【正文】 始人馬歇爾在《經濟學原理》中說到 ， 在自由競爭的市場經濟的假定下 ， 強調了經濟自由主義的觀點 ， 將自由放縱、國家不干涉經濟活動想成是理想的政策。但是 ， 另外一方面它使日本片面擴大出口的貿易思想深深植根到日本經濟之中 ， 為以后日本對外貿易和經濟的發(fā)展留下了隱患。 1978 年 ， 日本對外直接投資金額到了 268億美元 ， 相當于外國對日本直接投資額的 12 倍。 。到 1980 年底 ， 除了農林水產業(yè)、礦業(yè)、石油業(yè)、皮革制品業(yè)以外 ， 日本其它行業(yè)實行了對外國資本的開放。為了防止外國資本進入國內市場對本 國企業(yè)形成控制 ， 政府對外國資本進入也實行嚴格限制 ， 規(guī)定必須由國際貿易和工業(yè)部來審查。國家干預經濟活動經常會來阻礙經濟發(fā)展，限制市場體系的運行 ， 損害消費者的利益。因此 ， 建立適應國際化的市場開放制度，將是日本經濟今后面臨的一個主要問題。s structural reform and market opening, and lags behind the international development of its own economic strength requirements of the Japanese economy in the gradual accumulation of contradictions in the development process, leading the economy into longterm depression. Therefore, the establishment of the open market to meet the international system, the Japanese economy will remain a major issue facing future. Keywords: economic growth, open markets in Japan Introduction June 2020, the Japanese government lowered its economic and financial advisory meeting growth target for the Japanese economy is forecast since the beginning of 2020 two or three years, gross domestic product (GDP) real growth rate of percent, and with the nonperforming loans processing and structural reforms, unemployment will increase by 2 1520 million people, the Japanese economy is still difficult in the short term expectations of the people toward recovery. ① So, what exactly is the crux of the Japanese economy? This paper theory from the open market, through the postwar economic growth in the Japanese practice of market liberalization and the analysis of 90 longterm economic downturn since the root of Japan, as well as market liberalization and economic growth within relationship. Ⅰ .market liberalization and economic growth theory Market economy requires not only within a country to be open, but also for the world to achieve open. In the context of today39。s foreign trade development had to seek new way to change its international isolation in the economic and social. The mid80s, Japan will revitalize the Foreign Trade Policy from the original export, free imports, adjusted to the controlled expansion of exports, encourage the expansion of imports, such as import restrictions to reduce the types of goods, lower tariffs on imported goods, simplify import procedures, and expand import quotas and other measures to strengthen international coordination. The open market policy measures in Japan, its a great role in economic development. First of all, to promote the postwar Japan39。從這個方面來看 ， 市場開放包括競爭和市場機制的理論。 1949 年 ， 日本實行了固定的匯率制度 ，發(fā)展民間直接貿易 ， 日本經濟開始走向國際市場。日本加入經濟合作與發(fā)展組織 (OECD)， 為它向自由經濟體制過渡提供了前提條件。開放市場不僅可以充分利用本國資源 ， 而且可以利用全球資源 ， 在比較優(yōu)勢的基礎上提高資源配置效率 ， 促進產業(yè)及整體經濟實力的增長。因為日本商品競爭力增強 ， 出口迅速增長 ， 對外貿易基本保持順差 ， 日本與歐美發(fā)達國家間的貿易摩擦經常發(fā)生 ， 并且歐美經濟開始出現(xiàn)區(qū)域化傾向 ， 日本不得不為對外貿易的發(fā)展尋求新的出路來改變它在國際經濟社會中的地位。 1960 年它的進口自由化比率大約為 40%， 1962 年增加到 88% ， 到 1974 年是 94%。 二、戰(zhàn)后市場開放對日本經濟增長的作用 實踐得出，一個國家能走上市場經濟的發(fā)展道路 ， 就一定能開展國際貿易。什么時候開放本國市場、為什么開放、以什么樣的形式開放、開放到哪種程度 ， 都是隨著這 個國家生產關系的形成而形成的 ， 并隨著這個關系的發(fā)展而變化。s foreign trade and for the subsequent further development of the economy to stay hidden. 60 years later, the Japanese economy39。s obligation should be mainly to protect society, to protect everyone in the munity, so inviolable, construction