【正文】 oday’s personal puters, departmental puters, and distributed processing require puters and their applications to municate with each other on a more equal or peertopeer basis. In a database, the client/server model provides the framework for distributing databases.One way to take advantage of many connected puters running database applications is to distribute the application into cooperating parts that are independent of one anther. A client is an end user or puter program that requests resources across a network. A server is a puter running software that fulfills those requests across a network . When the resources are data in a database ,the client/server model provides the framework for distributing database.A file serve is software that provides access to files across a network. A dedicated file server is a single puter dedicated to being a file server. This is useful ,for example ,if the files are large and require fast access .In such cases, a miniputer or mainframe would be used as a file server. A distributed file server spreads the files around on individual puters instead of placing them on one dedicated puter.Advantages of the latter server include the ability to store and retrieve files on other puters and the elimination of duplicate files on each puter. A major disadvantage , however, is that individual read/write requests are being moved across the network and problems can arise when updating files. Suppose a user requests a record from a file and changes it while another user requests the same record and changes it too. The solution to this problems called record locking, which means that the first request makes others requests wait until the first request is satisfied . Other users may be able to read the record, but they will not be able to change it .A database server is software that services requests to a database across a network. For example, suppose a user types in a query for data on his or her personal puter . If the application is designed with the client/server model in mind ,the query language part on the personal puter simple sends the query across the network to the database server and requests to be notified when the data are found.Examples of distributed database syst。這是因為，雖然中下層管理人員從繁瑣的事務性工作中解脫出來，但需要他們用更多的精力去分析研究工作，進一步提高管理決策水平。l 經(jīng)理通過MIS使其經(jīng)營計劃和具體的業(yè)務活動聯(lián)系在一起。因此同年IBM建立了先進管理系統(tǒng)AAS,它能進行450個業(yè)務的操作。數(shù)據(jù)處理一詞已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)。1．管理信息系統(tǒng)概述20世紀，隨著全球經(jīng)濟的蓬勃發(fā)展，眾多經(jīng)濟學家紛紛提出了新的管理理論。因而它也是管理信息系統(tǒng)的低級階段。隨著計算機技術的進步和人們對系統(tǒng)的需求進一步提高，人們更加強調管理信息系統(tǒng)能否支持企業(yè)高層領導的決策這一功能，更側重于企業(yè)外部信息的收集、綜合數(shù)據(jù)庫、模型庫、方法庫、和其它人工智能工具能否直接面向決策者，這是決策支持系統(tǒng)(DDS)的任務。這表現(xiàn)在管理中運用預測和各種數(shù)學模型來定量分析企業(yè)中的問題。了解MIS對企業(yè)的影響，有利于我們在開發(fā)和研究工作中，使企業(yè)的組織機構、管理體制和管理方法更好的與MIS的發(fā)展相適應，建立更有效的MIS。它完全根據(jù)用戶需求來組織設計與生產，可以通過信息流調動不同地域的企業(yè)為同一個產品進行大協(xié)作，通過對機器的重新編程和對資源、人員的重新組織，構成了一個新的制造系統(tǒng)，使得生產成本與批量幾乎無關。(AM)一種有遠見的企業(yè)管理模式，其特點是職工素質高，組織機構精簡、多功能小組效率高、信息存放靈活、響應客戶要求迅速。它一般包括一些模型用以產生決策信息，但不強調全面的管理功能。第二階段是數(shù)據(jù)更新系統(tǒng)，其典型代表是美國航空公司于20世紀50年代建成的SABRE預約訂票系統(tǒng)。 external grand duke takes charge of having arisen3 kinds of alternations: A. Paying special attention to the administration being emphasized to establishing MIS’s system, and causing the administration technique head for the ageing. B. The message is the decision of strategic importance foundation, and MIS supplies the message service in the interest of director at all times. C. Director causes such management program getting in touch with together with the concrete professional work maneuver by means of MIS. not merely bigandmiddlesized business universally establish MIS some smallsize business also not exceptions of self, universally establish the munal data network, like the electronic mail and electron data exchange and so on, MIS supplied the well support environment to the application of Intranet’s technique to speedily developing of INTERNET especially in the past few years in the interest of the business. Through international technique development tendency is see, in the 90’s 20 centuries had arisen some kinds of brandnew administration technique.1. Business Processes Rebuild (BPR)A business should value correctly time and produce quality, manufacturing cost and technical service and so on several section administrations, grip at the moment organization and the process pose once more,andpletes that meritorious service capacity integrationist, operation processization and organization form fluctuation. Shall act as the service veer of middle layer management personnel staff the decision of strategic importance of the director service?2. Intelligentization Decision Support System (IDSS)The intelligentization decision of strategic importance support system was sufficiently consider demand and the work distinguishing feature of business higher level personnel staff. 3. Lean Production (LP) Application give birth to on time, prehensive quality control and parallel project that picked amount is given birth to and so on the technique, the utmost product design cutting down and production cycle, raise produce quality and cuts down the reproduced goods to reserve, and is living in the manufacture promote corps essence, in order to meet the demand that client continuously changes. 4. Agile Manufacture (AM) One kind of business administration pattern that possess the vision, such distinguishing feature is workers and staff members’ quality is high, and the organization simplifies and the multipurpose group effectiveness GAO message loading is agile and answers client requires swiftly. 2. The Effect To The Business Administration of MIS DevelopmentThe effect to the business administration of the management information system development is administered the change to business and business administration of information system development and e into being and is ing into being the farreaching effect with. Decision of strategic importance, particularly strategic decisionmaking may be assisted by the administration information system, and its good or bad directly affects living and t