【正文】 plastics have the strength and excellent processing performance, because of its rubber and the dual advantages of plastics, rubber and plastics can be considered a bination of excellent performance. There are other materials because of its superior characteristics can not be pared, from the late 60s of last century, the progressive realization of the scale polyurethane production, starting from the 80s of last century, the rapid development of polyurethane over the world began, has bee the polyethylene, polyvinyl ethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and plastic after the fifthlargest, at present its annual production of more than 1,000 million tons, out of the sixth global plastics industry. The keywords: Polyurethane； Flexibility； Strength；The fifth largest plastic. 目錄 第一章 緒論 ................................................................................................................ 1 1. 概述 .................................................................................................................... 1 2. 聚氨酯的發(fā)展歷史 ............................................................................................ 1 3. 聚氨酯的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................................................ 2 第二章 聚氨酯的工業(yè)合成 ........................................................................................ 3 1. 水性聚氨酯的合成方法 .................................................................................... 3 外乳化法 ................................................................................................... 3 自乳化法 ................................................................................................... 3 第三章 聚氨酯的性能及其改進(jìn) ................................................................................ 6 1. 聚氨酯的性能 .................................................................................................... 6 2. 水性聚氨酯（ PU）性能改進(jìn) .......................................................................... 6 內(nèi)交聯(lián)改性水性 PU ................................................................................ 7 外交聯(lián)改性 ............................................................................................... 8 丙烯酸和環(huán)氧樹脂的改性 ....................................................................... 8 第四章 聚氨酯的應(yīng)用 .............................................................................................. 10 1. 聚氨酯在建材方面的應(yīng)用 .............................................................................. 10 聚氨酯硬泡良好的防火耐溫性能 ......................................................... 10 聚氨酯涂料 (包括溶劑 ) .......................................................................... 11 聚氨酯漆即聚氨基甲酸酯漆 ................................................................. 11 2. 聚氨酯在家電中的應(yīng)用 .................................................................................. 11 3. 聚氨酯在交通方面的應(yīng)用 .............................................................................. 11 、制鞋 ...................................................................................................... 12 5. 紡織品中的應(yīng)用 .............................................................................................. 12 普通合成革用纖維 ................................................................................. 12 海島超細(xì)纖維 ......................................................................................... 12 新型纖維 ................................................................................................. 13 6. 水性 PU 涂層劑的應(yīng)用 .................................................................................. 13 7. 重要的聚氨酯產(chǎn)品 .......................................................................................... 14 聚氨酯彈性體 ......................................................................................... 14 改性聚氨酯彈性體 ................................................................................. 14 8. 聚氨酯輪胎 ...................................................................................................... 15 第五章 聚氨酯的發(fā)展前景 ...................................................................................... 16 仿木家具 — 聚氨酯行業(yè)新亮點(diǎn) ................................................................ 16 2. 聚氨酯超細(xì)纖維超真皮革 PK 普通 PU 革 ................................................... 17 .............................................................................. 17 ：起步慢，發(fā)展快 .............................................................. 18 5. 電腦表面涂裝：小應(yīng)用，大市場 .................................................................. 18 6. 聚氨酯油墨：涉足較晚，推廣尚早 .............................................................. 18 結(jié)語 .............................................................................................................................. 20 參考文獻(xiàn) ...................................................................................................................... 21 致謝 .............................................................................................................................. 22 第一章 緒論 1. 概述 聚氨酯 (PU)樹脂是由異氰酸酯與多元醇反應(yīng)制成的一種具有氨基甲酸酯鏈段重復(fù)結(jié)構(gòu)單元的聚合物。所以在很多的領(lǐng)域都有著不可替代的應(yīng)用。由于價(jià)格較低的聚醚多元