【正文】
1 摘 要 根據(jù)南水北調(diào)引黃濟衛(wèi)規(guī)劃 ,本 閘建成后出閘水流將直接進入天然沉沙池,并可抬高池水位,增加庫容延長壽命。第三步再對各組成結構一一予以結構計算以驗證各承載部件的強度、 穩(wěn)定性及剛度是否滿足設計要求,對各種結構進行結構計算之前,都要慎重確定出其荷載及可能的組合情況。 ( 4)閘地板高程:根據(jù)南水北調(diào)規(guī)劃,定為 ,與上下游渠底齊平。閘室段:齒墻實心底板,定高程 米,與上下游渠 底平齊。 ⑵ 水流條件 閘址的位置應使進閘和出閘水流比較均勻和平順,閘前和閘后應盡量避開起上、下有可能產(chǎn)生有害的沖刷和泥沙淤積的地方。閘墩通常采用實體式,其外形輪廓設計應能滿足過閘水流平順, 側向收縮小,過流能力大的要求。 水閘的水力 計算 確定閘孔凈寬 的原則 閘孔總凈寬應根據(jù)泄流特點下游河床地質(zhì)條件和安全泄流的要求結合閘孔孔徑和孔數(shù)選用,經(jīng)經(jīng)濟技術比較后確定。因此,底流式消能要求修筑的消能池或其他型式的消能方式, 應在可能發(fā)生的工作情況下,都能滿足水躍共軛水深的要求。這種銜接方式由于高速流的主流在底部,故稱為底流式消能。 由于水躍共軛水深與流量的關系只決定于水頭及堰型和尺寸,而下游水深和流量的關系決定于下游渠道的水力特性,兩者并無固定關系。sh( m) ( A=(b+mh)h 221X b h m?? ? R=A/x C=(1/n)R1/6 Q AC Ri? 0 .5 8 1 17 27 61 38 50 3 表 中孔單開時計算表 e e/H ? ch ? Q q ch 39。 消力池底板厚度的確定 水閘泄水時池內(nèi)水流強烈紊動,護坦承受水流沖擊力,脈動壓力和底部揚壓力等作用,因此要求護坦應有足夠的強度,整 體性和穩(wěn)定性。22 ????????? ????? 。 按抗沖要求 Hqkt ?? 1 ( 315) 式中: 1k ——消力池底板計算系數(shù),可采用 ~,本設計取 ; H? ——閘孔泄水時的上、下游水位差, m; q ——消力池進口處的單寬流量。s △ Z d 1,463 1 7 6 全開 1 0 其中: ehc ??? qbQ?由RiAC得出流量;再查曲線 ht~ Q 得出 表 中孔單開全開時 hc 試算表 hc 2 3( 2)( 1 8 1)c c ch h q gh? ? ? 39。所以應通過試算,取相當于 ?hc ?hs 為最大值的流量為池深的設計流量,實踐證明,池深的設計流量并不一定是水閘所通過的最大流量。 3) 挑流式消能 :利用下瀉水流所夾帶的巨大動能,因勢利導將水流挑射至遠離建筑物的下游,使下落水舌對河床的沖刷不會危及建筑物的安全。 ( 4)多孔水閘常因閘門啟的開啟不當,形成折沖水流,沖毀消能防沖設施和下游渠道。 由 Q設 ,求 0B 公式:23001 2 HgmBS??? (31) 式中:1?——側收縮系數(shù)。 ( 3) 閘門 其結構的選型布置應根據(jù)其受力情況控制運用要求、制作、運輸、安裝維修條件等,結合閘室結構布置合理選定。 選擇閘址還應考慮盡可能少占土地及拆遷房屋,盡可能利用周圍已有的公路、航運、動力、通信等 公用設施。閘墩與底板整澆,和底板等長平齊,頂高程 93 米,中墩厚 米,邊 敦厚 米,它不直接擋土,利用岸墻擋土,交通橋采用板式,交通橋底高程 米,頂高程 102 米,由柱子支承,柱子座落在閘墩上。 工程地質(zhì) 本工程閘址范圍內(nèi)先后鉆孔 15 個,總進尺 337m,鉆孔深度在閘底基礎以下 15~20m,共取原狀土 20 組,散狀土 139 個,閘基座落在輕粉質(zhì)沙壤土上(第二層厚 1 米),在閘底板以下約一米處有一層 ~ 2m的粉質(zhì)粘土夾層(第三層)各層物理力學指標如 河北工程大學畢業(yè)設計(論文) 5 下表:(底板上下附近土層、全部土層分布見地質(zhì)剖面圖)。s responding to when the ingredient, reach optimum location of sluice, to advanced and to demand rationally on economy on reaching a technology. The hydraulic putation has been that the sluice designs the most fundamental middle job working , has passed in and out of a pattern and had designed rate of flow by the fact that he is based on a sluice, may ascertain general brake hole clear width. 河北工程大學畢業(yè)設計(論文) 1 And ascertain out the proper hole number, the stream ability and the dimension canceling out each other energy equipment are needing a sluice gate in leaking time different open , the brake hydraulic putation is deciding the sluice scale in short ,to a great extent under responding to according to the condition designing water level. Irrigation works is calculated (defending against design oozing) , should ascertain out sluice lower levels building reasonableness underground outline and economy dimension by the fact that relevant to brake base peration secretly schemes against, checking calculation brake room stability. The maximal water level transfusion is calculated ought to have adopted lower reaches is bad , proportion law designs out whose first step underground outline and dimension first according to the straight line. After tier of building design tends to finalization of design high and low brake room, use resistance modulus to follow parallel precise secretly scheme against again. The sluice structure calculates the middle designing a job mainly all together in brake room. The structure needing to ascertain the brake room for this purpose , first is posed of , the scheme uses a dimension to require that the experience data first step designs out their main part later in the light of with arrangement. Third steps are posed of structure again to every giving structure if intensity, stability and stiffness secretly scheming against to verify every bearing the weight of a ponent satisfy design demand one by one, are more prudent than ascertaining out whose load and possible bination condition before the structure being in progress to various structure secretly schemes against. Keywords: Brake location chooses , the hydraulic putation ,Irrigation works calculation, The sluice structure calculation 河北工程大學畢業(yè)設計(論文) 2 目 錄 摘要 .................................................................................................................................1 ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................2 第一章 總論 ..................................................................................................................4 基本資料 ..............................................................................................................4 概述 ...........................................................................................................4 工程規(guī)模與主要設計指標 ............................................................................4 工程地質(zhì) ....................................................................................................4 設計數(shù)據(jù) ....................................................................................................8 擬建閘址上下游渠道基本資料 .....................................................................8 閘址交通條件及要求 ...................................................................................8 工程簡介 ..........................................................................................................9 第二章 樞紐布置 ......................................................................................................... 11 概論 .........................................