【正文】 完成這種功能的裝置就是超聲波傳感器，習(xí)慣上稱為超聲波換能器或超聲波探頭。奔馳汽車公司對各類交通事故的研究表明：若駕駛員能夠提早1S 意識到有事故危險(xiǎn)并采取相應(yīng)的正確措施，則絕大多數(shù)的交通事故都可以避免。因此，設(shè)計(jì)好的超聲波測距儀就顯得非常重要了。此功能是使用專家的意見。有幾層語義Web的建議源自伯納斯滯后階段。在近年來，本體論上的研究正成為一個新的熱點(diǎn)話題在不同的活動，如人工智能，知識管理，語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)，電子商務(wù)和幾個其他應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。Every crossing has the fixed duty period,charges centrefor being able to change it’s period and in depending on a road when being crowded。但是，智能交通控制的應(yīng)用還存在局限性。在世界范圍內(nèi)，一個以微電子技術(shù)，計(jì)算機(jī)和通信技術(shù)為先導(dǎo)的，一信息技術(shù)和信息產(chǎn)業(yè)為中心的信息革命方興未艾。結(jié)果表明，在擁擠的交通條件下，聚類控制器性能優(yōu)于其它所有測試的非自適應(yīng)控制器，我們也測試?yán)碚撋系钠骄却龝r間，用以選擇車輛通過市區(qū)的道路，并表明，道路使用者采用合作學(xué)習(xí)的方法可避免交通瓶頸。全面知識建模領(lǐng)域的一個最合適的方法是使用本體概念。在第6節(jié)，智能系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)作被完整描述，最后在第7節(jié)對所提出的方法進(jìn)行評估，對結(jié)論進(jìn)行闡述。因此，平日的隸屬度比假期多。在部分實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果我們驗(yàn)證了這一過程。這個系統(tǒng)是一種可向司機(jī)預(yù)先發(fā)出視聽語音信號的探測裝置。本文介紹的超聲測距系統(tǒng)共有2只超聲波換能器(俗稱探頭),分別布置在汽車的后左、后右2個位置上。利用超聲波測距的工作，就可以根據(jù)測量發(fā)射波與反射波之間的時間間隔，從而達(dá)到測量距離的作用。超聲波在空氣中的傳播速度為340m/s，根據(jù)計(jì)時器記錄的時間t，就可以計(jì)算出發(fā)射點(diǎn)距離障礙物的距離(s)，即：s=340t/2中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）譯文超聲波測距系統(tǒng)的電路設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)是利用單片機(jī)控制超聲波的發(fā)射和超聲波自發(fā)射至接受往返時間的計(jì)時，單片機(jī)選用C51，經(jīng)濟(jì)易用，且片內(nèi)有4K的ROM，便于編程。MOV 31H,A。可見基于單片機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)的超聲波測距系統(tǒng)具有硬件結(jié)構(gòu)簡單、工作可靠、測量誤差小等特點(diǎn)。left Ranging entrance circuit interrupt service rountineAjmp Return The calculation of ultrasonic propagation timeWhen you start firing at the same time start the singlechip circuitry within the timer T0, the use of timer counting function records the time and the launch of ultrasonic reflected wave received time when you receive the ultrasonic reflected wave, the receiver circuit outputs a negative jump in the end of INT0 or INT1 interrupt request generates a signal, singlechip microputer in response to external interrupt request, the implementation of the external interrupt service subroutine, read the time difference, calculating the of its source is as follows: RECEIVE0: PUSH PSW PUSH ACC CLR EX0。 pin to 0, ranging from right to interrupt service rountine circuitjnb , left。中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）譯文超聲波測距系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì)軟件分為倆部分，主程序和中斷服務(wù)程序。當(dāng)收到超聲波反射波時，接受電路輸出端產(chǎn)生一個負(fù)跳變，在INT0或INT1端產(chǎn)生一個中斷請求信號，單片機(jī)響應(yīng)外部中斷請求，執(zhí)行外部中斷服務(wù)子程序，讀取時間差，計(jì)算距離。進(jìn)一步說，從脈沖起始點(diǎn)到剛好超過界限之間的時間段隨著脈沖的強(qiáng)度而改變。由于超聲波指向性強(qiáng)，能量消耗緩慢，在介質(zhì)中傳播距離遠(yuǎn)，因而超聲波可以用于距離的測量。目前市場上還出現(xiàn)了具有語音報(bào)警功能的產(chǎn)品。從傳統(tǒng)上說，汽車的安全可以分為兩個主要研究方向:一是主動式安全技術(shù)，即防止事故的發(fā)生，該種方式是目前汽車安全研究的最終目的。在這個過程中進(jìn)行了兩項(xiàng)活動，包括檢查的要求和能力的問題，并在目標(biāo)應(yīng)用環(huán)境測試本體。日期和時間也是在交通專家的知識的基礎(chǔ)上以模糊變量形式預(yù)先定義的。第2節(jié)中，我們將簡要地解釋了在這項(xiàng)工作中運(yùn)用的技術(shù)包括semanTIC網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)，智能代理技術(shù)和交通的回地面光控制方法。把本系統(tǒng)的性能與其他類似的系統(tǒng)性能進(jìn)行比較。在我們的方法中，聚類算法與道路使用者的價值函數(shù)是用來確定每個交通燈的最優(yōu)決策的，這項(xiàng)決定是基于所有道路使用者站在交通路口累積投票，通過估計(jì)每輛車的好處(或收益)來確定綠燈時間增益值與總時間是有差異的，它希望在它往返的時候等待，如果燈是紅色，或者燈是綠色。因此，一個好的交通燈控制系統(tǒng)，將給道路擁擠，違章控制等方面給予技術(shù)革新。由于低效率的交通控制，汽車在城市交通中都經(jīng)歷過長時間的行進(jìn)。專家對本體論進(jìn)行手動的開發(fā)和評估。這種新的辦法適用于智能代理使用知識決策模糊。這些規(guī)則的模糊變量是天氣條件，時間，每天平均車輛擁堵情況。由于德爾菲專家的意見，約有84％的淘汰型規(guī)則和優(yōu)化周期時間的87％被接受。