【正文】 An acceptance must ply with the requirements of the offer is to the promise to be made or the performance to be rendered.承諾應(yīng)按照要約對(duì)允諾或義務(wù)履行的要求作出。167。(2) Except as stated in 167。41. Lapse of Time期間屆滿(1) An offeree39。167。 Effect of Performance or Reliance條款的選擇與確定性；義務(wù)履行或信賴的效力167。拍賣人向所有連續(xù)的出價(jià)人發(fā)出要約邀請(qǐng)，出價(jià)人可以承諾或拒絕；24. Offer Defined要約的定義An offer is the manifestation of willingness to enter into a bargain, so made a s to justify another person in understanding that his assent to that bargain is invited and will conclude it. 要約就是以交易磋商為目的而為意思表示，使得他人合理地認(rèn)為該意思表示被邀請(qǐng)并且該交易將要進(jìn)行。(b) that party has no reason to know of any different meaning attached by the other, and the other has reason to know the meaning attached by the first party.該當(dāng)事人沒(méi)有理由知道另一方當(dāng)事人所指的不同含義， 而另一方當(dāng)事人有理由知道第一方當(dāng)事人所指的含義。(2) The conduct of a party is not effective as a manifestation of his assent unless he intends to engage in the conduct and knows or has reason to know that the other party may infer from his conduct that he assents.一方當(dāng)事人以行為作出的意思表示是無(wú)效的，除非他有意實(shí)施這一行為，并且知道或有理由知道他方當(dāng)事人可以從他的行為中推斷出他有此締約意思。Chapter 3 FORMATION OF CONTRACTSMUTUAL ASSENT第三章 合同的訂立——意思表示一致14. Infants未成年人Unless a statute provides otherwise , a natual person has the capacity to incur only voidable contractual duties until the beginning of the day before the person’s eighteenth birthday.除非法令另有規(guī)定，自然人在18 歲生日之前只具有創(chuàng)設(shè)可撤消合同義務(wù)的行為能力。A contract may be formed between two or more persons acting as a unit and one or more but fewer than all of these persons, acting either singly or with other persons. 在由兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的人共同代表的一個(gè)單位和這些人中的一個(gè)或部分多數(shù)之間可以締結(jié)合同，這些人可以單獨(dú)地或者同他人一起行事。7. Voidable contracts可撤消的合同A voidable contract is one where one or more parties have the power, by a manifestation of election to do so, to avoid the legal relations created by the contract, or by ratification of the contract to extinguish the power of avoidance.如果合同的一方或多方當(dāng)事人有權(quán)通過(guò)意思表示，或通過(guò)訂立一個(gè)取消撤消權(quán)的合同，撤消該合同已經(jīng)建立的法律關(guān)系，則該合同為可撤消的合同。3. AGREEMENT DEFINED。CHAPTER 14 CONTRACT BENEFICIARIES第十四章 合同受益人 合同的訂立——意思表示一致CHAPTER 11 IMPRACTICABILITY OF PERFORMANCE ANDFRUSTRATION OF PURPOSE第十一章 履行不能和履行目的落空6. Formal Contracts要式合同The following types of contracts are subject in some respects to special rules that depend on their formal characteristics and differ from those governing contracts in general:下列類型的合同根據(jù)其形式上的特征，在某些方面受不同于一般合同規(guī)則的法律規(guī)則的調(diào)整：13. Persons Affected by Guardianship受監(jiān)護(hù)的人 A person has no capacity to incur contractual duties if his property is under guardianship by reason of an adjudication of mental illness or defect. 如果一個(gè)人由于被判決存在精神疾病或精神缺陷，其財(cái)產(chǎn)處于監(jiān)管之中，則該人沒(méi)有創(chuàng)設(shè)合同義務(wù)的行為能力。(a) he is unable to understand in a reasonable manner the nature and consequences of the transaction, or他不能以正常方式理解此項(xiàng)交易的性質(zhì)以及會(huì)產(chǎn)生的后果，或者167。(a) that party does not know of any different meaning attached by the other, and the other knows the meaning attached by the first party。