【正文】 pants were faced with a hypothetical (假設的) moral dilemma: Would they be prepared to put a single person at risk in order to save a group of injured persons? In the situations presented the intended victim was either a human, a humanoid robot that had been humanized (人性化的) to various degrees or a robot that was clearly recognizable as a machine.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的Adult language learners of a second language may use their declarative memory for using grammar patterns.可知，成年語言學習者在學習第二語言時，是刻意地在使用語法句式。Human beings learn language in pre human area of brain.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，講述Michael Ullman和他的團隊的研究稱人類大腦前區(qū)的為語言學習區(qū)，由此解開了人類大腦進化過程之謎。Declarative memory.B.By examining the brain with his team.B.Oh, remember what you said last night39。 processed in two ancient learning and memory systems in the brain. Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language. They found that people learn language using two memory systems: declarative and procedural. Memorizing vocabulary, for example, is a declarative memory process. But learning grammar is, mostly, a procedural memory process.By referring to data from other studies on language.（2）Which of the following is an example of motor memory? A.A second language.（4）What39。根據(jù)第五段中的“Ullman, Hamrick and the rest of the team looked at data from 16 other studies on language.”可知，該團隊通過研究其他語言學習的成果，得出的結論，故選D。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ullman says his research shows that the human brain does not have a special area or system for making language. Over time we have simply reused or coopted (指派) parts of our brain for language.”以及全文可知，人類的語言學習是由大腦前區(qū)完成的，該區(qū)域早于人類本身。 The study suggested that the more the robot was humanized, the less likely participants were to sacrifice it. Situations that included vivid stories in which the robot was described as a merciful being or as a creature with its own understandings, experiences and thoughts, were more likely to stop the study participants from sacrificing it in the interests of anonymous (無名的) humans.when to sacrifice a robotB.Conflicts often happen between humans and robots.（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A. （2）考查細節(jié)理解。因此標題“機器人被拯救，人類就會承受打擊”最切題，故選C。 After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that acpany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.s Mood Research【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，最新的實驗發(fā)現(xiàn)，即狗能夠識別人的面部表情的變化。根據(jù)最后一段中的......this confirmed what had been observed in previous studies―dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner可知，狗擅長辨別與自己主人性別相同的人的表情，由此推斷，讓主人是女性的狗來辨別男性面部表情的圖片是比較困難的。4．犇犇閱讀理解 up isn39。If a circle, with a sugar reward, is iridescent, the bees may have difficulty finding itD.Shining colors as a sexual strategy【答案】 （1）D（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了彩虹色有助于生物隱藏。根據(jù)最后一段中的“It seemed that the strikingly iridescent surfaces on our targets visually broke up the otherwise recognizable shape of the targets, which made them hard to distinguish.”似乎我們的目標上驚人的彩虹表面在視覺上打破了原本可以辨認的目標形狀，這使得它們很難區(qū)分。 【點評】本題考點涉及細節(jié)理解，推理判斷和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細節(jié)信息的基礎上，進一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關系，進行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。 The objects recovered from the bottom of the sea likely came from the recent explosion for two main reasons. First, meteorite particles are basically made of glassy materials that do not tend to last long in seawater. Secondly, they came from what looked like a small hole on the seafloor. Some evidence shows that they came from something that fell.（1）What is the current goal of the crew of the Ocean Exploration Trust? A.Business value of meteors.C.They can find meteors more easily.Offer clues for the search.B.根據(jù)第二段中的“The group says its aim at present is to examine areas of the ocean that have never been explored before.”可知，the Ocean Exploration Trust的船員目前的目標是研究海洋中未被探索的地方。 （4）考查推理判斷。d arrive home to an icecold house. And that would mean turning on the heating and waiting. It39。 Clothes have been given an upgrade, too. Electronic thermal jackets, sweaters and coats heat up when you turn them on. What better way to keep warm in the dead of winter? At the touch of a button, or through an app on our phones, the clothing generates heat from elements placed inside. Many models offer three levels of heating which stay warm for over 12 hours. .s no reason why winter can39。The thermostat heat up automatically when the temperature is low.D.A Smart ThermostatAn unpleasant winter【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，在科技并不發(fā)達的過去，人們可能會為如何在嚴寒天氣里更好地保暖而倍感困擾。故判斷出第1段中帶下劃線的單詞bundle up是多穿點衣服。t have to be so challenging any more. Technology, engine ring and design have advanced giving us new solutions to old problems可知，幸運的是，事情不需要再這么有挑戰(zhàn)性了。比如，用智能電子設備調(diào)節(jié)屋內(nèi)和衣物的溫度；使用無線科技制造會自動發(fā)熱的服飾。 Environmental experts warn that our planet is drowning in plastic. Jennifer Morgan from the environmental nonprofit organization Greenpeace also joined in the discussion about Loop at Davos. She said that Greenpeace weles the aim of the Loop Alliance to move away from throwaway culture and disposability. But Morgan questioned whether panies worldwide are ready to change their business models.Explain the reason for trash.United States and Switzerland.B.The development of future city.C. （1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段“Loop is set to launch later this year in three eastern . states, and also in Paris, France and some of the surrounding area. Then Loop plans to expand to the . West Coast, Toronto, Canada and Britain by the end of this year or 202