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ased the personnel39。通過(guò)查詢圖書,翻閱資料,在網(wǎng)上搜索資料,和老師、同學(xué)溝通,我順利完成了自己的畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)。沒(méi)有進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)仿真,很多隱藏的問(wèn)題就沒(méi)辦法進(jìn)行很好的解決。本軟件包適用于三菱(MITSUBISHI FA)FX0N/1N/1S/2N/2NC、AnS/AnA、MELSEC全系列工控PLC系統(tǒng)的程序編制 主程序,氣沖,氣沖,氣沖圖4 2梯形圖結(jié)論和展望時(shí)光流逝,不知不覺我的大學(xué)生涯即將結(jié)束,畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)也接近尾聲。所以有些設(shè)備就做了電流保護(hù)模塊。通常應(yīng)用于自動(dòng)化的控制電路中,它實(shí)際上是用小電流去控制大電流運(yùn)作的一種“自動(dòng)開關(guān)”。 圖3 4接觸器 指示燈選擇LED發(fā)光二極管優(yōu)點(diǎn):壽命長(zhǎng)、耗能低,價(jià)格低廉,應(yīng)用非常靈活,控制極為方便,只要調(diào)整電流,就可以隨意調(diào)光,不同光色的組合變化多端。圖3 1三菱FX2N64MR001水位控制器是指通過(guò)機(jī)械式或電子式的方法來(lái)進(jìn)行高低水位的控制,可以控制電磁閥、水泵等,成為水位自動(dòng)控制器或水位報(bào)警器,從而來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)半自動(dòng)化或者全自動(dòng)化。us。電磁式繼電器是一種機(jī)電元件,通過(guò)機(jī)械動(dòng)作來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)觸點(diǎn)的通斷,是有觸點(diǎn)元件。 計(jì)數(shù)器的設(shè)定值可以在編程時(shí)設(shè)定,也可以在運(yùn)行過(guò)程中根據(jù)需要進(jìn)行修改。 PLC的選型 控制功能邏輯控制功能是PLC最基本功能之一,是PLC最基本的應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域,可取代傳統(tǒng)的繼電器控制系統(tǒng),實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯控制和順序控制。2. 保證PLC控制系統(tǒng)安全可靠保證PLC控制系統(tǒng)能夠長(zhǎng)期安全、可靠、穩(wěn)定運(yùn)行,是設(shè)計(jì)控制系統(tǒng)的重要原則。(2)清洗液注滿后進(jìn)行氣沖,即內(nèi)外圈同時(shí)充入大量氣體使桶內(nèi)清洗液“沸騰”,用氣泡破裂的力量清洗酒桶內(nèi)壁,排液時(shí)內(nèi)外圈同時(shí)排液。本設(shè)備就是在這種情況下萌生的設(shè)計(jì),既然是將投入應(yīng)用,同樣是清洗消毒的設(shè)備,那就要考慮其性能比,,所用的材料都考慮了使用條件和范圍以及所需費(fèi)用,其工作過(guò)程為桶定位—排殘酒—清水清洗—?dú)鉀_—消毒液清洗——?dú)鉀_—無(wú)菌水清洗——?dú)鉀_——CO2備壓—停止。該設(shè)備可以自動(dòng)完成清洗消毒及CO2備壓等全部工序??删幊炭刂破?,簡(jiǎn)稱PLC。為此要解決因汽車不斷改型而重新設(shè)計(jì)汽車裝配線上各種繼電器的控制線路問(wèn)題,要尋求一種比繼電器更可靠,響應(yīng)速度更快,功能更強(qiáng)大的通用工業(yè)控制器。s application. Key Words: PLC Piping Cleaning Machine目 錄摘 要 IAbstract II目 錄 III插圖清單 V表格清單 VI引言 1第1章 緒論 2 2 本課題設(shè)計(jì)的內(nèi)容 2 3第2章 系統(tǒng)總體設(shè)計(jì)方案 4 清洗機(jī) 4 清洗機(jī)的用途特點(diǎn) 4 4 4 5第3章 PLC控制系統(tǒng)方案設(shè)計(jì) 6 PLC控制系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的基本原則 6 PLC的選型 6 控制功能 6 I/O模塊及點(diǎn)數(shù) 7 PLC輸出類型選擇 7 8 8 接觸器 9 指示燈選擇 9 9 保護(hù)措施/繼電器 9 線圈保護(hù)裝置 10第4章 系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì) 11 PLC控制電路設(shè)計(jì) 11 I/O口分配表 11 電氣原理圖 12 13 編程軟件 13 主程序 13結(jié)論和展望 26致謝 27參考文獻(xiàn) 28附錄A:外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文 29附錄B:主要文獻(xiàn)摘要 37插圖清單圖2 1清洗機(jī) 4圖3 1三菱FX2N64MR001 8圖3 2水位控制器 8圖3 3電磁閥 8圖3 4接觸器 9圖3 5空氣開關(guān) 9圖3 6 線圈保護(hù)裝置 10圖41電氣原理圖 13圖4 2梯形圖 25表格清單表4 1I/O口分配表 1137 / 44引言啤酒灌裝的形式有瓶裝(玻璃、聚酯塑料)、罐(聽)裝、桶裝等,其中國(guó)內(nèi)瓶裝熟啤酒所占比例最大,近年來(lái)瓶裝純生啤酒的生產(chǎn)量逐步增大,旺季桶裝啤酒的銷售形勢(shì)也比較樂(lè)觀。