【正文】 uel Johnson,” and “Webster,” but none of these men had any effect at all pared to a man who didn’t even speak EnglishWilliam the Conqueror.Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups. In the west central region lived the Welsh, who spoke a Celtic language, and in the north lived the Scots, whose language, though not the same as Welsh, was also Celtic. In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call AngloSaxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. If this state of affairs had lasted, English today would be close to German.But this state of affairs did not last. In l066 the Normans led by William defeated the Saxons and began their rule over England. For about a century, French became the official language of England while Old English became the language of peasants. As a result, English words of Politics and the law e from French rather than German. In some cases, modern English even shows a distinction (區(qū)別) between upperclass French and lowerclass AngloSaxon in its words. We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields or at home ready to be cooked, which shows the fact that the Saxon peasants were doing the farming, while the upperclass Normans were doing most of the eating.When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more foreign than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does. Few realize that the English language is actually Germanic in its beginning and that the French influences are all the result of one man39。根據(jù)第二段第三句“In the rest of the country lived the Saxons, actually a mixture of Anglos, Saxons, and other Germanic and Nordic peoples, who spoke what we now call AngloSaxon (or Old English), a Germanic language. ”在國家的其余地方居住著撒克遜人，他們是英國人、撒克遜人、德國人、日耳曼人的混合，他們講的語言是英格蘭語（即古英語）。根據(jù)第三段第一句“When Americans visit Europe for the first time, they usually find Germany more foreign than France because the German they see on signs and advertisements seems much more different from English than French does”當(dāng)美國人到歐洲旅游時，他們經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)德語比法語更像外國語，以為在德國，他們看見的標(biāo)簽和廣告語看起來比法語更與英語不同。DIf there is no difference in general intelligence between boys and girls, what can explain girls’ poor performance in science and mathematics?It seems to be that their treatment at school is a direct cause. Mathematics and science are seen as subjects mainly for boys, and therefore, as girls bee teenagers, they are less likely to take them. Interestingly, both boys and girls often regard the subjects for boys as more difficult. Yet it has been suggested that girls do not take mathematics courses, not because they are difficult, but for social reasons. Girls do not want to be in open petition with boys because they are afraid to appear less feminine and attractive.However, if we examine the performance of boys and girls who have taken mathematics courses, there are still more highachieving boys than there are girls. This difference appears to be worldwide. Biological explanations have been offered for this, but there are other explanations too.Perhaps the difference which es out during the teenage years has its roots in much earlier experiences. From their first days in kindergarten, boys are encouraged to work on their own and to plete tasks. Facts show that outstanding mathematicians and scientists have not had teachers who supplied answers.Besides, there can be little doubt that teachers of mathematics and science expect their boy students to do better at these subjects than their girl students. They even appear to encourage the difference between boys and girls. They spend more time with the boy students, giving them more time to answer questions and working harder to get correct answers from them. They are more likely to call on boys for answers and to allow them to take the lead in classroom discussion. They also praise boys more frequently. All of this seems to encourage boys to work harder in science and mathematics and to give them confidence that they are able to succeed.Such a way of teaching is not likely to encourage girls to take many mathematics and science courses nor is it likely to support girls who do. When it es to these subjects, it seems certain that school widens the difference between boys and girls.12. Girls are likely to think that ________.A science courses are for both boys and girlsB. science courses make them more popularC. science courses make them successfulD. science courses are difficult for them13. What does the underlined word “feminine” in probably mean?A. gentle B. female C. hungry D. charming14. What does the passage say about great mathematicians?A. Their teachers did not supply answers to them.B. They started learning mathematics at an earlier age.C. They showed mathematical abilities in their teenage years.D. Their success resulted from their strong interest in mathematics.15. The author would probably agree that ________.A. boys and girls learn in the same wayB. boys and girls are equal in general intelligenceC. girls are more confident in themselves than beforeD. girls should take fewer science courses than boys【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。故選B項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。t end at graduation.D. Oh, you know it—well you39。在復(fù)雜計算中，是否先算了所有加法？結(jié)合后文Suddenly, you start to doubt a lot of things that you 。由此可知，本段是在說明研究人員進(jìn)行的一項問卷調(diào)查，以此來診斷出數(shù)學(xué)焦慮癥。”由此可知，上文說明的“那些對自己的數(shù)學(xué)能力感到恐慌的人在數(shù)學(xué)課上的表現(xiàn)往往比那些不介意數(shù)字的人要差”這種情況并不總是真的?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析?！?3題詳解】考查副詞辨析?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。【29題詳解】考查名詞辨析。【31題詳解】考查動詞辨析。故選C。故選C。故選C。故選B。故選D。【42題詳解】考查動詞。句意：盡管如此，在中國，我?guī)缀趺款D飯都用自己選擇的餐具吃飯，因此，一些新朋友或熟人在觀察過我之后，會得出一個簡單的結(jié)論：我的中國丈夫，君，一定教過我如何使用餐具。句意：我十幾歲的時候就開始用筷子了，當(dāng)時我的姐姐和媽媽都很喜歡中國菜，給我介紹了很多新菜，還有中國的餐具以及中國人所偏愛的器皿。句意：是我最親密的家人發(fā)現(xiàn)了我在使