【正文】 inese painting fetched more than 100 million yuan, the decline in trading volume and sa le rate showed a downturn this year. In the ―Grand View: Chinese Painting Highlight‖ session at China Guardian 2021 spring auctions, Pan Tianshou’s representative work Eagle, Rock and Flora hit a record auction price of 279 million yuan, while Li Keran’s masterwork Jinggang Mountain fetched million yuan, an unexpected high in recent years. However, the trading volume fells to billion yuan from billion yuan in the same period the year before. The Huangchen 2021 Spring Auctions, which recorded million yuan in total sales, experienced the same. The section number went down to 5 from 12 pared to last year. According to expert Shao Jianwu, the art market did not attract much excitement this year due to the booming stock market and the persistent problems of fery and fake deals. The two pieces of Chinese painting notched up high price this spring due to their own value not due to a revival in the market. The successful transaction of two works with a hammer price of more than 100 million yuan once again confirms that valuable and rare works of high quality always earn the longlasting high price. Chinese painting and calligraphy is still the pillar of the market. However, the overall sales rate has dropped s lightly, which reflects the demand for the ordinary auction goods has weakened,‖ said the president of China Guardian’s Hu Yanyan. Besides, the entry of new buyers also makes certain changes to the direction of purchasing. In a word, the overall market trend is very unpredictable. Although China Guardian 2021 Spring Auctions has achieved remarkable results, it does not mean that the market has walked out of the predicament. We still have to wait for the big economic boom to invigorate the art market.‖ Even so, the hot pursuit of some special items appeared this spring. A special session of China Guardian Spring Auctions titled ―Fine Gilt—Bronze Buddhist Images‖ achieved a great deal with total sales volume of million yuan and 92 percent sale rate. The 5th Shamar Rinpoche Statue from 1617th century of Tibet was sold for million yuan. The Beijing Chengxuan Auctions featured almost 2,800 items of coins and stamps in three sessions with good sale rate. The Huachen Auctions also set a special session of photographs under the condition of largescale decline of auction sessions. There was a palpable dull thud of disappointment that acpanied the return of the imperial entourage of Zhen Huan to her homeland. It followed a couple years of hushed excitement as Chinese fans were fed tidbits about their proud concubine who was supposed to conquer the high ground of the North American market. Zhen Huan is, of course, the title character of The Legend of Zhen Huan, a 2021 television series that swept China off its feet and later took other Asian countries by storm. Two years ago, it was reported that HBO, a premium cable service headquartered in the United States, was going to air it in North America after some modification. Now, a condensed version that provides English subtitles but no dubbing has finally been made available on Netflix for online streaming. This version, highly anticipated as a milestone in China39。 教研 室 主任簽字 時(shí) 間 年 月 日 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì) 開題報(bào)告 題 目 中等跨徑預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生 姓名 吳月峰 學(xué)號(hào) 20211622 班級(jí) 橋 087 專業(yè) 橋梁工程 1．研究背景 隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)高速發(fā)展，我國(guó)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)迎來了有一個(gè)高峰期，大跨徑預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連 續(xù)梁橋在現(xiàn)代高速公路橋梁中的比重越來越大，并且已經(jīng)成為高速公路應(yīng)用廣泛的橋型之一。