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談法律法規(guī)中指示語(yǔ)的翻譯(留存版)

  

【正文】 ant laws and regulations, in consideration of the actual situation ofShantou Municipality, for the purpose of strengthening the management of the normative documents theShantou Municipality’s administrative organs, maintaining the uniformity of the legal system and promoting the administrative work in accordance with law.(《汕頭市行政機(jī)關(guān)規(guī)范性文件管理規(guī)定》第一章第一條)在上例中,“本市”被翻譯成了“ the Shantou Municipality ”而不是“ this Municipality ”是為了照顧語(yǔ)言的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。2 . a. 辦理涉及我國(guó)人類遺傳資源的國(guó)際合作項(xiàng)目的報(bào)批手續(xù),須填寫申請(qǐng)書(shū),并附以以下附件:b. An application form shall be filled in and the following documents for pleting formalities of reporting for approval of an international collaborative project involving human genetic resources of our country shall be attached thereto:(《 國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)科學(xué)技術(shù)部、衛(wèi)生部〈人類遺傳管理暫行辦法〉的通知》第一章第一條)在漢語(yǔ)中,“附以”就表達(dá)了以下材料必須附著在申請(qǐng)書(shū)上的關(guān)系,而在英語(yǔ)中需加“ thereto ”來(lái)表示這層指示關(guān)系。指示語(yǔ)按照其指代性質(zhì)可分為五大類:人稱指示語(yǔ)( person deixis ),地點(diǎn)指示語(yǔ) (place deixis) ,時(shí)間指示語(yǔ) (time deixis) ,語(yǔ)篇指示語(yǔ) (discourse deixis) 和社交指示語(yǔ) (social deixis) 。話語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)境的聯(lián)系就是通過(guò)指示語(yǔ)完成的。法律翻譯者遇到的眾多問(wèn)題之一就是法律法規(guī)中指示語(yǔ)的翻譯。1 . a. 為了有效保護(hù)和合理利用我國(guó)的人類遺傳資源,加強(qiáng)人類基因的研究與開(kāi)發(fā),促進(jìn)平等互利的合作與交流,制定本辦法:b. These measures are formulated for the purpose of effectively protecting and rationallyutilizing human genetic resourcesin our country, strengthening human gene research and development, and promoting international cooperation and exchange on the basis of equality and mutual benefit.(《 國(guó)務(wù)院辦公廳轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)科學(xué)技術(shù)部、衛(wèi)生部〈人類遺傳管理暫行辦法〉的通知》第一章第一條)在如上的翻譯中,對(duì)于“我國(guó)的”這樣的指示語(yǔ)就不能按照字面意思翻譯為 “in our country” 而應(yīng)站在目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者的角度上將此翻譯成“ in China ”,以達(dá)到法律交流的目的。主要包括地點(diǎn)副詞和指示代詞,在英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)中都有近指示代詞和遠(yuǎn)指示代詞之分,例如漢語(yǔ)中的“這里”“那里”英語(yǔ)中的“ here ”“ there ”。行政機(jī)關(guān)內(nèi)部的工作制度,管理制度等,不適用本規(guī)定。任何人類語(yǔ)言都要以這種基本框架作為各種相互關(guān)系坐標(biāo),無(wú)此坐標(biāo),語(yǔ)言交際無(wú)法進(jìn)行。這里,譯者通過(guò) “ 存異 ” 達(dá)到了法律交流的目的。顯然( 7b )中的翻譯方法更符合源法的精神。但對(duì)于現(xiàn)在的讀者而言( 4b )的語(yǔ)言不免有些晦澀難懂,像“俾克”“久而弗懈”這樣的詞在現(xiàn)代漢語(yǔ)中已經(jīng)非常少見(jiàn),語(yǔ)言隨著時(shí)間而演變,它所指示的時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)等參數(shù)也隨著時(shí)間發(fā)生了改變,我們的目的是法律交流,所以就要跳出語(yǔ)言的限制,在充分體現(xiàn)源法宗旨的前提下,盡量按照目標(biāo)語(yǔ)讀者接受的方式去組織語(yǔ)言。( 3 )比照補(bǔ)足原則。 deixis。編號(hào):時(shí)間:2021年x月x日書(shū)山有路勤為徑,學(xué)海無(wú)涯苦作舟頁(yè)碼:第13頁(yè) 共13頁(yè)談法律法規(guī)中指示語(yǔ)的翻譯關(guān)鍵詞:法律交流原則; 指示語(yǔ); 語(yǔ)言從法原則; 存異求同原則; 比照補(bǔ)足原則Abstract|:As an important element of pragmatics, deixis plays the role of relating utterance with its context. Without deixis, it is almost impossible to understand the meaning of any stretch of language. In the translation of laws and regulations, one of the many problems facing translators is the translation of deixis. Due to the different mode of thinking, deixis used in different languages differ greatly. This paper, starting from ?ar?evi ? ’s theory that legal translation is a municative act and under the guidance of the three legal exchange principles proposed by Du Jinbang, . the principle of language deferring to law, the principle of tolerance for difference and pursuit of concord, and the princi
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