【正文】 在方式狀語thus開頭的句子中及程度狀語so放句首Thus ended his 。（使句子更加流暢，更加生動）情 況例 句說 明含有否定意義的副詞或連詞放在句首時Never before have we seen such a sight.Not until New Year’s Day shall I give you a gift.Not only was everything that he had taken away from him, but also his German citizenship.Hardly had he seem me when he ran away.常用否定詞有: never, not, hardly, scarcely seldom, little, not until, not only…but also, no sooner …than, hardly (scarcely)…when等。如果將謂語的全部或一部分放在主語之前，這種語序稱為“倒裝”。 例如： Please pass me the book whose cover is red.（指物） The lawyer whose name is Wang Jin lives in Nanjing.（指人） 3）which, that所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可做主語、賓語等。也就是說要看先行詞在定語從句中擔(dān)任什么成分 試比較： I will never forget the day (which/that) I spent in Hongkong. ( spent是及物動詞，后缺賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞或省略 ) I will never forget the day when/on which Hongkong returned to its motherland. （ 從句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞 ） The reason （that/which）he gave for not ing to school yesterday is unbelievable. ( gave是及物動詞，后缺賓語，因此用關(guān)系代詞或省略 ) The reason why he didn’t e to school yesterday is unbelievable. （ 從句主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)完整，缺狀語，因此用關(guān)系副詞或介詞加關(guān)系代詞 ） 3. 關(guān)系代詞that與which；that與who的一些特殊用法： 指物時，關(guān)系代詞that和which一般情況下可換用，但以下幾種情況下一般用that：1）先行詞是all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代詞；或是先行詞被all, every, some, any, no, few, little等修飾時： Is there anything (that) I can do for you in town? 注：當(dāng)something確指某物或某事時，用that或which都可以，如： There is something that/which keeps worrying me. “有一件事一直令我不安?！皌here be”結(jié)構(gòu)中There are three wells in our village.There stands a big paper making factory by the river.在以here, there, now,then, in, up,away, down等副詞開頭的句中Here is a letter for 。直接引語的全部或一部分放在句首時“He is a clever boy”said the teacher.“Go, Dick, go!”cried Tom,“Go home and get help” “What do you think of the film? ”he asked. “I’m leaving for Hongkong next month”Mary told me yesterday.主句主語和謂語次序顛倒，用完全倒裝。Nearby were two canoes in which they had e to the island.附近有兩只他們來這個島乘坐的獨木船。確實如此。但如果主語是代詞則用正常語序。而定語從句去掉了It be… that后句子就不完整了。 第二講 定語從句與倒裝句一、復(fù)習(xí)：虛擬語氣1) I wish _______________ (我年輕的時候有你們這樣的機(jī)會). 2) If only _______________ (他知道這病是可以治好的)! Then he would not have killed himself.3) —— Would you like him to paint your door with yellow stars?—— I’d rather he ______________ _ (漆成藍(lán)色的，而且不帶任何裝飾). 4) It’s high time that ______________ _ (采取措施解決交通堵塞的問題). 5) Hugh usually talks ______________ _ (仿佛在大會上發(fā)表演說似的). 6) We insist that _______________ (讓杰