【正文】 e/ 5. exp hypoxiaischemia, brain/ 6. intracranial arterial diseases/ 7. exp cerebral arterial diseases/ 8. exp ―Intracranial embolism and thrombosis‖/ 注 : exp為擴(kuò)展檢索 原檢索式中的“ cerebrovascular accident‖已改為 stroke （因 MeSH增加了 stroke主題詞） Evidencebased Medicine 檢索缺血性腦卒中 （續(xù)） 9. (stroke$ or apoplex$ or cerebral vasc$ or cerebrovasc$ or cva or transient isch?emic attack$ or tia$).tw 10. (brain or cerebr$ or cerebell$ or vertebrobasil$ or hemispher$ or intracran$ or intracerebral or infratentorial or supratentorial or middle cerebr$ or mca$ or anterior circulation).tw 11. (isch?emi$ or infarct$ or thrombo$ or emboli$ or occlus$ or hypoxi$).tw 12. 10 and 11 13. or/110, 12 Evidencebased Medicine 主題詞檢索（簡述） 主題詞 指能代表文獻(xiàn)內(nèi)容實質(zhì)的經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格規(guī)范化的專業(yè)名詞術(shù)語或詞組，其特點是具有唯一性，多個相同概念、名詞術(shù)語、同義詞等在索引中只能用唯一一個術(shù)語表達(dá)，使內(nèi)容相同或相近的文獻(xiàn)更加集中、更具有專指性，避免同義詞的多次檢索。 采用主題詞檢索途徑進(jìn)行檢索稱為主題檢索 （注：主題詞檢索的檢索用詞均來自主題詞表） Evidencebased Medicine MeSH 和 Emtree簡介 美國國立醫(yī)學(xué)圖書館所編制的 medical subject headings（ 《 醫(yī)學(xué)主題詞表 》 ，簡稱 MeSH）。 Evidencebased Medicine OVID Database Field Guides The Ovid MEDLINE 174。而 drug adj1 treatment則不考慮倆字的順序，即 drug treatment及 treatment drug均可。 operator defaults to within six words。 Evidencebased Medicine 三、如何檢索除書目數(shù)據(jù)庫以外的文獻(xiàn) 補(bǔ)充檢索與主題有關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù)庫 (supplementary subject databases） 檢索收錄各種指南的網(wǎng)站 (guidelines sites) 檢索會議摘要和學(xué)術(shù)會議錄網(wǎng)站 (meeting abstracts and conference proceedings) 檢索灰色文獻(xiàn)索引 (grey literature indexes) 檢索官方網(wǎng)站 (government/official websites) 檢索衛(wèi)生技術(shù)評估方面的網(wǎng)站 (other HTA websites) 檢索主要的在線書目數(shù)據(jù)庫 (major online book catalogues) 檢索已注冊和在研的臨床試驗數(shù)據(jù)庫 手工檢索相關(guān)雜志 Evidencebased Medicine 如何檢索除書目數(shù)據(jù)庫以外的研究文獻(xiàn) 還可參考 Cochrane Collaborationr的“ The Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions” (Version , updated September 2022)的相關(guān)內(nèi)容 ( Sources to search)進(jìn)行擴(kuò)展檢索 （見以下幾張幻燈片的內(nèi)容） Evidencebased Medicine 1. Journals and other nonbibliographicdatabase sources Handsearching Fulltext journals available electronically Tables of contents Conference abstracts or proceedings Other reviews, guidelines and reference lists as sources of studies Web Searching Evidencebased Medicine (1) Fulltext journals available electronically BioMed Central: PubMedCentral (PMC): Web sites listing journals offering free fulltext access include: Free Medical Journals: HighWire Press: Evidencebased Medicine (2) Tables of contents Many journals, even those that are available by subscription only, offer Table of Contents (TOC) services free of charge, normally through alerts or RSS feeds. In addition a number of anizations offer TOC services Evidencebased Medicine Examples of anizations offering Table of Contents (TOC) services British Library Direct (free): British Library Inside (to be replaced by British Library Direct Plus) (subscription): Current Contents (subscription): Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) – Brazil (free): Evidencebased Medicine (3) specialist conference abstract sources Biological Abstracts/RRM (Reports, Reviews, Meetings): British Library Inside (to be replaced by British Library Direct Plus): British Library Direct Plus: /productsservices/bldplus ISI Proceedings: 從本校圖書館可查 Evidencebased Medicine (4) Other reviews, guidelines and reference lists as sources of studies Australian National Health and Medical Research Council: Clinical Practice Guidelines: Canadian Medical Association – Infobase: Clinical Practice Guidelines: National Guideline Clearinghouse (US): National Library of Guidelines (UK): New Zealand Guidelines Group: NICE Clinical Guidelines (UK): alguidelines/ Evidencebased Medicine 2. Unpublished and ongoing studies National and international trials registers Subjectspecific trials registers Pharmaceutical industry trials registers Trials results registers and other sources Evidencebased Medicine Examples of trials results registers International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers and Associations (IFPMA) Clinical Trials Portal: PhRMA Clinical Study Results Database: Research Findings Electronic Register (ReFeR) (no longer updated): BristolMyers Squibb Clinical Trial Results: Eli Lilly and Company Clinical Trial Registry: Roche Clinical Trials Results Database: Wyeth Clinical Trial Results: Evidencebased Medicine 有了機(jī)檢，為何還要手檢？ 手工檢索雜志作為計算機(jī)檢索的補(bǔ)充至少有以下兩個原因： 1. 書目文獻(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)庫并非對全部的臨床試驗文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了收錄； 2. 雖然臨床試驗記錄被數(shù)據(jù)庫收錄，也可能由于在數(shù)據(jù)庫中使用的術(shù)語不易被識別出是臨床試驗而不能被檢索出來。 獲取未發(fā)表的文獻(xiàn)的途徑： 非正式的交流，向同行了解； 發(fā)出一個符合系統(tǒng)評價納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的相關(guān)研究信息的清單給有關(guān)人員； …… Evidencebased Medicine 為何需關(guān)注干預(yù)措施不良反應(yīng)的信息？ 有研究者指出：“評價任何醫(yī)學(xué)干預(yù)措施的應(yīng)用，只知其有何益處顯然不夠，重要的是也應(yīng)該知道它可能造成怎樣的危害。 Evidencebased Medicine 本講有關(guān)內(nèi)容的說明 本講有關(guān)“ 更新系統(tǒng)評價檢索策略的制定 ”和 “ 如何借鑒已有的檢索策略 ”的文字部分請見本人發(fā)表在 《 中國循證醫(yī)學(xué)雜志 》 2022年第 7期上的 The Ccochrane Library ―new search‖圖標(biāo)的特點及相關(guān)檢索策略分析 Evidencebased Medicine 小結(jié)（借用）： Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Sources to search Summary points (1) Cochrane review authors should seek advice from their Trials Search Coordinator on sources to search. CENTRAL is considered to be the best single so