跳舞，并挑選一個(gè)她們看上的公蚊子。通常是那個(gè)看起來(lái)最英俊的。
　　They clump together and fall down onto the floor. If you watch this, itamp。39。s beautiful. Itamp。39。sa fantastic phenomenon. This is where our mosquitocatching work gets really interesting. What we have seen, when we go swarm hunting in the villages, isthat these swarm locations tend to be at exactly the same location every day,every week, every month, year in, year out. They start at exactly the same time of the evening, and they are at exactly the same locations.
　　它們聚集在一起，然后落到地上你要看到這景象，你也會(huì)認(rèn)為很美。這真是一個(gè)太棒的現(xiàn)象了這就是我們捕蚊工作的好玩之處當(dāng)我們到村里的沼澤去捕蚊子的時(shí)候會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這些沼澤地總是固定不動(dòng)的每天，每周，每個(gè)月年復(fù)一年。它們每晚都在相同的時(shí)間開始交配，它們也去相同的地點(diǎn)。
　　What does this tell us? It means that if we can map all these locations across villages, we could actually crush these populations by just a single blow. Kind of, you know,bombspray them or nuke them out. And that is what we try to do with young menand women across the villages. We organize these crews, teach them how to identify the swarms, and spray them out. My colleagues and I believe we have a new window to get mosquitoes out of the valley.
　　這給我們有什么啟發(fā)呢?這就意味著，如果我們可以在村子里找到這些地點(diǎn)我們就能把這些蚊子一網(wǎng)打盡。就像，用炸彈覆蓋或者核武器一樣消滅它們那就是我們和青年男女在村子里嘗試做的事我們把這幫人組織起來(lái)，教他們?nèi)绾稳ケ嬲J(rèn)蚊群并噴灑藥物殺死它們。我和我的同事相信我們有新的機(jī)會(huì)將蚊子趕出村子。
　　But perhaps the fact that mosquitoes eat blood, human blood, is the reason they are the most dangerous animal on think about it this way mosquitoes actually smell you. And they have developed incredible sensory organs. They can smell from as far sometimes as100 meters away. And when they get closer, they can even tell the difference between two family members.
　　但是事實(shí)是，這些蚊子吸血，吸人類的血這就是為什么他們是世上最危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物但是，請(qǐng)這樣想蚊子實(shí)際上是聞到了你的氣味而它們進(jìn)化出了不可思議的感覺(jué)器官它們可以聞到100米開外的氣味它們離你很近的時(shí)候連一家的兩個(gè)不同成員都能區(qū)分出來(lái)。
　　They know who you are based on what you produce from your breath, skin, sweat and body odor. What we have done at Ifakara is to identify what it is in your skin, your body, your sweat or your breath that these mosquitoes like. Once we identified these substances, we created aconcoction, kind of a mixture, a blend of synthetic substances that are reminiscent of what you