【正文】 ome， few， any， no 等修飾。 ） How much do(es) ... cost? 結構 ∶How much do（ es）＋某物＋ cost? ？ 結構 ∶ 說明 ∶ 說明 ∶ 此句型意為 “ 某物值多少錢？ ” 。用于說明 “ 狀態(tài)或性質 ” 的副詞，稱為 情狀副詞 。 in the world， on earth 和 ever 是強調疑問詞的 詞組 。 You will never know how much your encouragement meant to me. 你決不會知道你的鼓勵對我多么有意義。這是征求對方意見或提議的委婉說法。 If possible, She wants to go with us. 可能的話，她想跟我們一起去。 Should you see him, please give him my regards. 如果你見到他，請代我向他致意。 If the sun were to rise in the west, he would pass the exam. 要是太陽從西邊出來，他就會通過考試－－他不可能通過考試。 It is time that you reflected upon your mistakes. 該是你反省思過的時候了。此類 主要子句 句尾通常有 表現(xiàn)在的 時間副詞 ，如 now， today 等。 ” 用過去式，表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反；若用 過去完成式 ，則表示與過去事實 說明 ∶ 相反。 It looks as if it is going to rain. 好像要下雨了。 12 Without newspaper, we would get behind the times. 要不是報紙，我們都趕不上時代了。 The employees demand that their salaries be raised. 員工們要求加薪。 It is proper that such a bad man be punished severely. 這么壞的人受重罰是應該的。 Provided/Providing (that) .... 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶Prov ided／provided（ that）＋子句， S＋ V ... 說明 ∶ 說明 ∶ 此句型意為 “ 如果 ?” 。總體 上看， unless 的語氣強于 if ... not ...，而且有時較為常用，例如在最后通牒中。 It is desirable that we (should) provide for the poor at Christmas. 在圣誕節(jié)施舍窮人是可 喜的事。其后接 that子句 時，該 子句 里的 動詞 要用原形或 “should ＋ 動詞 ” 。 But for your advice, I should have failed. 要不是你的忠告，我會失敗的。 He ran into the room as if he had seen something terrible. 他跑 進屋子，彷佛他看到什么可怕的東西。 I wish you had not been caught in the rain yesterday. 但愿昨天你們沒有淋到雨。 Had he not saved me, I might have been drowned. 我可能溺死了，若非他救了我。過去式 動詞 處有時亦使用 “should ＋ 動詞 原形 ” 。 Should the boy e again, I would throw him out. 要是那男孩在來，我就把他攆出去。本句型常用在想禮貌地提出要求或建 議，或者想圓通地告訴他人該做什么事的場合。 If the weather clears, we’ll go for a walk. 如果天晴，我們就去散步。 說明 ∶ Can you tell me where the teacher has gone? 你能告訴我老師到哪里去了嗎？ Have you any idea where he es from? 他是哪里人，您知道不知道 ？ Do you know if they like this new item? 你知道他們是否喜歡這個新品種？ Do you know who wants to go with me? 你知道誰想跟我一起去嗎？ Do you know when the train will leave? 你知道火車何時開嗎？ Can you tell me how much you earn a month? 你能告訴我你一個月賺多少嗎？ He is ..., is he? 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶ 肯定式陳述句＋肯定式反問句 說 明 ∶ 說明 ∶ 這種疑問句型 的前后一致，都是肯定式結構。 Tell me why it is so important? 告訴我為什么此事這么重要？ They do not know what the words mean. 他們不知道這些字的意思是什么。 He isn’t a manager, is he? － Yes, he is. (No, he isn’t.) 他不是經理，是吧？－－不，他是經理。 What year were you born in? 你出生于那一年？ What date was your mother born on? 你母親出生于幾月幾日？ What month was your sister born in? 你妹妹出生于幾月？ What will you do on ...? 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶What will ／ did＋主詞＋ do＋ on＋時間？ 說明 ∶ （未來式） 某人在某時做了什么事？ （過去式） 指特定的日期 ” 。 ） How much homework do they have? They have a lot of homework. (They don’t have much homework.) 他們有多少家庭作業(yè)？ 他們有許多家庭作業(yè)。 How many days are there in a week? There are seven days in a week. 一星期有幾天？ 一星期有七天。 （不，他們不在辦公 室里工作。 How old is your sister? She is thirteen years old. 你的姊妹幾歲？她十三歲。 說明 ∶ 問句是 “Where ...?” ，簡答時可用 副詞詞組 “In ／ On the＋ 名詞 ” 。 （不，他不是。 