20xxted英語(yǔ)演講幾歲學(xué)英語(yǔ)效果最好(編輯修改稿)
2025-01-16 23:10 本頁(yè)面
【文章內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)介】 king statistics as they listen to us talk theyamp。39。re taking statistics. So listen to two mothers speaking motherese the universal language we use when we talk to kids first in English and then in Japanese.
問(wèn)題在于，在這個(gè)2個(gè)月的關(guān)鍵期發(fā)生了什么?在聲音開發(fā)的這關(guān)鍵期到底發(fā)生什么了? 主要是兩件事。第一嬰兒不斷地專心聽(tīng)我們說(shuō)話，并且做統(tǒng)計(jì)他們統(tǒng)計(jì)這些聲音。聽(tīng)聽(tīng)2位母親說(shuō)的親情用語(yǔ)，這是我們對(duì)孩子說(shuō)的通用語(yǔ)言媽媽語(yǔ)，首先是英語(yǔ)，然后是日語(yǔ)。
(Video) English Mother: Ah, I love your big blue eyes so pretty and nice.
(視頻)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的媽媽：啊，我多愛(ài)你大大的藍(lán)眼睛，這么漂亮，這么好看。
Japanese Mother: [Japanese]
說(shuō)日語(yǔ)的媽媽：[日語(yǔ)]
Patricia Kuhl: During the production of speech, when babies listen, what theyamp。39。re doing is taking statistics on the language that they hear. And those distributions grow. And what weamp。39。ve learned is that babies are sensitive to the statistics, and the statistics of Japanese and English are very, very different. English has a lot of Rs and Ls. The distribution shows.
帕特里夏。庫(kù)爾：在語(yǔ)言生成的期間，當(dāng)嬰兒聆聽(tīng)時(shí)，他們同時(shí)也在統(tǒng)計(jì)他們聽(tīng)到的語(yǔ)言。區(qū)分這些聲音的能力在變強(qiáng)。我們了解到的是嬰兒對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)很敏感，日語(yǔ)和英語(yǔ)的聲音統(tǒng)計(jì)是非常，非常不同的。
And the distribution of Japanese is totally different, where we see a group of intermediate sounds, which is known as the Japanese amp。quot。R.amp。quot。 So babies absorb the statistics of the language and it changes their brains。 it changes them from the citizens of the world to the culturebound listeners that we are. But we as adults are no longer absorbing those statistics. Weamp。39。re governed by the representations in memory that were formed early in development.
英語(yǔ)有很多R和L音如分布圖所示，日語(yǔ)的分布圖則是完全不同的。我們?cè)谶@兒看到一組中間音，它們是日語(yǔ)的R音。嬰兒吸收語(yǔ)言的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，這改變了他們的大腦。這就是把他們從世界公民，變成像我們一樣受文化局限的聽(tīng)眾。但我們成年人不再吸收這些統(tǒng)計(jì)。我們受我們?cè)缙谛纬傻?記憶性語(yǔ)言的影響。
So what weamp。39。re seeing here is changing our models of what the critical period is about. Weamp。39。re arguing from a mathematical standpoint that the learning of language material may slow down when our distributions stabilize. Itamp。39。s raising lots of questions about bilingual people. Bilinguals must keep two sets of statistics in mind at once and flip between them, one after the other, depending on who theyamp。39。re speaking to.
所以我們?cè)谶@兒看到的關(guān)鍵期是如何改變我們的語(yǔ)言模式。我們從數(shù)學(xué)角度爭(zhēng)論學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言材料的能力會(huì)放慢下來(lái)，當(dāng)我們語(yǔ)言分布的能力趨于穩(wěn)定時(shí)， 這也引出很多關(guān)于雙語(yǔ)者的問(wèn)題。雙語(yǔ)者在腦中同時(shí)必須記住2組統(tǒng)計(jì)，并能任意切換，決定于他們與誰(shuí)交流。
So we asked ourselves, can the babies take statistics on a brand new language? And we tested this by exposing American babies whoamp。39。d never heard a second language to Mandarin for the first time during the critical period. We knew that, when monolinguals were tested in Taipei and Seattle on the Mandarin sounds, they showed the same pattern.
那么我們自問(wèn)，嬰兒能不
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