【正文】
結(jié)束語 樓宇自動化控制技術(shù)在我國還是一個新興的技術(shù)領(lǐng)域,隨著更多智能建筑的出現(xiàn),將有更加先進(jìn)的技術(shù)補(bǔ)充到這一領(lǐng)域中,使這一技術(shù)更加成熟、完善。3.2.1過程輸出通道由模擬量輸出和數(shù)字量輸出兩部分組成。安裝于中央控制室的中央管理計(jì)算機(jī)具有CRT顯示、打印輸出、豐富的軟件管理和很強(qiáng)的數(shù)字通信功能,能完成集中操作、顯示、報(bào)警、打印與優(yōu)化控制等任務(wù),避免了常規(guī)儀表控制分散后人機(jī)聯(lián)系困難、無法統(tǒng)一管理的缺點(diǎn),保證設(shè)備在最佳狀態(tài)下運(yùn)行。樓宇自動化系統(tǒng)也叫建筑設(shè)備自動化系統(tǒng)(BuildingAutomationSystem簡稱BAS),是智能建筑不可缺少的一部分,其任務(wù)是對建筑物內(nèi)的能源使用、環(huán)境、交通及安全設(shè)施進(jìn)行監(jiān)測、控制等,以提供一個既安全可靠,又節(jié)約能源,而且舒適宜人的工作或居住環(huán)境。(5)實(shí)現(xiàn)對大樓內(nèi)各種機(jī)電設(shè)備的統(tǒng)一管理、協(xié)調(diào)控制。3.1.1設(shè)了為采樣周期(與系統(tǒng)時間常數(shù)相比,T足夠小),k為采樣序號(k=0,1,2,……),可用矩形法計(jì)算而積以差分代替微分式中e(k)——第k次采樣所得偏差值e(k1)——第(k1)次采樣所得偏差值u(k)——第k時刻的控制量上式中的采樣周期T越小(與系統(tǒng)時間常數(shù)比較而言),則被控過程與連續(xù)控制過程越接近,又稱為“準(zhǔn)連續(xù)控制”。建筑設(shè)備自動化系統(tǒng)常用的有總線網(wǎng)和環(huán)網(wǎng),在兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中任意兩節(jié)點(diǎn)通信可直接通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行,各節(jié)點(diǎn)處于平等地位。不奮斗就是每天都很容易,可一年一年越來越難。5其基本結(jié)構(gòu)功能如圖3所示,圖中現(xiàn)場控制站、數(shù)據(jù)采集站、工程師站、操作員站、監(jiān)控計(jì)算機(jī)和管理計(jì)算機(jī)通過數(shù)據(jù)通信網(wǎng)絡(luò)被有機(jī)地結(jié)合起來,組成分級分布控制系統(tǒng)。過程控制計(jì)算機(jī)直接承擔(dān)運(yùn)算和控制任務(wù),首先通過過程輸入通道采集被控對象的各種參數(shù)信號,再根據(jù)預(yù)定的控制規(guī)律(如PID)進(jìn)行運(yùn)算,然后向被控對象發(fā)出控制信號,再通過輸出通道直接控制調(diào)節(jié)閥等執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu)。它的特征是“集中管理分散控制”,即用分布在現(xiàn)場被控設(shè)備處的微型計(jì)算機(jī)控制裝置(DDC)完成被控設(shè)備的實(shí)時檢測和控制任務(wù),克服了計(jì)算機(jī)集中控制帶來的危險性高度集中的不足和常規(guī)儀表控制功能單一的局限性。引言(6)能源管理:水、電、氣等的計(jì)量收費(fèi)、實(shí)現(xiàn)能源管理自動化。直接數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)的組成直接數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)主要由過程輸入通道、過程控制計(jì)算機(jī)、過程輸出通道三部分組成。3.2(3)網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信協(xié)議什么是奮斗?奮斗就是每天很難,可一年一年卻越來越容易。②具有良好的實(shí)時性。因此,將模擬調(diào)節(jié)規(guī)律離散化的數(shù)字PID算法,已被工業(yè)過程計(jì)算機(jī)控制系統(tǒng)普遍采用,成為DDC系統(tǒng)的基本算法。計(jì)算機(jī)通過模擬量輸入通道(AI)和開關(guān)量輸入通道(DI)采集實(shí)時數(shù)據(jù),然后按照一定的規(guī)律進(jìn)行計(jì)算,最后發(fā)出控制信號,并通過模擬量輸出通道(AO)和開關(guān)量輸出通道(DO)直接控制生產(chǎn)過程。(2)自動檢測、顯示、打印各種機(jī)電設(shè)備的運(yùn)行參數(shù)及其變化趨勢或歷史數(shù)據(jù)。根據(jù)我國行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),BAS又可分為設(shè)備運(yùn)行管理與監(jiān)控子系統(tǒng)和消防與安全防范子系統(tǒng),如圖所示。直接數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)(DDC)直接數(shù)字控制系統(tǒng)(Direct后者把計(jì)算機(jī)輸出的開關(guān)信號,經(jīng)放大器去驅(qū)動電磁閥和繼電器執(zhí)行器,它由接口電器、光電耦合器、放大器和執(zhí)行器組成。(1)控制網(wǎng)絡(luò)特點(diǎn)本論文未全部顯示,總約有21435字,查看全文Abstract: This paper describes the building automation system ponents, functions, and principles of software and hardware technology, history, and related products are briefly introduced the reader of this system has a prehensive understanding of relevant professional designers for the program designed to provide a theoretical frame of reference. Keywords: building automation system, the core principle of the basic functions of hardware and software technologies1 Introduction to Building Automation System, also known as building automation system (BuildingAutomationSystem referred to as BAS), is an integral part of intelligent building, its task is the building39。s basic functions can be summarized as follows: (1) automatic monitoring and control of various electrical and mechanical equipment, the stop, display or print the current operating state. (2) automatic detection, display, print a variety of electrical and mechanical equipment operating parameters and changes in trends or historical data. (3) According to external conditions, environmental factors, the change automatically adjust the load of equipment, so that is always running in top condition. (4) monitoring and timely processing of all accident emergencies(5) to achieve a variety of electrical and mechanical equipment on building a unified management, coordination and control. (6) Energy management: water, electricity, gas metering and charging, etc., to achieve energy management automation. (7) Equipment Management: including device files, equipment operation and equipment maintenance management reports. 3, the principle of building automation control sy