【正文】 檢測的第一步有時(shí)被稱為單元檢測 (unittesting)。這個(gè)過程叫做分解 (deposition)。我發(fā)現(xiàn)在工作中我遇到的大多數(shù)困難都是對所要解決問題的理解。但 MATLAB 能夠節(jié)省大量的時(shí)間在科技編程方面，故 MATLAB 在商業(yè)編程過程中是節(jié)省成本的。 除了植入 MATLAB 基本語言中的大量函數(shù)，還有許多專用工具箱，以幫助用戶解決在具體領(lǐng)域的復(fù)雜問題。所以從大量可利用的函數(shù)中篩選出你所需要的函數(shù)就顯得尤為重要。 MATLAB 是一個(gè)龐大的程序，擁有難以置信的各種豐富的函數(shù)；即使基本版本的 MATLAB 語言擁有的函數(shù)也比其他的工程編程語言要豐富的多。例如，假設(shè)你正在編寫一個(gè)程序，這個(gè)程序要求你必須計(jì)算與輸入有關(guān)的統(tǒng)計(jì)量。這個(gè)問題可以通過合理的 MATLAB 結(jié)構(gòu)得到緩解，也可以在發(fā)行廣泛使用前編譯出 MATLAB 程序。但是當(dāng)我們解決的問題變得越來越大的時(shí)侯，這個(gè)步驟將會(huì)變得異常重要。 法 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 圖 1 算法是指為某個(gè)問題找到答案一步接一步的程序。用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的輸入值檢測程序，看它是否產(chǎn)生了值。 程序第一步的聯(lián)合通常只包括很少的子 程序。在問題被分解成小塊之后，每一個(gè)小塊要被進(jìn)一步的求精，這個(gè)過程叫做逐步求精 (stepwise refinement)。我們現(xiàn)在向大家介紹這些在圖 1 說明的步驟細(xì)節(jié)。學(xué)生版的 MATLAB和完全版的MATLAB 是基本一致的。當(dāng) MATLAB 運(yùn)行時(shí)，這些標(biāo)繪圖和圖片將會(huì)出現(xiàn)在這臺電腦的圖像輸出設(shè)備中。和 BASIC 一樣，它簡單易用程序可用作便箋簿求打在命令行處表達(dá)式的值，也可執(zhí)行預(yù)先寫好的大型程序。但在以后的幾年內(nèi)，它逐漸發(fā) 展為一種極其靈活的計(jì)算體系，用于解決各種重要的技術(shù)問題。在一個(gè)平臺上編寫的程序，在其它平臺上一樣可以正常運(yùn)行，在一個(gè)平臺上編寫的數(shù)據(jù)文件在其它平臺上一樣可以編譯。當(dāng)我們遇到執(zhí)行速度慢的程序時(shí)，我們將會(huì)指出其這一特性。對于一個(gè)大的程序來說，在編寫代碼之前你要通盤的思考你所要面臨 的問題和解決的方法。 指定輸入量和輸出量，只有這樣新的程序才能適應(yīng)全過程計(jì)劃。 MATLAB 程序 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 這一步是真正的攔路虎。在每一次組合的過程中，每一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤都會(huì)被發(fā)現(xiàn)并在進(jìn)行下一次組合之前糾正過來。在算法開發(fā)過程中，這個(gè)方法是非常有用的。像這樣的要求就不夠清楚，程序員就很難編出一個(gè)使他滿意的程序。我們也會(huì)向大家介紹一些普通的算法開發(fā)工具即偽代碼。利用MATLAB 的這種功能，程序員可以設(shè)計(jì)出相對于無經(jīng)驗(yàn)的用戶可以操作的復(fù)雜的數(shù)據(jù)分析程序。許多的編程工具使得 MATLAB 十分簡單易用。本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 外文原文 Introduction to MATLAB MATLAB (short for Matrix Laboratory) is a specialpurpose puter program optimized to perform engineering and scientific calculations. It started life has a program designed to perform matrix mathematics, but over the years it has grown into a flexible puting system capable of solving essentially any technical problem. The MATLAB program implements the MATLAB programming language and provides an extensive library of predefined functions that make technical programming tasks easier and more efficient. This book introduces the MATLAB language and shows how to use it to solve typical technical problems. MATLAB is a huge program, with an incredibly rich variety of functions. Even the basic version of MATLAB without any toolkits is much richer than other technical programming languages. There are more than 1000 functions in the basic MATLAB product alone， and the toolkits extend this capability with many more functions in various specialties. This book makes no attempt to introduce the user to all of MALTLAB′s own tools to locate the correct function for a specific purpose from the enormous choice available. Advantages of MATLAB MATLAB has many advantages pared with conventional puter languages for technical problem solving. Among them are the following: 1. Ease of Use MATLAB is an interpreted language, like many versions of Basic. Like Basic, it is very easy to use. The program can be used as a scratch pad to evaluate expressions typed at the mand line, or it can be used to execute large prewritten programs. Programs may be easily written and modified with the builtin integrated development environment, and debugged with the MATLAB debugger. Because the language is so easy to use, it is ideal for educational use, and for the rapid prototyping of new programs. Many program development tools are provided to make the program easy to use. a workspace browser, and extensive demos. 2. Platform independence MATLAB is supported on many different puter systems, providing a large measure of platform independence. At the time of this writing, the language is 本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)（論文 ） 外文翻譯 supported on windows 9x/NT/2020 and many different versions of UNIX. Programs written on any platform will run on all of the other platforms, and data files written on any platform may be read transparently on any other platforms, AS a