智能交通系統(tǒng)ITS是目前世界上交通運(yùn)輸科學(xué)技術(shù)的前沿技術(shù)，它在充分發(fā)揮現(xiàn)有基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的潛力，提高運(yùn)輸效率，保障交通安全，緩解交通賭塞，改善城市環(huán)境等方面的卓越效能，已得到各國政府的廣泛關(guān)注。其較早的產(chǎn)品是用蜂鳴器報(bào)警，蜂鳴聲越急，表示車輛離障礙物越近。首先測出超聲波從發(fā)射到遇到障礙物返回所經(jīng)歷的時間，再乘以超聲波的速度就得到二倍的聲源與障礙物之間的距離。測量脈沖到達(dá)時間的傳統(tǒng)方法是以擁有固定參數(shù)的接收信號開端為基礎(chǔ)的。部分源程序如下： receive1：push pswpush accclr ex1；關(guān)中斷源1jnb ，right。測量過零時間與回波振幅。nop。calculate the tome difference MOV 31H, A。中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）譯文參考文獻(xiàn)，.，KhuriYakub， Kino，.，“High Frequency Acoustic Wave Measurement in Air”，in Proceedings of IEEE 1983 Ultrasonic Symposium，October 312 November，1983，Atlanta，GA， Abreu，.，Ceres, Freire,T.,“Ultrasonic Ranging: Envelope Analysis Gives Improved Accuracy”,Sensor Review, ,1992,， M., Anaya, and Fritsch C.,‖Digital Signal Processing Techniques for High Accuracy Ultrasonic Range Measurement:,IEEE Transactions: Instrumentation and , August 1991, C., Cicco, ., Mortem, B., Prudenziati, M., and Taron, A., ―A Temperature Compensated Ultrasonic Sensor Operating in Air for Distance and Proxinmity Measurement‖, IEEE Trasaction on Industry Electronics, Vol, IE29 ,1982, , ., Ceres, R., Calderon, L and Freire, T., ‖Ultrasonic Ranging Gets Themal Correction‖, Sensor Review, Vol, 9 , 1989,（論文）譯文Ultrasonic ranging system design Publication title: Sensor : ABSTRACT: Ultrasonic ranging technology has wide using worth in many field, such as the industrial locale, vehicle navigation and sonar it has been used in level measurement, selfguided autonomous vehicles, fieldwork robots automotive navigation, air and underwater target detection, identification ,location and so there is an important practicing meaning to learn the ranging theory and ways improve the precision of the ultrasonic ranging system in hand, satisfy the request of the engineering personal for the precision,the bound and the usage, a portable ultrasonic ranging system based on the single chip processor was : Ultrasound r, Ranging System, Single Chip Processor With the development of science and technology, the improvement of people’s standard of living, speeding up the development and construction of the drainage system have greatly developed their situation is constantly , due to historical reasons many unpredictable factors in the synthesis of her time, the city drainage particular drainage system often lags behind urban , there are often good building excavation has been building facilities to upgrade the drainage system brought to the city sewage, and it is clear to the city sewage and drainage culvert in the sewage treatment is very important to people’s robots designed to clear the drainage culvert and the automatic control system Free sewage culvert clear guarantee robot, the robot is designed to clear the culvert sewage to the System is the core ponent of the development of ultrasonic range , it is very important to design a good ultrasonic range subject backgroundWith the development of economy and car scientific and technological progress, highway traffic presents driving fast pace, traffic dense is changed and the driver not professional the same time, along with the rapid development of auto industry, automobile yield and quantities are increased road development，中原工學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文）譯文transportation management is relatively backward, leading to a large number of traffic accidents in some cities, especially transportation system in the world, ITS transportation science and technology of advanced technology, ITS exerting existing infrastructure of potential, enhance the transport efficiency, safeguard traffi