【正文】 2002春季)A、if B、how C、what D、that 答案C。used to be表示一種過去存在的狀態(tài)，本句的意思是“我仍然記得這里在什么時候是個寧靜的地方。疑問詞+ever引導的名詞性從句與no matter+疑問詞引導的從句的區(qū)別是：前者既可以引導名詞性從句也可以引導讓步狀語從句；后者只能引導讓步狀語從句?！笨梢钥闯龊竺娴膹木鋺且粋€賓語從句，而從句中wants缺少賓語， ；排除A和D，whichever表示“無論哪一個，無論哪些”，應表示一定范圍內(nèi)的人或物，此處沒有涉及事物的范圍，所以應選 B．whatever，表示“無論什么”。 asked ____ for a violin．（MET1992） I pay how much paid how much much did I pay much I paid答案：D。He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so.(否定because狀語)他并不因亞里斯多德說過如何如何，就輕信此事。3)有時將動名詞，介詞短語或整個從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)閷χ^語動詞的否定。I hope you weren39。－－此例為主語從句，有誤，感謝指出）用if會引起歧義時，只用whether。如：例8 I can’t decide whether to 。同位語：They are investigating the question whether the man is 。形容詞賓語：I39。Wh詞包括who, whom,.whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等連接代詞和where, when, how, why等連接副詞。賓語：John said that he was leaving for London on 。）如：l have no idea when he will be back．我不知道他什么時候回來。試比較下面兩個例句:I had no idea that you were here．（that引導同位語從句，不能省略）Have you got the idea（that）this book gives you of life in ancient Greece？（that引導定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）簡介同位語部分是個句子,就是同位語從句,這種用法比較“固定”,、在復合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句?！癟hat is because...”與“That is why...”之間的不同在于“That is because...”指原因或理由，“That is why...”則指由于各種原因所造成的后果，例如： He did not see the film last is because he had to help his little sister with her ，那是因為他得幫助他的妹妹做作業(yè)。(what 在表語從句中充當賓語)// What I told him was that I would find him a good 。how I can persuade her to join us in the 。He has bee what he wanted to be ten years 。This is where our problem 。,此時第一個that可以省略,第二個that不可以省略。I don’t believe he will do 。例如：Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting 。例如： I insist that she(should)do her work 。例如：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(5)含主語從句的復合句是疑問句時，主語從句不可提前。t be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.（8）It is still a mystery what caused the accident.（9）It is said that he has gone to shanghai.(=He is said to have gone to shanghai)（10）It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese.（11）It is suggested that the work should be done with great care.（12）It seems that he has seen the film.(=He seems to have seen the film)（13）It happened that the two cheats were there.(=The two cheats happened to be there)小結(jié)（:1)以that 引出的主語從句, is +形容詞/名詞/某些動詞ed + that 從句.（2)在有些that從句中要用虛擬語氣(should+do/should+have done)例句4,5,6,、主語從句的用法主語從句是在復合句中充當主語的從句，通常放在主句謂語動詞之前或由形式主語it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。Who will win the match is still 。名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組, 它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。主語從句通常由從屬連詞that，whether，if和連接代詞what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及連接副詞how，when，where，why等詞引導。常用句型如下：（1）It + be + 名詞 + that從句（2）It + be + 形容詞 + that從句（3）It + be + 動詞的過去分詞 + that從句（4）It + 不及物動詞 + that 從句另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應如此等語氣時，謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：It is necessary(important, natural, strange, etc.)that …It is suggested(requested, proposed, desired, etc.)that…第一部分：常規(guī)主語從句，即句子在復合句中充當一個主語 主語從句的時態(tài)：不受主句的時態(tài)影響和限制。(2)It is said ,(reported)…結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語從句不可提前。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai 。She will give whoever needs help a warm ，她都會給予熱情的支持。例如：The teacher told us that Tom had left us for America．, believe, imagine, suppose等等動詞引起的否定性賓語從句中，要把上述主句中的動詞變?yōu)榉穸ㄊ?。）?避免歧異時, ,suggest,explain,agree,wonder,prove,mean,state,feel,hold等動詞的賓語時。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：主語 + 系動詞 + that從句。簡介定義：A 表語從句就是用一個句子作為表語。The question is question is when he can arrive at the ，他什么時候可以到達酒店?；居梅ū碚Z從句只能置于主句之后，而主句的動詞只能是聯(lián)系動詞。// That is why I 。I have no idea when he will e back 。如：I’ve e from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我從王先生那里來，他讓我告訴你他今天下午不能來看你了。六、名詞性that從句1）由從屬連詞that引導的從句叫做名詞性that從句。It39。表語： My question is who will take over president of the 。八、if, whether引導的名詞從句 1）yesno型疑問從句從屬連詞if, whether引導的名詞從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問轉(zhuǎn)化而來的，因此也分別被稱為yesno型疑問句從句和選擇型疑問從句，其功能和wh從句的功能相同，例如： 主語：Whether the plan is feasible remains to be 。I don39。賓語從句放在句首表示強調(diào)時，只能用whether。I don39。It doesn39。(anyone 作主語，從句中的謂語動詞不能用否定形式。此時it只起先行引導作用，本身無實義。這句話的意思是“醫(yī)生真的懷疑我媽媽是否能很快從重病中恢復過來?！盁o論誰”的含義了。答案B,C, D均與該題語境不符。 has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into C when (2001年上海)答案B。what 。why 。what give we we get。t doubt ________ he39。s life and never do anything is hard matter what is hard is hard what is hard the boy didn39。t go there is clear to all of e or not is up to mistakes must correct will win the match is a matter of public days later, word came ________our country had sent up another manmade problem is ________will go to the looks _______ it were going to if if though is _______ he likes the place so is ______ Lu Xun once thought _______ strange that Tom did not e fact _______ she had not said anything surprised all of I39。s face is 39。t asked her in English ________ she was, and she told me ________ she was an …that…X…X…that took it for granted ________ I39。t get seems better than ____ we , what , that , that , what you don39。s now buying a big : she39。what do we give we get。because 。that 。同位語從句通常由that引導，接在fact, news, promise, possibility, information, doubt, message名詞后，用來解釋或說明名詞的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)從句中缺少的句子成分是狀語，排除D．what，而答案C, D均與題意不符，所以應選A．when。本題句子的意思是：Sarah希望跟自己有共同愛好的人交朋友。根據(jù)句意“一般認為孩子要什么就給什么是不好的。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子的空白處應該填引導賓語從句的連詞，做主句謂語動詞do的賓語，同時該連接詞還是從句中的do的賓語，因此，此處的連接詞應該用what。The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定狀語)螞蟻不只是為自己采食。ll have a sunny day 。注意：若謂語動詞為hope,賓語從句中的否定詞不能轉(zhuǎn)移。（例11 Whether they can finish the work on time is still a 。if和whether的區(qū)別：在動詞不定式之前只能用whether。表語：The point is whether we should lend him the 。同位語： I have no idea when he will 。用it作形式主語的that從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系： + be +形容詞+ that從句It is necessary that… 有必要……It is important that… 重要的是…… It is obvious that… 很明顯…… + be +ed 分詞+ that從句It is believed that… 人們相信……It is known to all that… 眾所周知…… It has been decided that… 已決定…… + be +名詞+ that從句It is mon knowledge that… ……是常識It is a surprise that… 令人驚奇的是…… It is a fact that… 事實是…… +不及物動詞+ that從句It appears