What is that? That is a desk. 那是什么？那是一張書桌。 What are they? They are glasses. 它們是什么？它們是玻璃杯。 ） What is your name? 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶ 問句： What＋ is＋所有格＋ name? 答句：所有格＋ name＋ is＋名字。這一 句型 轉換的三要素是： be 動詞 移到句首；改為 大寫；句尾用問號。 What time is it? It is ten o’clock. 現(xiàn)在是幾點鐘？現(xiàn)在是十點鐘。 What time does your class begin? It begins at eightten. 你的課幾點開始？八點十分開始。 How many books do you have? I have a lot of books. (I don’t have any books.) 你有幾本書？ 我有許多書。 how much 用來詢問商品的價格。 說明 ∶ 當用來修飾 不及物動詞 時， 情狀副詞 位于其后； 當用來修飾 及物動詞 時， 情狀動詞 位于 及物動詞 的前面或后面。 How in the world will he do it? 他到底將如何做這件事？ What in the world do you mean? 你的意思究竟是什么？ How on earth did you know it? 你到底是怎么知道的？ Who on earth told you that? 那件事究竟是誰告訴你的？ Where ever did you lose it? 你到底在哪兒丟的呀？ What in the world are they hoping for? 他們到底想要什么？ Are you ... or ...? 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶ 一般疑問句（讀升調）＋ or＋一般疑問句（讀降調） 說明 ∶ 說明 ∶ 此句型意為 “ 是 ? 還是 ? ？ 。 ... whether/if ... 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶ 主要子句＋ whether／ if＋子句 說明 ∶ 口語中使用 if 較為普遍。 What about the name Smith? 史密斯這個名字怎么樣？ What about going to a movie? 去看場電影如何？ What about lending me some money? 借點錢給我如何？ What about washing the car on Sunday? 禮拜天洗 車怎么樣？ How about the others? 剩余的怎么樣？ How about a drink? 來一杯吧？ How about a cup of coffee at a nearby coffee shop? 去附近的咖啡屋喝杯咖啡吧？ What if ...? 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶What if ＋主詞＋動詞 說明 ∶ 說明 ∶ 此句型意為 “ 如果 ? 的話怎么辦呢？ ” 。 Sterling may fall, if (this should be) so, interest rates will rise. 英國貨幣可能貶值，如果果真如此，利率就會上升。 9 If you should happen to see him, please give him my regards. 如果你萬一見到他，請代我向他致意。 If I were to be born again, I would like to be a bird. 我要是再活一次，我想當一只鳥。 It is high time he should e to our house for 該上咱家吃晚飯的時候了。 If he had worked harder when young, he would be well off now. 如果他年輕時多努力一點，現(xiàn)在就能過得舒服些。 If only I had a rich father. 要是我有個有錢的爸爸就好了。 It seems as if he knows everything. 他似乎是個萬事通。 I should be lonely, were it not for the birds and the flowers. 我會寂寞，若非有鳥也有花。 They ruled that the law (should) not be imposed. 他們規(guī)定不應加重法律。 Imperative Sentence + Conj. + Main Clause 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶ 祈使句＋連接詞＋主句 說明 ∶ 說明 ∶ 祈使句 表示須具備的條件，主句表示可能的結果。 Provided/Providing (that) 引導假設條件句，其功能相當于 if。 unless 引導一個否定假設句，相當于 if ... not ...，有時可以互換使用。 It is urgent that food and clothing (should) be sent to the sufferers. 急需將食物和衣服送給災民。 I demand/insist that ... 結構 ∶ 主詞 1＋意志動詞（ demand／ insist 等）＋（ that）＋主詞 2＋（ should）＋原形動詞 結構 ∶ 說明 ∶ ，要求（ desire， 說明 ∶ 意志 動詞 有四類：建議（ suggest， remend， propose， advise， urge 等） ask，demand， require， request， maintain， insist 等） ，命令（ order，mand 等） ，規(guī)定（ rule， regulate， stipulate 等） 。 If it were not for his presence, I would punish you. 要不是他在場，我會處罰你的。 The nurse attends on the patient as if he were her father. 這護士照顧這位病人彷佛在照顧她爸爸似的。 I wish (=I would rather) he could e tomorrow. 但愿他明天能來。 Had he not apologize to her, she would not have fiven him. 她（那時）不會原諒他，若非他道了歉。 It is time that ... 結構 ∶ 結構 ∶It is （ hi