【正文】
態(tài)正在提出一個(gè)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的模式簡(jiǎn)單的方法。但是,盡管如此,由于更為強(qiáng)大的管理制度,他們可能,例如,某些小時(shí)是關(guān)閉的。半私人區(qū)域模式,往往是與公共空間和 人的家鄉(xiāng)位于這樣才能使管制區(qū)是引入公眾之間的街道和私人財(cái)產(chǎn)。 周圍的返回:實(shí)現(xiàn)戶外隱私和安全 那種認(rèn)為家庭應(yīng)該有一個(gè)回空間 的觀察莖,隱私是一個(gè)非常重要的國(guó)內(nèi)領(lǐng)域的特點(diǎn),而且人們可以兼顧家庭內(nèi)外。盡管,戈斯的這一活動(dòng)強(qiáng)度的變化,這個(gè)公共環(huán)境的品質(zhì)需要仔細(xì)研究后,如果它感到安全的方式,并成為這方面的安全和方便感。這是因?yàn)橹車淖》啃枨蟛豢杀苊獾鼗貋?lái)的隱私和安全排序的一些障礙,如高圍墻,可引進(jìn)的手段。同一級(jí)別可能對(duì)地面上的依賴私人的室外陽(yáng)臺(tái)空間,同時(shí)計(jì)劃在其他住宅(包括公寓或房子或)私人花園或共享社區(qū)(半私人)庭院可往往是相當(dāng)開(kāi)敞的。給出的基本原則反映上述的建筑物立面應(yīng)面對(duì)公共領(lǐng)域和私人樓宇的背上應(yīng)該面對(duì)其他的。這些配置演變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)在 19世紀(jì)后巷訪問(wèn)的形式,而今天的前教練房子有時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)換法院以梅夫斯住房。這些塊喜歡這樣做是非常高的,雖然在歐洲城市的自由站立約 5層大廈也很普遍,讓居民更直接與鄰近空間。 自支撐塊 20世紀(jì)初以來(lái),特別是公寓已在自由站立或指向發(fā)達(dá)塊。如住房,提出了周邊街道的環(huán)境,成為訪問(wèn)的焦點(diǎn),公共生活和社會(huì)活動(dòng)??縿?chuàng)造設(shè)計(jì)師定義的位置 的住宅樓宇,以及之間的關(guān)系,城市空間和機(jī)會(huì),將被允許在模式的類型一般經(jīng)過(guò)的區(qū)域 。此外,沒(méi)有回圍欄可以作為作為一個(gè)家門面有趣的結(jié)果。這是允許公眾活動(dòng)的重點(diǎn)到公共領(lǐng)域,隨著人們來(lái)來(lái)去去,從通過(guò)前門家園所面臨的街道,雖然窗戶讓俯瞰或公共領(lǐng)域的監(jiān)督。假如私人花園是建成計(jì)劃,然后是有意義的群體,使他們集合在一起。最后,包括私人花園,他們計(jì)劃存在,往往是從家庭訪問(wèn),但作為一個(gè)原則問(wèn)題,他們不應(yīng)該緊靠公共空間。讓我們?cè)谕粋€(gè)城市廣場(chǎng)的例子,在中間的小公園 ,如果它總是向公眾開(kāi)放后,將被視為一個(gè)公共空間,但是,如果邊界豎立,國(guó)家公園是在夜間關(guān)閉,那么這將是一個(gè)半公共空間。無(wú)論從城市設(shè)計(jì)的角度來(lái)看,最好是識(shí)別四種戶外空間,體現(xiàn)誰(shuí)可進(jìn)入的空間,以及如何將使用什么類型的感知和。正如,你進(jìn)入一個(gè)獨(dú)特的,單獨(dú)設(shè)計(jì)的街道或廣場(chǎng),他認(rèn)為,你將有一個(gè)這里意識(shí),根據(jù)定義,其他獨(dú)特街道和廣場(chǎng)將有一個(gè)同樣認(rèn)為設(shè)計(jì)。如果地區(qū)之間,也為此旅行,你可能有一種感覺(jué),你要離開(kāi),進(jìn)入不同的地方,城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)的特 點(diǎn),決定了對(duì)這種感覺(jué)的貢獻(xiàn)。地繼承重要性討論空間的類型,我們?cè)诔鞘协h(huán)境創(chuàng)造,當(dāng)我們的家園和如何制定出這些空間應(yīng)該是塊配置。 價(jià)值也將作為整個(gè)計(jì)劃可能性,甚至比其他的更具可比性。達(dá)爾夫 2020 年出版 2.“確保商業(yè)可行性” 在這一章中,我們探討住宅設(shè)計(jì)中的商業(yè)方面和布局安排 .它是非常重要 .設(shè)計(jì)師明白,建筑物和公共場(chǎng)所,他們的設(shè)計(jì)是典型的建造和銷售利潤(rùn),并理解如何將他們的產(chǎn)品進(jìn)行一些商業(yè)評(píng)估。 外文資料 《 Introduction to Residential Layout》 Mike Biddulph First edition 2020 2.“ Ensuring mercial viability” In this chapter we explore the mercial aspects of housing design and is really important that designers understand that the buildings and spaces that they design are typically built and sold for profit,and to umderstand something of how their product will be evaluated in mercial a result,this chapter outlines a development appraisal known as the residual valuation technique and we apply it to a particular development point is not to turn designers into quantity surveyors,but instead to inform the mentality of the designer so that their work is not mercially residual valuation is a straightforward technique that can be used early in the planning of a simple development scheme ,although other,more elaborate and precise techniques will also be used by quantity surveyors working in will work through a valuation to explore how a design might shape its market potential ,and explore how a design can be adjusted to bee more will also consider how designers can use design to add value to schemes by using layout techniques monly observed in practice. COMPLETING A DEVELOPMENT APPRAISAL The