【正文】 gina pectoris C. Notes Dose individualization: starting from small dose Withdraw gradually and slowly: symptom rebound Combination with nitroglycerin,2. Antianginal drugs,第十九頁，共三十一頁。 Typical drugs and their properties Antihypertensive drugs Classification。Ca2+ antagonists,第三十一頁，共三十一頁。,Sammary,Cardiovascular pharmacology,第二十七頁，共三十一頁。,2.1 Other nitrates Isosorbide dinitrate (硝酸(xiāo suān)異山梨酯) Isosorbide5mononirate (5硝酸異山梨酯) Compared with nitroglycerin: Similar but weaker effect Acting slowly but lasting longer Larger individual variation and more adverse effects,2. Antianginal drugs,第十六頁，共三十一頁。i)性心絞痛) Stable angina (穩(wěn)定性心絞痛) Initial onset angina (初發(fā)型心絞痛) Accelerated angina (惡化性心絞痛) Spontaneous angina (自發(fā)性心絞痛) Angina decubitus (臥位型心絞痛) Variant or vasospastic angina (變異性[痙攣性]心絞痛) Acute coronary insufficiency (急性冠脈功能不全) Postinfarction angina (梗死后心絞痛) Mixed angina (混合性心絞痛) Unstable angina (不穩(wěn)定性心絞痛),1. OVERVIEW,第六頁，共三十一頁。,Myocardial oxygen demand is chiefly determined by: Contractility Heart rate Wall tension Preload (venous return ) Afterload (arteriolar resistance),1. OVERVIEW,preload,afterload,第七頁，共三十一頁。,第十七頁，共三十一頁。,Overview of Cardiovascular Diseases,Common Cardiac Diseases Abnormal contractility：Heart failures Abnormal rhythms：Arrhythmias Abnormal blood supply：Ischemic heart diseases Myocardial disorders Common vascular diseases Abnormal systematic resistance：Hypertension Dysfunction of coronary vessels：Coronary vascular diseases Dysfunction of cerebral vessels：Cerebral ischemia, hem