[考研英語(yǔ)]英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)(更新版)
【正文】 ts are called the allophones of that phoneme. 音位變體是一個(gè)音位在特定的語(yǔ)音環(huán)境力的具體體現(xiàn)， 同一音位在不同語(yǔ)音環(huán)境里體現(xiàn)為不同的變體，也就是語(yǔ)音?！ arrow transcription: the transcription with diacritics. 但實(shí)際上， 同一語(yǔ)音在不通的語(yǔ)音環(huán)境中的發(fā)音不盡相同， 比如Pit和spit中的/P/音發(fā)音就不一樣。 it is based on high written language Synchronic vs. diachronic 共時(shí)性與歷史性 The description of a language at some point in time is a synchronic study The description of a language as it changes through time is a diachronic study In modern linguistics, synchronic study seems to enjoy priority over diachronic study. Speech and writing 口頭語(yǔ)與書(shū)面語(yǔ) Speech enjoys priority over writing in modern linguistics study for the following reasons: （1） speech precedes writing in terms of evolution ?。?） a large amount of munication is carried out in speech tan in writing ?。?） speech is the form in which infants acquire their native language Language and parole 語(yǔ)言與言語(yǔ) Language refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech munity Parole refers to the realization of language in actual use Competence and performance 能力與運(yùn)用 Chomsky defines petence as the ideal users39。 its investigations are based on authentic, and mainly spoken data. Traditional grammar is prescriptive。雙元音） The constants 輔音 Broad transcription: transcription with lettersymbols only. （in dictionaries and teaching textbooks） 用一個(gè)符號(hào)來(lái)表示一個(gè)語(yǔ)音的標(biāo)音方式叫做寬式標(biāo)音法，這種音標(biāo)法常見(jiàn)于詞典和教科書(shū)?！ honology is concerned with the speech sounds which distinguish meaning. 音位是音系學(xué)研究的單位，是抽象的概念， 每一個(gè)音位是一組語(yǔ)音特征的集合體，音位具有區(qū)別意義的
電大資料相關(guān)推薦
鄂ICP備17016276號(hào)-1