【正文】 es in the analysis of the rhetorical structure of a genre. According to Swales, move is “a discoursal or rhetorical unit that performs a coherent municative function in a written or spoken discourse” (Swales 20xx: 228). Step is the substructure of move. One move may be 9 realized by several steps. As the basic element of a text, move can be used to describe the generic structure of a genre, which is identified in terms of rhetorical function, not in terms of formal unit (Bhatia 1993。 關鍵詞： 元旦社論、 共變關系、體裁結構、社會環(huán)境 1. Introduction Discourse is the result of language when it is used in munication, which is confined by social conventions and it also can reflect them. It is a tangible form of munication act that is semantically and pragmatically coherent, and can be rendered in either written form or spoken form and is used to achieve munication goal. As one type of discourse, the New Year’s Editorial in the People’s Daily is a typical study object to study the relationship between language and social changes. The New Year’s Editorial which is published by the main stream media on the country’s most important festival epitomizes not only the state line, principles and policies of the party and the country, but also the outlook of the party and country on various aspects of politics, economy and culture in the new year. As one type of news ment, the New Year’s Editorial reflects the social environment where it happens, and has covariant relations with it. Since the foundation of China, the People’s Daily has issued the 65 New Year’s Editorials (194920xx). There are many previous researches on the New Year’s Editorial. However, most of them focus on macro study of social relations。 本文以《人民日報》的元旦社論為研究對象， 以系統(tǒng)功能語言學的思想為觀照， 運用 定性分析與 定量分析 方法，對建國以來 《人民日報》 65 篇（ 1949— 20xx） 元旦社論 進行 歷時研究 。 move 3 consists of unit 4 to unit 8。 畢 業(yè) 論 文 題 目： 話語與社會的變遷 — 基于《人民日報》 元旦社論（ 194920xx）的歷時研究 Discourse and Social Change — A Diachronic Study of the New Year’s Editorials (194920xx) in the People’s Daily Xing Jianping A Thesis Submitted in Conformity with the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts Supervised by Ji Weining Foreign Languages School of Qingdao Agricultural University June 6, 20xx Contents 1. Introduction……………………………………………… .....……… .… .… 2 2. Theoretical Background………………………………………………… ...3 3. Diachronic Study of High Frequency Key Words …………… ...…… ......3 4. Diachronic Study of Titles……………………… ..…………………… ......6 5. Diachronic Study of Generic Structure………… ..……………… ..… ..… .8 The Identification of Generic Units—Move and Step………… ....…… ..9 Changes of Generic Structure over the Five Periods.......… .……… ......10 6. Conclusion…………………………………… ...……………… ....…… .… 13 References ……………………………………………… ..……… .…………1 4 Acknowledgements………………………………………………… … ...… ..16 Appendix…………………………………………………………………… ..17 1 Discourse and Social Change — A Diachronic Study of the New Year’s Editorials (194920xx) in the People’s Daily Xing Jianping Class 2, 20xx, Foreign Languages School, Qingdao Agricultural University Abstract: There is a dialectical relationship between language and society. Language changes with changes of society, in converse, also casts effects on social changes. Since 1949, Chinese society has experienced several major social changes. Whether these social changes will affect language use or not has been one of the major concerns of linguistic field. This paper chooses the New Year’s Editorials of the People’s Daily as study object for the purpose to explore the relations between discourse and social change. Taking systemic functional linguistics theory as theoretical basis and the bination of qualitative and quantitative analysis as research method, this study investigates the diachronic changes of the New Year’s Editorials over 65 years (194920xx). This investigation mainly precedes through three aspects, namely, analysis of the high frequency key words, title, and generic structure. The analysis reveals that the New Year’s Editorial, as a type of discourse, displays evident diachronic changes which have a close relationship with the changes of social and cultural context, showing covariant characteristics. Keywords: The New Year’s Editorial。 move 2 contains unit 2 and unit 3。研究主要從語篇的高頻關鍵詞、標題、體裁結構三個方面對元旦社論進行歷時的語言學層面的文本分析， 目的在于 揭示話語 和社會環(huán)境的關系 。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)元旦社 論這一語篇類型的語言學特征呈現(xiàn)出明顯的歷時變化，這些語言學特征的變化與社會環(huán)境的變化具有密切的關系，呈現(xiàn)出共變的特征。 Swales 20xx). Another theory to analyze generic structure is Hasan’s generic structure potential (GSP). Hasan proposed generic structure potential in 1978. GSP refers to the potential of the textual structure of a genre. She (1985) claims that a genre is characterized by array of obligatory elements as well as optional elements with which it is associated. Hasan (1985) thinks that the generic structure potential of a genre is a highly condensed abstract model concluded from many individual texts, which describes all the possible textual structures of a genre type. She believes this potential covers obligatory elements and optional elements. Obligatory elements determine the genre type to which a text belongs, while optional elements result in the changes of a genre. Hasan argues that the generic structure of a genre should be established in a perspective of semantics or function, which is in accordance with ESP schools understanding of generic structure through move analysis. The Identification of Generic UnitsMove and Step This study adopts the approaches based on the generic structure analysis and Hasan’s generic structure potential (GSP) to explore the generic structure of the New Year’s Editorials. Af