【正文】 2）由 which , when ,where , how,和 why 引導(dǎo)的 賓語從句，可以全部或部分省略。此時(shí)構(gòu)成連詞(if , unless ,when , whenever)+形容詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。b)Your advice made me happy but(your advice made)Tom 。s of value, 表示“不管其價(jià)值如何”例Here is the article I promise you, for what it39。t be alive 39。s while/a waste of time/money/energy/words)(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)例I39。s while doing/to do… It39。should leaveC./。這類詞后可以用不定式或動(dòng)名詞作賓語，但不可以用that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。例如：正確表達(dá)：It occurred to him that he failed in the ：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.（4）It doesn’t matter how/whether ?結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。建議學(xué)習(xí)者在學(xué)習(xí)英語的初級(jí)階段不要使用“雙解詞典”。第二步：涉及的語法一定弄懂。那么首先給您的忠告是：“一定要堅(jiān)持”、“堅(jiān)持就會(huì)成功”。語法是構(gòu)成英語的骨架，單詞要考語法構(gòu)架的支撐才會(huì)記牢和靈活的應(yīng)用。高中英語單詞學(xué)習(xí)方法在英語單詞學(xué)習(xí)中，利用語音及構(gòu)詞法記憶單詞是最常用及有效的方法。例如詞類(名詞，冠詞，代詞......)還有我們的特殊句式。它們有機(jī)地結(jié)合在課文里。把“I read a novel yesterday．”和“It was extremely Interesting．”這兩個(gè)單句改為“The novel I read yesterday was extremely interesting．”這就是定語從句的單項(xiàng)練習(xí)。如： Try as you would, you might fail as she is,she isn39。s(high)time that……that從句要用虛擬語氣：謂語動(dòng)詞用過去式或should do。動(dòng)詞不定式相當(dāng)于名詞，形容詞，副詞，可做主語，賓語，賓補(bǔ)，表語，定語，狀語（即謂語以外的所有句子成分）；動(dòng)名詞相當(dāng)于名詞，可做主語，賓語，表語，定語；分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，副詞，可做賓補(bǔ)，表語，定語，狀語；（2）語態(tài)：若邏輯主語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，則用主動(dòng)；若邏輯主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，則用被動(dòng)；若邏輯主語既不是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者也不是承受者，則：動(dòng)詞不定式用獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)動(dòng)名詞用復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)分詞用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)舉例：A）動(dòng)詞不定式作主語：To finish my homework is my ：I want to have a wise ：I want you to attend the ：You job is to earn ：He is to go to ：I get up early in order to recite the ：To tell you the turth,I am a ：1:有些賓語的不定式有自己的補(bǔ)語，則應(yīng)用it做形式賓語，而將真正的賓語后置，如：I think it important to study English :不定式一般不做介詞的賓語，除在極少數(shù)介詞后才行（如but,except），此時(shí)動(dòng)詞不定式可帶to也可不帶to，如：He seldom es except(to)see my )動(dòng)名詞做主語：Reading is my ：The old need looking ：I am ：He was looking the hanging ：Alan39。A：Do you know who Edgar Snow was？（一般疑問句；賓語從句）B：Yes，he was an American writer who interviewed Chairman Mao in Beijing．（定語從句）A：Oh，now I remember．He was the author who wrote“Red Star Over China”，wasn39。舉個(gè)極簡(jiǎn)單的例子說，任何人寫或講“My mother studies English．”這一句，決不可把My改作I或Me，也不可把studies改作study或studys，也不可在English前面加上the。每學(xué)一個(gè)項(xiàng)目，首先要把單項(xiàng)練習(xí)練熟，然后過渡到綜合練習(xí)，最后則應(yīng)做到擴(kuò)大運(yùn)用?！保ㄒ浴吨袊?guó)人學(xué)英語》）課文是學(xué)習(xí)英語的“重要基地”。3）：在would rather引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中當(dāng)從句表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼臅r(shí)間時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去式；表示過去的時(shí)間時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)。如：From the valley came a frightening ):為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，或使上下文銜接緊密，表語置于句首時(shí)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)為：表語+連系動(dòng)詞+主語1，“形容詞+連系動(dòng)詞+主語”如:Present at the meeting were my ,“過去分詞+連系動(dòng)詞+主語”如：Gone are the days when we were ,“介詞短語+be+主語”如：Among the goods are flowers and ):部分倒裝：只把系動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主句之前。句型學(xué)習(xí)是通過聽說領(lǐng)先的方法去學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)語法里最常用的語法項(xiàng)目（把它們變?yōu)榫湫腿ゲ倬殻Ｒ虼?，時(shí)間上要做出合理的安排。最后，狀語從句相對(duì)來說比較復(fù)雜，因?yàn)樗N類繁多比較難記。否則，即使知道“回”字有四種寫法，又有什么現(xiàn)實(shí)意義呢?讓語法學(xué)習(xí)生動(dòng)起來有些同學(xué)認(rèn)為語法學(xué)習(xí)十分枯燥無味，是一個(gè)苦差事。而前綴通常會(huì)改變?cè)~義，結(jié)合語音和構(gòu)詞法規(guī)律等，把不同的詞進(jìn)行歸類組合，能夠大大提高學(xué)習(xí)效率。記筆記的另一個(gè)好處是，當(dāng)“混淆不清”的情況出現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，就可以從中找到答案。背單詞最忌諱的習(xí)慣：。