【正文】 lecules. (D) An instrument for measuring light waves. 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 5 頁 共 40 頁 was Towne39。s 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 37 頁 共 40 頁 word framed in line 18 is closest in meaning to (A) understood (B) read (C) avoided (D) posed the third paragraph, the author implies that the techniques of history and the techniques of social science are (A) quite different from each other (B) equally useful in studying prehistoric cultures (C) usually taught to students of archaeology (D) both based on similar principles 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 38 頁 共 40 頁 phrase their contributions in line 23 refers to the contributions of (A) social scientists (B) prehistoric cultures (C) historians (D) documentation and knowledge author mentions an excavation at the site of a hotel in Sacramento in order to give an example of (A) a building reconstruction project (B) the work of the earliest historical archaeologists (C) a finding that conflicts with written records (D) the kind of information that historians routinely examine 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 39 頁 共 40 頁 word supposedly in line 36 is closest in meaning to (A) ruthlessly (B) tightly (C) barely (D) seemingly word sanitation in line 40 is closest in meaning to (A) city (B) housing (C) health (D) trade 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 40 頁 共 40 頁 。 notebooks were lost. (B) Several people were developing the idea at the same time. (C) No one claimed credit for the development until recently. (D) The work is still inplete. Questions 1121 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 8 頁 共 40 頁 Panel painting, mon in thirteenth and fourteenth century Europe , involved a painstaking , laborious process. Wooden planks were joined, covered with gesso to prepare the surface for painting , and then polished smooth with special tools. On this perfect surface, the artist would sketch a position with chalk, refine it with inks, and then begin the deliberate process of applying thin layers of egg tempera paint (egg yolk in which pigments are suspended) with small brushes. The successive layering of these meticulously applied paints produced the final, translucent colors. Backgrounds of gold were made by carefully applying sheets of gold leaf, and then embellishing of decorating the gold leaf by punching it with a metal rod on which a pattern 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 9 頁 共 40 頁 had been embossed. Every step in the process was slow and deliberate . The quickdrying tempera demanded that the artist know exactly where each stroke be placed before the brush met the panel, and it required the use of fine brushes. It was, therefore , an ideal technique for emphasizing the hard linear edges and pure, fine areas of color that were so much a part of the overall aesthetic of the time. The notion that an artist could or would dash off an idea in a fit of spontaneous inspiration was pletely alien to these deliberately produced works. Furthermore, making these paintings was so timeconsuming that it demanded assistance. All such work was done by collective enterprise in the workshops. The painter or master who is credited with having created painting may have 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 10 頁 共 40 頁 designed the work and overseen its production, but it is highly unlikely that the artist39。s (C) During the 195039。s shop probably provided the frame and perhaps supplied the panel, and yet another shop supplied the gold. Thus, not only many hands , but also many shops were involved in the final product. In spite of problems with their condition, restoration, and preservation many panel paintings have survived, and today many of them are housed in museum collections. aspect of panel paintings does the passage mainly discuss? 中國最大的管理資源中心 (大量免費資源共享 ) 第 11 頁 共 40 頁 (A) Famous examples (B) Different styles (C) Restoration (D) Production to the passage, what was the first step in making a panel painting? (A) Mixing the paint (B) Preparing the panel (C) Buying the gold leaf (D) Making ink drawings word it in line 6 refers to