《公路橋規(guī)》要求這時(shí)應(yīng)按承載能力極限狀態(tài)和正常使用極限狀態(tài)，結(jié)合相應(yīng)的設(shè)計(jì)狀況進(jìn)行作用效應(yīng)組合，并取其最不利組合進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。 在自重荷載欄荷載工況和荷載組合項(xiàng)中均選擇自重荷載，自重系數(shù)為在 z軸項(xiàng)中乘以 1(z軸向上為正重力是向下的 )，二期鋪裝作為梁?jiǎn)卧奢d加在整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)上的， 荷載工況名稱及荷載組名稱均選擇二期鋪裝，荷載類型選擇均布荷載方向選擇整體坐標(biāo)系 z軸，以為是假在整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)上所以 x1=0， x2=1， w為荷載集度 等于兩層鋪裝材料和防撞護(hù)欄的容重分別乘以它們橫斷面面積再相加。 設(shè)計(jì)要 點(diǎn) 1 本橋?yàn)轭A(yù)應(yīng)力鋼筋混凝土梁橋，按 A類預(yù)應(yīng)力構(gòu)件進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)。在結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)方面，計(jì)算結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué) 的發(fā)展和計(jì)算機(jī)的普及應(yīng)用，使得大型復(fù)雜橋梁的計(jì)算和繪圖工作的效率大大提高；同時(shí)對(duì)于一些復(fù)雜的力學(xué)分析 ，諸如溫度、徐變收縮、減滯效應(yīng)、非線性、抗震等棘手問題，可以通過電算求出較為符合實(shí)際的效果。 斜截面抗裂性驗(yàn)算 ............................................................ 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 恒載內(nèi)力 ................................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 第 4 章 鋼筋估算和布置 ...................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 技術(shù)指標(biāo) ................................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 設(shè)計(jì)思路 ................................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 施工階段內(nèi)力 .................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 收縮徐變損失 .................................................................... 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。 持久狀況應(yīng)力驗(yàn)算 ............................................................ 錯(cuò)誤 !未定義書簽。由于材料土強(qiáng)度不高，所施加的預(yù)加應(yīng)力又因?yàn)榛炷潦湛s、徐變影響而消失殆盡，直至本世紀(jì) 20 年代人們的研究與嘗試才取得了一定的突破。 R23 HRB335 級(jí)鋼筋技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)符合國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB1301319991 和 GB14991998 的規(guī)定。 設(shè)計(jì)荷載 恒載 內(nèi)力 恒載 內(nèi)力 主要包括 一期恒載（箱梁自重）和二期恒載（橋面鋪裝和防撞護(hù)欄等橋面系）作用下的內(nèi)力。 圖 32 節(jié)點(diǎn)的 x坐標(biāo)見圖 33 圖 33 施工階段劃分 滿堂支架就地澆筑法不存在受力結(jié)構(gòu)體系轉(zhuǎn)換一般不考慮劃分施工階段，但是應(yīng)用 midas civil 軟件進(jìn)行截面強(qiáng)度、應(yīng)力、裂縫驗(yàn)算時(shí)要應(yīng)用到一次預(yù)加力、二次預(yù)加力、收縮二次力、徐變二次力，在進(jìn)行荷載組合時(shí)必須設(shè)置施工階段才能出現(xiàn)以上內(nèi)力組合。 畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書 公路 預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋設(shè)計(jì) 學(xué)生姓名 吳月峰 學(xué)號(hào) 20211622 班級(jí) 橋梁 087 專業(yè) 土木工程 承擔(dān)指導(dǎo)任務(wù)單位 土木工程 學(xué) 院 導(dǎo)師 姓名 張彥玲 導(dǎo)師 職稱 副教授 1． 設(shè)計(jì)內(nèi)容 (1)查閱有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)，掌握中等跨徑預(yù)應(yīng)力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋設(shè)計(jì)和施工的最新發(fā)展?fàn)顩r； (2)根據(jù)自己所設(shè)計(jì)的橋型和截面，在有支架現(xiàn)澆、移動(dòng)模 架、簡(jiǎn)支轉(zhuǎn)連續(xù)三種方法中選擇合理的施工方法和施工工序，并進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的內(nèi)力計(jì)算、主梁預(yù)應(yīng)力筋設(shè)計(jì)、橋面板配筋設(shè)計(jì)； (3)進(jìn)行正常使用極限狀態(tài)和承載能力極限狀態(tài)下的截面應(yīng)力、撓度、裂縫和承載力校核； (4)繪制全橋施工設(shè)計(jì)圖。s villages and entertain nomadic families, but their fame has spread around the world. On May 16 and 17, nearly 100 singers and dancers from the troupe performed at Beijing39。 he wondered how in the world he came to belong there. Indeed his penning and publishing this essay caused his exmunication from high society and also caused him a lot of legal trouble. The legal trouble came as a result of