培養(yǎng)良好的語感是地道的外語的關(guān)鍵。例如：a)It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the 。，例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one 。同位語從句對(duì)于名詞進(jìn)一步解釋，說明名詞的具體內(nèi)容，一般由that引導(dǎo)，例如：1)The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the )The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the 同位語從句有時(shí)可以不緊跟在它所說明的名詞后面，而是被別的詞隔開。that 。s(about/high)time that we should take 39。clock that he came here yesterday.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)It was 7 o39。t give up!)相當(dāng)于go on,表示“繼續(xù)做，不放棄”例My teacher asked me to keep at it!(Go on!)拼命干, 莽撞 you have done it!(You have done .) you39。t finish the job on time? (91) was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film , that , that , that , then(92) was disappointed with the had expected ______ to be much (93) was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts (94) a fact that English is being accepted as an international (95) was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their (97) hate_____when people talk with their mouths (98) is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you e from or what you (2000) like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.(2004) 13.—Do you like ___ here?—Oh, air, the weather, the way of is so nice.(全國(guó)卷) needed a new cupboard for the Peter made ___ from some wood.(全國(guó)卷) foreign Minister said, “ _____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”(2004北京) is is is is is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.(2004北京) 17.— How often do you eat out?(2004, 天津)— ________, but usually once a no idea depends usual speaking wanted to get home before dark, but it didn39。c)He looked everywhere as if(he was)in search of 。c)Could you tell us the reason(why/that)he was so unhappy ? 你能告訴我們他為什么如此不高興嗎？3）當(dāng)先行詞為表示方式的 the way 時(shí)，從句不能用 how 來引導(dǎo)，應(yīng)該用that 或 in which，或?qū)⑺鼈內(nèi)渴÷?。s birthday party ，我昨天沒有去參加瑪麗的生日聚會(huì)。如：a)This is the first time(when/that)he had trouble with the 。b)Work hard when(you are)young ,or you39。s up to you.“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配專練 it during the Second World War_____ he died? which(88) ____ necessary to plete the design before National Day? (89) don39。ll really catch it form our teacher if we39。在使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時(shí)需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity？，只能強(qiáng)調(diào)由because所引導(dǎo)的從句例It was because he was ill that he didn39。s(just)(un)like do?（不）像某人做某事的風(fēng)格例It was(just)like him to think of helping 39。what 。另外，常用的還有the reason is that? 和It is because 等結(jié)構(gòu)。(3)動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語＋賓語從句。而it引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句則是對(duì)句子某一部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，無論強(qiáng)調(diào)的是什么成分，都可用連詞that。第三步：至少花一個(gè)小時(shí)把這篇文章讀得爛熟。要想學(xué)習(xí)地道的英語，每天都要做的三件事：讀單詞，背語法，讀文章準(zhǔn)備工作：挑選一篇文章，根據(jù)自己的水平選擇長(zhǎng)度和難度第一步：生詞讀熟，但不一定非得背會(huì)。三、對(duì)付“混淆不清”的方法您應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)自己的學(xué)習(xí)成果做一個(gè)詳細(xì)的記錄，也就是采用記筆記的方式來加強(qiáng)記憶。歸納能養(yǎng)成學(xué)習(xí)者獨(dú)立思考的習(xí)慣和認(rèn)知處理能力，在詞匯學(xué)習(xí)過程中尋找和總結(jié)單詞變形的特點(diǎn)，激發(fā)個(gè)人的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。不要死摳語法有些同學(xué)，往往把主要時(shí)間都用在做語法選擇題上，死摳語法的細(xì)枝末節(jié)，非要把活生生的語言肢解成一堆語法術(shù)語，結(jié)果走火入魔，無法自拔，不但嚴(yán)重影響聽說讀寫綜合技能的發(fā)展和提高，還使自己痛苦不堪，喪失學(xué)習(xí)的信心。其次，名詞性從句掌握好它的四種子從句，學(xué)會(huì)判斷各種從句以及斷句。進(jìn)行句型操練，既需要“滾雪球”（復(fù)習(xí)已學(xué)的項(xiàng)目），也需要“打埋伏”（預(yù)先練一下將來要學(xué)習(xí)的項(xiàng)目）。我國(guó)的英語學(xué)習(xí)者大多是十多歲的青少年，或者理解力較強(qiáng)，或者模仿力較強(qiáng)，在沒有英語環(huán)境的情況下，學(xué)習(xí)語法，了解所學(xué)語言的規(guī)則，可以縮短學(xué)習(xí)過程，掌握英語的規(guī)律，盡快提高聽、說、讀、寫、譯的能力。如：Now es your ：當(dāng)代詞作主語時(shí)，主謂語序不變。在賓語從句中1）：在一些表示“堅(jiān)持，命令，要求，建議”的詞（如insist,mand,order,require,request,desire,demand,advise,suggest,propose)后面接的賓語從句用should do,should可省略。（2）結(jié)合課文去學(xué)呂叔湘先生說過：“與其多讀語法書