【正文】 ler ? Programmable logic controller (PLC) ? More than one machine tool ? A materials handling device (robot or pallet) The FMC executes fixed machining operations with parts flowing sequentially between operations. High speed machining 畢 業(yè)設(shè)計（外文翻譯 ） 6 The term High Speed Machining (HSM) monly refers to end milling at high rotational speeds and high surface feeds. For instance, the routing of pockets in aluminum airframe sections with a very high material removal rate1. Over the past 60 years, HSM has been applied to a wide range of metallic and nonmetallic workpiece materials, including the production of ponents with specific surface topography requirements and machining of materials with hardness of 50 HRC and above. With most steel ponents hardened to approximately 3242 HRC, machining options currently include: Rough machining and semifinishing of the material in its soft (annealed) condition heat treatment to achieve the final required hardness = 63 HRC machining of electrodes and Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM) of specific parts of dies and moulds (specifically small radii and deep cavities with limited accessibility for metal cutting tools) finishing and superfinishing of cylindrical/flat/cavity surfaces with appropriate cemented carbide, cermet, solid carbide, mixed ceramic or polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PCBN) For many ponents, the production process involves a bination of these options and in the case of dies and moulds it also includes time consuming hand finishing. Consequently, production costs can be high and lead times excessive. It is typical in the die and mould industry to produce one or just a few tools of the same design. The process involves constant changes to the design, and because of these changes there is also a corresponding need for measuring and reverse engineering . The main criteria is the quality level of the die or mould regarding dimensional, geometric and surface accuracy. If the quality level after machining is poor and if it cannot meet the requirements, there will be a varying need of manual finishing work. This work produces satisfactory surface accuracy, but it always has a negative impact on the dimensional and geometric accuracy. One of the main aims for the die and mould industry has been, and still is, to reduce or eliminate the need for manual polishing and thus improve the quality and shorten the production costs and lead times. Main economical and technical factors for the development of HSM Survival The ever increasing petition in the marketplace is continually setting new standards. The demands on time and cost efficiency is getting higher and higher. This has forced the development of new processes and production techniques to take place. HSM 畢 業(yè)設(shè)計（外文翻譯 ） 7 provides hope and solutions... Materials The development of new, more difficult to machine materials has underlined the necessity to find new machining solutions. The aerospace industry has its heat resistant and stainless steel alloys. The automotive industry has different bimetal positions, Compact Graphite Iron and an ever increasing volume of aluminum3. The die and mould industry mainly has to face the problem of machining high hardened tool steels, from roughing to finishing. Quality The demand for higher ponent or product quality is the result of ever increasing petition. HSM, if applied correctly, offers a number of solutions in this area. Substitution of manual finishing is one example, which is especially important on dies and moulds or ponents with a plex 3D geometry. Processes The demands on shorter throughput times via fewer setups and simplified flows (logistics) can in most cases, be solved by HSM. A typical target within the die and mould industry is to pletely machine fully hardened small sized tools in one setup. Costly and time consuming EDM processes can also be reduced or eliminated with HSM. Design amp。t suspect machine accuracy if the vise bends the part. Don39。s board. First, you have to download all parameters, remove a dozen connectors, replace the board, reconnect a nd reload, and if you make one mistake or bend one tiny pin it WON39。 數(shù)控技術(shù)的第二個優(yōu)點是工件的一致性好，加工精度高。這是當(dāng)今準(zhǔn)時生產(chǎn)制造模式所要求的。 數(shù)控系統(tǒng)中的 CNC 指令命令驅(qū)動電機(jī)旋轉(zhuǎn)某一精確的轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)，驅(qū)動電機(jī)的旋轉(zhuǎn)隨即使?jié)L珠絲杠旋轉(zhuǎn)，滾珠絲杠將旋轉(zhuǎn)運動轉(zhuǎn)換成直線軸（滑臺）運動。目前用得較多的是直角坐標(biāo)系。用于指定絕對方式的最常用的數(shù)控代碼是 G90。 絕對工作方式很容易確定指令當(dāng)前位置，除此之外，它的另外一個好處涉及軸運動中的錯誤。通常，加工中心上用于指定編程零點的偏置被稱作夾具偏置，車削中心上用于指定編程零點的偏置被稱作刀具幾何偏置。對于大部分淬火到約為 HRC 3242 的鋼零件，當(dāng)前的切削選項包括： ．在軟（退火）工況下材料的粗加工和半精加工 ．達(dá)到最終硬度要求為 HRC 63 的熱處理 ．模具行業(yè)的某些零件的電極加工和放電加工 (EDM)（特別是金屬切削刀具難以加工的小半徑圓弧和深凹穴） ．用適合的硬質(zhì)合金、金屬陶瓷、整體硬質(zhì)合金、混合陶瓷或多晶立方氮化硼（ PCBN）刀具進(jìn)行的圓柱／平面／凹穴表面的精加工和超精加工。 高速加工發(fā)展的主要經(jīng)濟(jì)和技術(shù)因素 生存 日益激烈的市場競爭導(dǎo)致不斷設(shè)立新的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，對時間和成本效率的要求越來越高，這就迫使新工藝和生產(chǎn)技術(shù)不斷發(fā)展。模具制造業(yè)內(nèi)的一個 典型目標(biāo)是在一次裝卡中完成所有完全淬火小零件的切削。 產(chǎn)品設(shè)備 切削材料、刀柄刀具、機(jī)床、數(shù)控系統(tǒng)，特別是 CAD/CAM 功能和設(shè)備的巨大發(fā)展己經(jīng)使采用新的生產(chǎn)方法和技術(shù)成為可能和必須。 10 千米／分鐘以上的速度屬于超高速范疇，還在實驗室金屬切削范圍。 ．清理換刀裝置上的鐵屑。 ．涂少量油脂于換刀裝置機(jī)械手的外邊沿，并對全部刀具都用機(jī)械手換一遍。 ．檢查所有軟管和潤滑管路是否破裂。 利用常識 通過正確判斷當(dāng)時的故障情況，許多問題很容易解決。這個意思是說，如果皮帶斷了，不要更換主軸驅(qū)動裝置 。