basicequation In costing a planned residential development it is important to design a scheme where the predicted returns are greater than the difference between the returns and the costs is known as the residual can be used to determine the value of the land onto which the planned homes will be built. In preparing a valuation for a scheme the following basic equation should be used: Development Value— Development Costs=Possible Land Value CALCULATING DEVELOPMENT VALUES The costing of speculative residential development is relatively straightforward as the value of the property is simple the price that the property is ultimately sold this value it is important to have a clear sense of the local market and how similar homes are selling within that makes sense to be a little conservative with prediction so that values do not bee inflated,although there is a tendency for new houses to sell with a slight premium over similar houses that have previously been occupied. Valueswill vary significantly according to the location of the home,but alsoand more specificallyaccording to the nature of the home and the UK,homes are sold according to the number of rooms they have,whilst in slightly more refined markets,a total floor area is also value will also be significantly influenced by the quality of the internal and external design and finish,the size of the garden,the location of parking and the type of house。in particular where people tend to live in apartments,and a demand for outdoor private garden space is less addition,on certain sites apartments in freestanding blocks provide the most effective mechanism for achieving the desired density of management processes are poor such blocks which can result in vague and poorly used open spaces between the blocks which can suffer from poor surveillance and under ,there is no reason why a high freestanding block can not be bined with other street level housing which is used to define a street or other public like this can be very high,although within european cities freestanding blocks of about five storeys are also mon,allowing residents a more immediate relationship with neighbouring spaces. 中文譯文 《住宅布局概論》 邁克比 值將有很大差異根據(jù)家庭的位置,而且,更具體地說(shuō),根據(jù)家庭性質(zhì)和情節(jié) .在英國(guó),根據(jù)房屋出售他們的房間,雖然在數(shù)量上略微更精致市場(chǎng), 總建筑面積也有對(duì)比 .而價(jià)值也將有不同程度的內(nèi)部和外部設(shè)計(jì)和完成,花園的大小質(zhì)量的影響,停車位置和房子的類型,例如,它是否是獨(dú)立,半獨(dú)立或梯田。 3.“項(xiàng)目建設(shè)地點(diǎn)和確定空間” 這村莊和集鎮(zhèn)介紹了城市設(shè)計(jì)表格,并在設(shè)計(jì)住宅。而是你如何社會(huì)性。 在他的有關(guān)如何克服城市發(fā)展平淡,戈登卡倫( 1961)只是一兩個(gè)即這里和那里城市設(shè)計(jì) .他承認(rèn)辯稱思想表明,人們應(yīng)該有一個(gè)進(jìn)入或離開(kāi)一個(gè)地方作為他們的各種感 覺(jué)穿過(guò)市區(qū)環(huán)境。 城市空間的類型 城市空間不僅是區(qū)別作為室外或室內(nèi)。此外,管理層也可能影響誰(shuí)可以使用的空間。盡管如此,半私密空間還可以形成共享的私人花園,這些可能會(huì)在一間私人花園計(jì)劃包括在內(nèi),這可能是在私人花園。而私人花園的隱私政策是直接的結(jié)果,雖然陽(yáng)臺(tái)或半私人共享的花園 .良好的代理人。一是可以通過(guò)共同保障的前門和住房的窗戶俯瞰街道。 對(duì)于公共領(lǐng) 域,這是嚴(yán)重的,與前面的門和窗,通過(guò)這條街的環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)都是丟失了。在這些案件中的隱私都可以犧牲一些鄰近的空間,而可見(jiàn)的花園和露臺(tái)監(jiān)視提供直觀的利益為居民和游客 住宅塊結(jié)構(gòu) 從住宅塊結(jié)構(gòu)的方式設(shè)計(jì)的結(jié)果撰寫的建筑物和城市空間,創(chuàng)造城市形式。這個(gè)塊然后在街道變形網(wǎng)格(圖安排的意見(jiàn) )。 公寓與私人花園外圍模塊和共享的開(kāi)放空間:或者,在周邊公寓大廈地面后可以有自己的私家花園,然后在其他樓層居民生活誰(shuí)獲得一個(gè)公共空間 雖然以上的例 子都說(shuō)明如何在一個(gè)私人空間是外圍區(qū)塊考慮變化,但也讓公眾領(lǐng)域的物理定義,因?yàn)檫@些家庭面臨的陣地,并給予物理形式向街道環(huán)境。