【正文】 8. Both Houses of Congress are directly elected by American people. 9. All . citizens from the age of 16, regardless of race, gender, or wealth have right to vote and being voted. 10. All of the American judges can hold for life as long as they make no mistakes.IV. Explain the following terms in English.1. FederalismV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions.1. The form of the . government is based on three main principles, what are they?Chapter 7 American and British Education I. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D, choose the best one to plete the statement.1. The worldfamous Harvard University is in _____. A. Massachusetts B. New York C. Washington . D. New England 2. Which of the following statements about American education is not true? A. Elementary and secondary education in America is free and pulsory. B. Private schools are financially supported by religious or nonreligious private organizations or individuals. C. Most parents send their children into public schools because it provides better educational quality. D. Generally, the curriculum in public elementary school is determined by individual school districts. 3. Typically, in America formal education involves three levels except ______. A. preschool education B. elementary education C. secondary education D. postsecondary education4. Who is fully responsible for education in America? A. the Federal government. B. the state governments. C. the national government. D. the Department of Education.5. In the American school system, there are twelve levels called _____. A. classes. B. grades. C. divisions. D. high school.6. _____ is the earliest university in America. A. Yale B. Harvard C. Brown D. Columbia7. Which of the following is not the admission criteria into colleges for high school students? A. class ranking B. Standardized test scores C. research ability D. GPA8. Among the following universities, which is not a member of Ivy League?A. Columbia University. B. Brown University.C. University of Pennsylvania. D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology9. In Britain pulsory education presently ends at ______________. A. 14 B. 16 C. 17 D. 1810 Which one is not considered as the most famous boarding private schools in Britain? A. Eton College B. Harrow School C. Woodland Junior School D. Rugby School11. If a student wants to go to university in Britain，he will take the examination called_____________.　A. General Certificate of Education—Advanced　B. General Certificate of Secondary Education　C. the mon entrance examinationD. General National Vocational Qualifications.12. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children to _________.　A. private schools　B. independent schools C. state schools　D. public schoolsII. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. ______ Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education.2. _____ Children education is pulsory but age for it varies in America.3. _____ It is very easy to get a bachelor39。s character? A. friendly B. outspoken C. selfreliant D. informal9. Which of the following is not true about American materialism? A. Materialism is a symbol of decadence. B. Materialism is an integral part of American life. C. Materialism fostered pragmatism. D. People are judged by their material possessions.10. The mon practice of tipping in US is to leave ____ of the total bill to server. A. 15% B. 20% C. 10% D. 5%11. Smoking in the United States is not allowed except in _____. A. shops B. movie theatres C. schools D. bars12. The characteristics of America39。s directness? A. Beat about the bush B. In a roundabout way C. Call a spade a spade D. Turn a corner here and there8. The proverb God help those who help themselves expresses which aspect of American people39。 Chapter 1 General Study of UKI. For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C, D, choose the best one to plete the statement.1. The national flag of the United Kingdom, known as the Union Jack, is made up of _____ crosses. A. one B. Two C. three D. four2. The highest mountain peak in Britain is in ________. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland3. The largest lake in Britain is ______. A. Loch Lomond B. the Lough Neagh C. Windermere D. Ullswater4. The Lake District is wellknown for________. A. its wild and beautiful scenery B. its varied lakes C. the lake Poets D. all of the above three5. The British Isles are made up of______. A. two large islands and hundreds of small onesB. two large islands and Northern IrelandC. three large islands and hundreds of small onesD. three large islands and Northern Ireland6. Among the four political divisions of Britain, __________ is the most densely populated. A. England B. Scotland C. Wales D. Northern Ireland7. The capital of Scotland is __________. A. Belfast B. Cardiff C. Edinburgh D. Dublin8. Britain’s climate is influenced by ______ which brings about affluent rain to the British Isles. A. the Atlantic Gulf Stream B. the equatorC. the Pacific Current D. the Brazil currentII. Read the following statements carefully and decide whether they are True or False.1. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. 2. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”. 3. London, the c