【正文】 與 222XI 成比例的漏磁場的磁場儲能 )2/1( 2LI ，求出后驗證與 39。2 RR ? ， 1239。以此為分析基礎(chǔ)的電路會擁有一個既產(chǎn)生電壓大小的變化，也產(chǎn)生相位移的匝比，其阻抗也會與繞組的阻抗不同。 221? . Consequently, 22212 )/(39。 similarly 139。2I , measurements from the primary terminals would be unable to detect any difference in secondary ampereturns, kVA demand or copper loss, under normal power frequency operation. There is no point in choosing any basis other than equal turns on primary and referred secondary, but it is sometimes convenient to refer the primary to the secondary winding. In this case, if all the subscript 1’s are interchanged for the subscript 2’s, the necessary referring constants are easily found。39。對于這種簡化電路，一次側(cè)和折算后二次側(cè)阻抗可相加，得 221211 )/(Re NNRR ?? 和 221211 )/( NNXXXe ?? 需要指出的是，在此得到的等效電路僅僅適用于電網(wǎng)頻率下的正常運行；一旦電壓變化率產(chǎn)生相當(dāng)大的電容電流 dtCdVIc /? 時必須考慮電容效應(yīng)。但有時將一次側(cè)折算到二次側(cè)倒是方便的，在這種情況下，如果所有下標(biāo)“ 1”的量都變換成了下標(biāo)“ 2”的量，那么很容易得到必需的折算系數(shù)，例如。 例如，折算后的二次繞組的銅耗必須與原二次繞組銅耗相等，否則一次側(cè)提供給其損耗的功率就變了。 我們從一次側(cè)無法判斷是 2I 大， 2N 小，還是 2I 小， 2N 大，正是電流和匝數(shù)的乘積在產(chǎn)生作用。 這 樣 ， 二 次 側(cè) 端 電 壓 降 至 dtdNV S /22 ??? ， 它 可 被 看 成 兩 個 分 量 ， 即dtdNdtdNV m // 2222 ????? ，或者向量形式 222 IjXEV ?? 。 2E 可用于產(chǎn)生負(fù)載電流，該電流的幅值和功率因數(shù)將由而次側(cè)電路的阻抗決定。盡管變化很小，但是如果沒有互感磁通和電動勢的變化來允許一次側(cè)電流變化 ，那么二次側(cè)的需求就無法滿足。 已經(jīng)推出的變壓器二次側(cè)繞組端開路的等效電路，通過加上二次側(cè)電阻和漏抗便可很容易擴展成二次側(cè)負(fù)載時的等效電路。 XNNX ? 。2X ， 39。例如，流過一次側(cè)阻抗的電流不再是整個一次側(cè)電流。 2? , for example, by its demagizing action on m? has caused the changes on the primary side which led to the establishment of primary leakage flux. If a low enough leading power factor is considered, the total secondary flux and the mutual flux are increased causing the secondary terminal voltage to rise with load. p? is unchanged in magnitude from the no load condition since, neglecting resistance, it still has to provide a total back . equal to 1V . It is virtually the same as 11? , though now produced by the bined effect of primary and secondary ampereturns. The mutual flux must still change with load to give a change of 1E and permit more primary current to flow. 1E has increased this time but due to the vector bination with 1V there is still an increase of primary current. Two more points should be made about the figures. Firstly, a unity turns ratio has been assumed for convenience so that 39。 IENNINNEIEk V A ???? . The argument is sound, though at first it may have seemed suspect. In fact, if the actual secondary 7 winding was removed physically from the core and replaced by the equivalent winding and load circuit designed to give the parameters 1N , 39。2V to 2V .All calculations of internal voltage and power losses are made before this ideal transformation is applied. The behaviour of a transformer as detected at both sets of terminals is the same as the behaviour detected at the corresponding terminals of this circuit when the appropriate parameters are inserted. The slig