【正文】 的指標(biāo)，是 FDI 的決定因素，這些決定因素的數(shù)據(jù)是從發(fā)展中國家找到的至少 30年以上的。這 些文獻(xiàn)假設(shè) 可能解釋 了 為什么外國直接投資在主辦國家提高人均收入的增長率 （ Calvo and Robles， 2020） 。 后者是最重要的 ：投資者是基于哪些因素才選擇一個地區(qū)開展項(xiàng)目計劃 。外國直接投資的最重要的決定因素是通訊變量。 operations can be integrated into investors39。 (2020) study confirms that the positive association between FDI and Ramp。 另一方面 ,一般來說 ,外國投資者也受到了三 組要素的影響： （ 1）、 項(xiàng)目的盈利能力 ； （ 2）、附屬公司從事的一些經(jīng)營活動， 可以 很容易的 被整合到投資者全球戰(zhàn)略 的操作； （ 3）、東道國對環(huán)境的支持力度。我在討論 FDI對東道國的影響 ，這可以從最近的 研究中看出來（ De Mello， 1997， 1999； Fan， 2020； Lim， 2020）。 這支持了一種觀點(diǎn)，即：有效率的高開放度的環(huán)境會吸引外商直接投資的進(jìn)入。 適當(dāng)?shù)膰鴥?nèi)政策有助 于吸引外商直接投資并且會增加其收益，同時消除其與本地企業(yè)的障礙。外商直接投資帶來了巨大的管理挑戰(zhàn)，這不僅是由于要保障外商的利益，更是為了國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會利益的最大化。一般來說，只有在 FDI 以出口為導(dǎo)向的情況下，廉價的勞動力才做為吸引 FDI進(jìn)入的獎勵 （ Wheeler and Mody， 1992） 。如果我們了解一下 模型的假設(shè)，我們就會發(fā) 現(xiàn)這是可以理解的，這些假設(shè)是：不變的規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)，持續(xù)的邊際產(chǎn)出的降低，完全競爭市場 （ Sass， 2020） ，積極的投入品的替代彈性。 FDI 研究所得的結(jié)果通常都比較敏感，這表明結(jié)果缺乏穩(wěn)健性。D are included. In this respect, Morck and Yeung (1991) hypothesize and provide evidence that FDI creates wealth when an expanding firm possesses intangible assets, such as superior production and management skills, marketing expertise, patents and consumer goodwill. definition The indicators tested in this study are selected on the basis of FDI theories and previous empirical literature. The indicators tested in the panel study and crosssection SUR, are the FDI determinants for which the data have been found for developing countries for at least 30 years. Data sets related to a number of developing countries are sometimes discontinuous for some variables (. not available for all 30 years). For that reason while defining the main determinants of FDI in this study, 24 developing countries for which uninterrupted data sets for 30 years at some variables could be used Developing countries list is reported in the Appendix. Hence, the forecasts related to main determinants of FDI in this study were obtained under these constraints. At the same time, some variables referred as FDI determinants by UNCTAC and used in literature were used in the same sampling. Panel data techniques has been used to estimate the FDI equations because of their advantages over crosssection and time series in using all the information available, which are not detectable in pure crosssections or in pure time series. In this study, the pool data (crosssection time series) has been created for 24 countries over 19752020 periods. T denotes the number of periods and N denotes the number of observations for each period. For making the evidence more reliable, five basic models were set up for analyses. After reliable estimators were derived from SUR and fully modified OLS (FMOLS) models, β convergence model was defined。 therefore, these two mechanisms reinforce each other. The trade effects of FDI depend on whether it is undertaken to gain access to natural resources, to consumer markets or whether the FDI is aimed at exploiting locational parative advantage or other strategic assets such as research and development capabilities. Most developing countries lack technology capability and FDI to facilitate technology transfer and reduce the technology gap (TGAP) between developing countries and developed countries. In fact, it is suggested that spillovers or the external effects from FDI are the most significant channels for the dissemination of modern technology (Blomstrom, 1989). FDI has innumerable other effects on the host country39。 方法：本文基于 24 個發(fā)展中國家 1983 至 2020 年期間面板數(shù)據(jù)研究了外國直接投資的決定因素對 FDI 引入的影響程度。 重要的問題是 “ 為什么公司 要 在海外 進(jìn)行 投資 ？”杜寧（ 1993） ，他通過整合前人提出的理論