【正文】 mmitment ?Increasing or continuing a mitment to previous decision despite mounting evidence that the decision may have been wrong. ? The Role of Intuition ?Intuitive decision making ?Making decisions on the basis of experience, feelings, and accumulated judgment. 15 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Decision Making ? Decision ?Making a choice from two or more alternatives. ? The DecisionMaking Process ?Identifying a problem and decision criteria and allocating weights to the criteria. ?Developing, analyzing, and selecting an alternative that can resolve the problem. ?Implementing the selected alternative. ?Evaluating the decision’s effectiveness. 7 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. L E A R N I N G O U T L I N E Follow this Learning Outline as you read and study this chapter. The DecisionMaking Process ? Define decision and decisionmaking process. ? Describe the eight steps in the decisionmaking process. ? Explain the challenges managers face in identifying problems. ? Discuss why decision criteria are important in the decisionmaking process. ? Describe how managers develop, analyze, and select alternatives. ? Explain what happens during implementation and evaluation. 2 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Step 4: Developing Alternatives ? Identifying viable alternatives ?Alternatives are listed (without evaluation) that can resolve the problem. Step 5: Analyzing Alternatives ? Appraising each alternative’s strengths and weaknesses ?An alternative’s appraisal is based on its ability to resolve the issues identified in steps 2 and 3. 10 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * Policy, Procedure, and Rule Example ? Policy ?Accept all customerreturned merchandise. ? Procedure ?Follow all steps for pleting merchandise return documentation. ? Rules ?Managers must approve all refunds over $. ?No credit purchases are refunded for cash. 18 Copyright 169。 2023 Prentice Hall, Inc. All rights reserved. * DecisionMaking Biases and Errors (cont’d) ? Framing Bias ? Selecting and highlighting certain aspects of a situation while ignoring other aspects. ? Availability Bias ? Losing decisionmaking objectivity by focusing on the most recent events. ? Representation Bias ? Drawing analogies and seeing identical situations when none exist. ? Randomness Bias ? Creating unfounded meaning out of random events. 26 Copyright 169。 19:44:0519:44:0519:44Monday, January 23, 2023 1乍見(jiàn)翻疑夢(mèng)，相悲各問(wèn)年。 :44:0519:44Jan2323Jan23 1世間成事，不求其絕對(duì)圓滿，留一份不足，可得無(wú)限完美。 19:44:0519:44:0519:441/23/2023 7:44:05 PM 1越是沒(méi)有本領(lǐng)的就越加自命不凡。 下午 7時(shí) 44分 5秒 下午 7時(shí) 44分 19:44: MOMODA POWERPOINT Lorem ipsum dolor sit, eleifend nulla ac, fringilla purus. Nulla iaculis tempor felis amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Fusce id urna blanditut cursus. 感謝您的下載觀看 專家告訴