本設(shè)備適用桶的尺寸為高度H360—H560,直徑Φ250—Φ500。由于可編程控制器在工業(yè)控制方面的應(yīng)用意義日趨明顯,已在機(jī)械制造、發(fā)電、化工、電子等行業(yè)工藝設(shè)備的電氣控制方面得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用。包裝前,啤酒一般要經(jīng)瞬間殺菌處理或經(jīng)無(wú)菌過(guò)濾處理。70年代后期,隨著微電子技術(shù)和計(jì)算機(jī)的迅猛發(fā)展,使PLC從開關(guān)量的邏輯控制擴(kuò)展到數(shù)字控制及生產(chǎn)過(guò)程控制域,真正成為一種電子計(jì)算機(jī)工業(yè)控制裝置,故稱為可編程控制器,簡(jiǎn)稱PC(programmable controller).但由于PC容易與個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)(programmable puter)相混淆,故人們?nèi)粤?xí)慣地用PLC作為可編程器的縮寫。具有功能強(qiáng)、可靠性高、配置靈活、使用方便以及體積小、重量輕等優(yōu)點(diǎn),已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用于自動(dòng)化控制的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域,并已成為實(shí)現(xiàn)工業(yè)生產(chǎn)自動(dòng)化的支柱產(chǎn)品。本機(jī)控制單元采用以三菱公司的可編程控制器為核心對(duì)機(jī)器進(jìn)行全過(guò)程控制。該設(shè)備可以自動(dòng)完成清洗消毒及CO2備壓等全部工序。PLC投入運(yùn)行,系統(tǒng)處于初始狀態(tài),準(zhǔn)備好啟動(dòng)。3. 力求簡(jiǎn)單、經(jīng)濟(jì)、使用及維修方便一個(gè)新的控制工程固然能提高產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量和數(shù)量,帶來(lái)巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益,但新工程的投入、技術(shù)的培訓(xùn)、設(shè)備的維護(hù)也將導(dǎo)致運(yùn)行資金的增加。PLC中有許多可供用戶使用的定時(shí)器,功能類似于繼電器線路中的時(shí)間繼電器。PLC輸出接口路將中央處理單元送出的弱電控制信號(hào)轉(zhuǎn)換成現(xiàn)場(chǎng)需要的強(qiáng)電信號(hào)輸出,以驅(qū)動(dòng)電磁閥、接觸器、電機(jī)等被控設(shè)備的執(zhí)行元件。 2.繼電器與晶體管輸出的主要差別 由于繼電器與晶體管工作原理的不同,導(dǎo)致了兩者的工作參數(shù)存在了較大的差異。3.繼電器與晶體管輸出選型原則繼電器型輸出驅(qū)動(dòng)電流大,響應(yīng)慢,有機(jī)械壽命,適用于驅(qū)動(dòng)中間繼電器、接觸器的線圈、指示燈等動(dòng)作頻率不高的場(chǎng)合。電磁閥有很多種,不同的電磁閥在控制系統(tǒng)的不同位置發(fā)揮作用,最常用的是單向閥、安全閥方向控制閥、速度調(diào)節(jié)閥等。綜上所述:使用LED比較合適,因?yàn)榍逑礄C(jī)上的顯示不需要太復(fù)雜,LED使用起來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單方便又便宜,而LCD的顯示亮度不夠,CTR比較占空間使用不方便。因?yàn)楫?dāng)失壓或欠壓時(shí),接觸器線圈電流將消失或減小,失去電磁力或電磁力不足以吸住動(dòng)鐵心,因而能斷開主觸頭,切斷電源。因此在線圈的兩端并聯(lián)了電容與電阻串聯(lián)的電路構(gòu)成回路,起到釋放線圈中電流的作用。啤酒桶清洗是一項(xiàng)投入應(yīng)用的設(shè)備,那就要考慮到成本問(wèn)題。我希望在以后的工作中,自己能因地制宜,很好的將所學(xué)的理論知識(shí)和實(shí)際相結(jié)合,將自己的工作干好、干精。相信在以后的工作和生活中將使我受益匪淺。s machine bine, for resolve the very plicated problem to look for the best pathWe e in sight of the control that links after the electric appliances in various situation, that is already the that time generation past, now of after use in the mold a perhaps simple equipments of grassroots control that the electric appliances can do for the low level only。 to be good very.At a lot of situations, the list is is a smooth movement that can39。