20xxted英語演講23致死的癌癥是完全可以治愈的(編輯修改稿)
2025-01-16 23:10 本頁面
【文章內(nèi)容簡介】 ir,which is 100 microns, to a thousand times smaller, which is 100 nanometers. And that has profound implications.
這聽起來有點(diǎn)像科幻小說。但是實(shí)際上，運(yùn)用納米技術(shù)就能實(shí)現(xiàn)。納米技術(shù)可以讓我們縮小探測器組成部分的尺寸，從到發(fā)絲的寬度的大小，也就是100微米 到再小1000倍的尺度。也就是100納米。這就極大的擴(kuò)展了應(yīng)用范圍。
It turns out that materials actually change their properties at the nanoscale. You take a mon material like gold, and you grind it into dust, into gold nanoparticles, and it changes from looking gold to looking red. If you take a more exotic material like cadmium selenide forms a big, black crystal if you make nanocrystals out of this material and you put it in a liquid, and you shine light on it, they glow.
實(shí)際上在納米級(jí)別尺寸的時(shí)候，材料的性質(zhì)會(huì)發(fā)生改變。你拿一個(gè)常見的金屬比如金，把它研磨成灰，研磨成納米顆粒，它就會(huì)從金色外表變成紅色。如果你拿一個(gè)比較稀有的材料比如硒化鎘。 會(huì)形成一塊大的黑色晶體。 如果你用這種材料做成納米結(jié)晶，然后把它放入液體中，用光照一下，它們就會(huì)發(fā)光。
And they glow blue, green, yellow, orange, red, depending only on their size. Itamp。39。s wild! Can you imagine an object like that in the macro world? It would be like all the denim jeans in your closet are all made of cotton, but they are different colors depending only on their size.
它們可以發(fā)出藍(lán)綠黃橙紅不同的光，僅僅根據(jù)尺寸的不同而變化。這太瘋狂了! 你可以想象宏觀世界有這種材料么?這就像你衣櫥里所有的棉質(zhì)牛仔褲 依據(jù)尺寸不同，顏色也會(huì)不一樣。
So as a physician, whatamp。39。s just as interesting to me is that itamp。39。s not just the color of materials that changes at the nanoscale。 the way they travel in your body also changes. And this is the kind of observation that weamp。39。re going to use to make a better cancer detector.
作為一位醫(yī)生，讓我感興趣的不僅僅是材料的顏色 在納米尺寸會(huì)改變，它們在人體內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)的方式也將改變。這也是一種我們即將使用的觀察方式，用來制造更好的癌癥檢測裝置。
So let me show you what I mean. This is a blood vessel in the body. Surrounding the blood vessel is a amp。39。re going to inject nanoparticles into the blood vessel and watch how they travel from the bloodstream into the tumor. Now it turns out that the blood vessels of many tumors are leaky, and so nanoparticles can leak out from the bloodstream into the tumor. Whether they leak out depends on their size.
下面我來解釋一下。這是一條人體的血管。包裹著血管的就是腫瘤。我們將要把納米顆粒注射進(jìn)血管，并觀察它們?nèi)绾坞S著血流進(jìn)入腫瘤。事實(shí)證明有許多腫瘤的血管是有漏洞的，所以納米顆粒 可以從血流滲漏到腫瘤中。它們是否能滲透出去取決于它們的尺寸。
So in this image,the smaller, hundrednanometer, blue nanoparticles are leaking out, and the larger, 500nanometer, red nanoparticles are stuck in the bloodstream. So that means as an engineer, depending on how big or small I make a material, I can change where it goes in your body.
在這張圖中，較小的百納米尺寸的 藍(lán)色納米顆粒正在滲漏至血管外，大一點(diǎn)的500納米的紅色顆粒 被困在了血管中。所以這對于工程師來說，取決于我所制造的材料的大小，我可以
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