【正文】 trol your talk within 10 minutes ? ? 只按摘要內(nèi)容 Only content in abstract ? 說(shuō)明一個(gè)主要議題 One main idea ? 使用直接支持結(jié)論的數(shù)據(jù) Use data directly support conclusion ? 去除不必要的材料或細(xì)節(jié) Excluding unnecessary data or detail ? 避免繁復(fù)的解釋說(shuō)明 Avoid plex explanation ? 包括題目頁(yè)在內(nèi)，使用 1015張幻燈 1015 slides including title ? 在提問(wèn)部分你有機(jī)會(huì)就一些細(xì)節(jié)做解釋 You have chance to explain some detail during question and answer section 壓縮和完善 Reduce and Polish ? 去掉無(wú)關(guān)的想法和文字 Eliminate extraneous ideas and text ? 壓縮內(nèi)容，只要關(guān)鍵 Reduce content to essential ? 整合和去除視覺(jué)輔助工具 Integrate and eliminate visual aids ? 審核，編輯和重寫 Review, Edit, and Rewrite ? 和同事一起練習(xí) Practice with colleagues – 改善表達(dá) To improve delivery – 調(diào)整時(shí)間 To adjust time – 準(zhǔn)備問(wèn)題 To prepare for questions 口頭演講的四種方法 Four approaches to deliver an oral presentation ? 讀稿子 Read from a script ? 死記硬背 Memorize ? 即席演講 Improvise ? 按要點(diǎn)和題綱 Follow notes and an outline 讀講稿有幾方面好處 Reading from a script has several advantages ? 語(yǔ)言不是很流利的情況下，讀比較容易 ? Very easy for nonfluent speakers ? 可事先斟酌詞句 ? Well selected words ? 很有條理（如果講稿有條理的話） ? Well anized (if the script is) ? 講稿或發(fā)表的文章可分發(fā)給聽眾 ? May be handed out or published 但有重要不足 But, it has some important disadvantages ? 顯得不自然，視覺(jué)接觸少 ? Lacks spontaneity and visual contact ? 顯示演講者對(duì)材料不熟和缺乏自信 ? Suggests lack of mand and confidence ? 不能根據(jù)聽眾不同而變化 ? Cannot adapt to the audience ? 一些做作的表情會(huì)適得其反 ? Attempts to show expression can backfire 記住要講的話有很多好處 There are several advantages to memorizing your words ? 報(bào)告非常有條理 ? Your presentation is well anized ? 詞句都是精心選擇的 ? Your words are carefully chosen ? 不必照本宣科 ? It frees you from reading ? 可以有更多地表情 ? Allows more expressiveness 記住報(bào)告方式有什么缺點(diǎn)？ What are the disadvantages of memorizing your presentation? ? 準(zhǔn)備時(shí)間長(zhǎng) ? Excessive preparation time ? 不能根據(jù)聽眾不同而變化 ? Cannot adapt to the audience ? 不自然－枯燥無(wú)味 ? Lacks spontaneity – boring ? 有忘詞風(fēng)險(xiǎn) ? Risk of fetting 即席演講與讀相比的好處 The advantages of the impromptu presentation contrast with reading ? 自然 ? Spontaneous ? 可自如表達(dá) ? Allows expressiveness ? 準(zhǔn)備需要的時(shí)間少 ? Little time needed for preparation ? 可根據(jù)聽眾變化做調(diào)整 ? Easy to adapt to audience 但缺陷也要重要不足 But, it has major disadvantages ? 很難按時(shí)完成 ? Difficult to finish on time ? 無(wú)法斟酌每個(gè)詞 ? Words not precisely chosen ? 容易忘掉重點(diǎn)以及涵蓋一些非要點(diǎn) ? Tend to fet important points and include unimportant points ? 可能顯得雜亂無(wú)章 ? Can bee disanized 最好的方式是使用要點(diǎn)或題綱形式的筆記 The best approach is to use key points or notes with an outline ? 顯示對(duì)題目的熟練掌握 ? Indicates mand of the topic ? 自然－目光交流－表情 ? Spontaneity – eye contact – expression ? 有組織 ? Organized ? 合理控制速度，便于聽眾理解 ? Natural pace helps audience understand ? 可以根據(jù)聽眾不同調(diào)整 ? May adapt to audience 使用要點(diǎn)和題綱做報(bào)告也有缺陷 Following an outline and notes has few disadvantages. ? 需要時(shí)間準(zhǔn)備 ? Requires preparation time ? 用詞可能不準(zhǔn)確 ? Wording not exact ? 對(duì)使用非母語(yǔ)進(jìn)行演講的人來(lái)說(shuō)有難度 ? Difficult for nonnative speakers 演講步驟 Steps in Presenting ? 事前準(zhǔn)備 P