ting have an error margins in a datas deliver, otherwise the whole piece according to pare the occurrence mistake, this on the hardware is a bigger difficulty. Applied more and more extensive in some appropriative equipmentses, be like the appropriative medical treatment equipments, the numerical signal equipments...etc., in pare the one data deliver, its result is very good.And the different step is an application the most extensive, this receive benefit in it of technique difficulty is opposite and want to be small, at the same time not need to prepare the specialized clock signal, its characteristics to lie in, its data is partition, the longlost send out and accept, be the CPU is too busy of time can grind to a stop sex to work, also reduced the difficulty on the hardware, the data throw to lose at the same time opposite want to be little, we can pass the examination of the data to observe whether the data that we send out has the mistake or not, be like strange accidentally the method, tired addition and eight efficacies method etc., can use to helps whether the data that we examine to send out have or not the mistake occurrence, pass the feedback to carry on the discriminator.A line of transmission of the information contain a string of and bine the cent of: The usual PLC is 8 machines, certainly also having 16 machines. We can be an at the time of sending out the data a send out to the other party, also can be 88 send out the data to the other party, an and 8 differentiationses are also the as that we say to send out the data and bine sends out the data. A speed is more and slowly, but as long as 2 or three lines can solve problem, and can use the telephone line to carry on the long range control. But bine the oscular transmission speed is very quick of, it is a string of oscular of 25600%, occupy the advantage in the short distance, the in view of the fact TTL electricity is even, being limited by the scope of one meter generally, it bine unwell used for the data transmission of the long pull, thus the cost is too expensive.Under a lot of circumstances we are total to like to adopt the string to bine the conversion chip to carry on deliver, under this kind of circumstance not need us to carry on to depositted the machine to establish too and plicatedly, but carry on the data exchanges through the data transmission instruction directly, but is not a very viable way in the correspondence, because the PLC of the other party must has been wait for your data exportation at the time of sending out the data, it ca