167。36如果受要約人的承諾能力依據(jù)167。3849, the power of acceptance under an option contract is not terminated by rejection or counteroffer, by revocation, or by death or incapacity of the offeror, unless the requirements are met for the discharge of a contractual duty.雖然有167。40. Time When Rejection or Courteroffer Terminates the Power of Acceptance Rejection or counteroffer by mail or telegram does not terminate the power of acceptance until received by the offeror, but limits the power so that a letter or telegram of acceptance started after the sending of an otherwise effective rejection or counteroffer is only a counteroffer unless the acceptance is received by the offeror before he receives the rejection or counteroffer.拒絕或反要約終止承諾能力的時(shí)間 如果受約人通過(guò)郵件或電報(bào)拒絕要約或提出反要約，則在要約人收到之前，受要約人的承諾能力雖然并不終止，但是有所限制，以便于承諾的郵件或電報(bào)在相反、有效的要約拒絕或反要約發(fā)送之后是唯一的反要約，除非要約人在收到要約拒絕或反要約之前收到此承諾。167。 Acceptance by Performance。 by Performance Manifestation of Intention Not to Accept通過(guò)履行義務(wù)作出不予承諾的意思表示(b) the offeror learns of the performance within a reasonable time, or要約人在合理的期間內(nèi)知曉了義務(wù)的履行，或A reply to an offer which purports to accept it but is conditional on the offeror39。167。(3) Acceptance by a promise requires that the offeree plete every act essential to the making of the promise. 通過(guò)允諾作出承諾要求受要約人完成每一個(gè)對(duì)發(fā)出允諾具有重要意義的行 為。 167。An offer’s power of revocation is not limited by the deposit of money or other property to be forfeited in the event of revocation, but the deposit may be for feited to the extent that it is not a penalty.167。(2) What is a reasonable time is a question of fact, depending on all the circumstances existing when the offer and attempted acceptance are made.什么是合理的時(shí)間，這屬于一個(gè)事實(shí)問(wèn)題，要隨發(fā)出要約和試圖作出承諾時(shí)的情況而定。(a) rejection or counteroffer by the offeree, or受要約人拒絕要約或提出反要約，或(2) Part performance under an agreement may remove uncertainty and establish that a contract enforceable as a bargain has been formed.部分履行的合同具有確定性，并且表明作為交易的可執(zhí)行合同已經(jīng)成立。(c) whether or not the auction is without reserve, a bidder may withdraw his bid until the auctioneer’s announcement of pletion of the sale, but a bidder’s retraction does not revieve any previous bid.不管該拍賣是否是無(wú)保留低價(jià)之拍賣，競(jìng)買人可以在拍賣人宣布成交之前可以撤回競(jìng)價(jià)，但是競(jìng)買人撤回競(jìng)價(jià)的行為不得使先前的出價(jià)生效。25. Option Contracts選擇權(quán)合同An option contract is a promise which meets the requirements for the formation of a contract and limits the promisor’s power to revoke an offer.如果一個(gè)允諾符合了訂立合同的條件，并且限制允諾人撤回要約，則該允諾即構(gòu)成選擇權(quán)合同。21. INTENTION TO BE LEGALLY BOUND具有法律拘束力的意圖Neither real nor apparent intention that a promise be legally binding is essential to the formation of a contract, but a manifestation of intention that a promise shall not affect legal relations may prevent the formation of a contract.當(dāng)事人有關(guān)允諾具有法律拘束力的意圖無(wú)論是真實(shí)的還是表面的，對(duì)于合同的締結(jié)并不重要，但是如果當(dāng)事人作出允諾并不影響當(dāng)事人法律關(guān)系的意思表示，則當(dāng)事人之間的合同并不成立。在這種情況下所締結(jié)的合同可以基于欺詐、錯(cuò)誤或其他無(wú)效的理由被撤消。15. Mental Illness or Defect有精神病或精神缺陷的人(1) A person incurs only voidable contractual duties by entering into a transaction if by re