【正文】 ........................28 煤氣化工業(yè)的發(fā)展、技術(shù)特征及其產(chǎn)品 ..................................................28 煤氣化工業(yè)企業(yè)風(fēng)險 ..................................................................................31 煤氣化工業(yè)企業(yè)環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價方法 ................................................................32 環(huán)境風(fēng) 險評價程序 ......................................................................................32 事故設(shè)定 ......................................................................................................32 概率估算 ......................................................................................................33 毒物擴散與能量傳遞 ..................................................................................34 風(fēng)險評價 ......................................................................................................41 風(fēng)險管理體系構(gòu)建 ............................................................................................44 風(fēng)險管理對策和措施 ..................................................................................44 政府和企業(yè)的職責(zé) ......................................................................................45 風(fēng)險管理的組織與實施 ..............................................................................47 4 陜西渭化集團基本情況 ..........................................................................................50 渭化集團概況 ....................................................................................................50 主要生產(chǎn)工藝 ....................................................................................................50 3 現(xiàn)有工程 ......................................................................................................50 在建工程 ......................................................................................................51 環(huán)境風(fēng)險 ............................................................................................................53 ........................................................................................................53 有毒氣體泄漏 ..............................................................................................54 5 陜西渭化集團環(huán)境風(fēng)險評價 ..................................................................................55 自然社會環(huán)境 ....................................................................................................55 氣象條件 ......................................................................................................55 社會環(huán)境調(diào)查 ..............................................................................................57 事故設(shè)定 ............................................................................................................58 危險物質(zhì)識別 ..............................................................................................58 重大危險源判斷 ..........................................................................................59 風(fēng)險評價單元劃分 ......................................................................................60 環(huán)境風(fēng)險事故類型 ......................................................................................61 毒物擴散與能量傳遞 ........................................................................................62 泄漏量計算 ..................................................................................................62 爆炸、火災(zāi)對環(huán)境的影響 ..........................................................................64 毒物擴散 ......................................................................................................65 風(fēng)險分析與評價 ................................................................................................70 ....................................................................................................70 風(fēng)險評價 ......................................................................................................70 6 陜西渭化集團風(fēng)險管理體系 ..................................................................................72 環(huán)境風(fēng)險避免措施 ............................................................................................72 環(huán)境風(fēng)險預(yù)防與減緩措施 ................................................................................72 應(yīng)急 預(yù)案 ............................................................................................................73 危險目標的確定 ..........................................................................................73 應(yīng)急救援指揮部的組成、職責(zé) ..................................................................73 事故的應(yīng)急預(yù)案（以液氨儲罐泄漏應(yīng)急預(yù)案為例） ..............................74 風(fēng)險管理制度 ....................................................................................................75 4 7 結(jié)論與建議 ...............................................................................................................77 主要結(jié)論 ............................................................................................................77 需要深化研究的問題 ........................................................................................78 參考文獻： ...................................................................................................................79 致 謝 .......................................................................................................................87 摘 要 煤炭氣化工業(yè)是將原煤經(jīng)過部分氧化轉(zhuǎn)化為粗合成氣，進而作為工業(yè)原料，生產(chǎn)化肥、甲醇、乙醇、二甲醚 、氫氣等產(chǎn)品，是煤炭化學(xué)工業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)、先導(dǎo)和關(guān)鍵。 8 there distribute paratively dense population in the radius of 1000m near the pany, if the accident happens, it may cause a serious consequence. So in order to reduce accident risk, this paper adopt the reduction measures which include cutting down the numbers of storage tanks for liquid ammonia and moving out munity in the radius of 1000m near the pany, and also establish system of risk management. （ 6） In the practice of risk management in Weihe Coal Chemical Co. Group Ltd, the pany will set up management system, and adopt hazards online monitoring and regular checkups, train operation stuffs, establish accident respo