【正文】 Nettie is a lighthouse, Sofia is the quant that takes her to bright future. Sofia, the wife of Albert’s son, is the first woman whose own life is to fight her father, brother, uncle and husband with rebellious spirit in The Color Purple. She is beautiful, smart and strong, but the most important thing is that she is one of some women at that time who dare to say no to the dominant men. She is against the socalled social standards and often says no to them bravely. Her husband wants to enslave her as other men, but to his surprise Sofia is not a woman who keeps silent and accepts the cruel and unfair judgment. Instead, what she often does is quarreling and even fighting against her husband. She is successful in the black family, but when faced to the white, she is beaten and put into prison for twelve years just because she is against the white mayor’s wife. Her strong spirit makes her leave her selfrighteous husband and she dare to challenge the social racism in public. In Celie’s opinion, she has never imagined that there is a woman named Sofia with ironwill and determination, who performs as a hero and model for her. In the novel, many times Sofia and Celie do quilt works like sisters, which inspires Celie to adopt some of Sofia’s fighting spirit for herself. When Celie first meets Sofia, she finds that Sofia is gentle, pregnant and unwed. To Celie, Sofia’s headstrong and contradictory independence is an amazing fact that can not be reckoned with. From Sofia, Celie has learned that a marriage stripped of sexist definitions of work brings happiness not only to women, but also to men. Sofia teaches Celie the spirit to fight against the men, the white and the customs. To Celie, she learns that leaving the men alone is also a way to keep independent. Shug Shug acts as a boat in Celie’s road. She evokes Celie’s consciousness to live as a normal woman. A sultry blues singer who first appears as Albert39。s liberation is not narrow. She recognized that a black woman was not only the black, but also a woman, a human being. Women39。 本文從心理、社會(huì)、文化、信仰等方面來分析黑人女性如何在 她們地位受壓迫的時(shí)代突破雙重枷鎖。t know how to fight. All I know how to do is stay alive.” (Alice Walker 1982) 17 Celie even teaches man to beat the other woman without realizing that she is also a victim. This shows that the maleoriented perspective is deeply rooted in the black munity. Meanwhile, it can be seen that men maintain their supremacy and when their male authority is challenged and threatened, the way they use to solve problems is only violence. In the family of patriarchal domination, obedience is woman’s virtue. As a weak woman, Celie has grown to be accustomed to the slave status in silence so that she does not dare to go against her husband. Writing letters bees a way to achieve selfawareness as a black woman. Celie lives on the earth just for submissive and enslaved as a cooker, washer, worker, housekeeper and sexual tool. She is poisoned by patriarchal domination so that she thinks being submissive is natural. College of Foreign Languages, Hebei United University 6 Chapter 3 Celie’s Selfconsciousness Influence of African Culture Alice Walker pares the African, American with the AmericanAfrican to appeal black people bringing honor of their national culture and abandoning the traditional vulgar customs. Through The Color Purple, Alice Walker develops the female consciousness, stressing that women and men have equal power. This proves the symbols and significance of black in the white world. Walker thinks that black is the symbol of beauty and nobleness. She says that the genuine black is the blackest person, while the person who is attached to white people and humiliates the patriot is the black person who has contracted albinism. The Color Purple fully demonstrates the ideology of African centralism and its positive influence in black women of seeking liberation and equality of Black Nationalism. African Centralism African centralism, also known as Afrocentrism or Afrocentricity, is a cultural ideology, mostly limited to the United States and is dedicated to the history of black people. It is a response to global Eurocentric racist attitudes about African people and their historical contributions, and revisits their history with an African cultural and ideological focus. African centralism is centered on the belief that one should lives in harmony with nature, and there is an oneness between human and nature. By assimilating the positive elements of African culture, black women have reestablished their identities, enhanced their selfconsciousness and raised race consciousness, all of which are lost in American society. In the novel, the African tradition is available through Nettie’s letters from Africa. Her letters are largely ethnographic reading of African culture. They broaden our views by describing customs of the Olinka that parallel some found in South Africa. When the first time Nettie sees black Africans, she writes: “They are the blackest people I have ever seen… they are so black, Celie, they shine… . I felt like I was seen black for the first time… .. Because the black is so black, the eye is simply dazzled, and then there is the shining that seems to e, really, from moonlight, it is so luminous, but their skin glows in the sun.” (Alice Walker 1982) 147 Chapter 3 Celie’s Selfconsciousness 7 Through Nettie’s letters, women’s relationship with men, which shows universal oppression, is described. In Olinka, women and their husbands will do anything for each other, sharing both gossip and everyday chores. African culture has the effect in the mind of black women. Influence of African Centralism on Celie African centralism is a gleam of light in black women’s dark life. Because of the light, black women begin their pursuing of believes, the shape of