【正文】 htened children. 3. calm down: vt amp。s life consists of his friendships.” Abraham Lincoln ★ “ Advice is like snow。 Indirect Speech(Ⅰ ) statements amp。 Buckingham Palace。 foolish: That?s the craziest idea I?ve ever heard. 2. mad。 vi. to make someone feel unhappy or worried: I?m sorry, I didn?t mean to upset you. . (not before noun) unhappy and worried: She was still upset about the argument that she had had with Harry. ignore: vt. 1. to behave as if you had not seen or heard someone or something(不理睬 ): Either she didn’ t see me wave or she deliberately ignored me. 2. to pay no attention to something that you have been told or that you know about(忽視 ): Some drivers simply ignore speed limits. calm: 1. adj. quiet and without excitement, nervous activity or strong feelings: Keep calm, and try not to panic. 2. vt.amp。 the value of it is seldom known until it be lost.” Charles Caleb Colton ★ “ A friend is one who walks in when others walk out”Walter Winchell ★ “ A friend is one who believes in you when you have ceased to believe in yourself.” Lysha ★ “The better part of one39。 questions) Aims To discover useful words and expressions To discover useful structures Procedures I. Warming up Warming up by discovering useful words and expressions Turn to page 4 and do Exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4 first. Then check your answers with your class partner. II. Learning about grammar: Direct and Indirect Speech Speech In direct speech, the original speaker39。 Houses of Parliament。 ill in the mind: Turn that music downit?s driving me crazy. 3. be crazy about=to like sb. very much, or be very interested in something: The boy is crazy about football. 4. like crazy=very hard: We have to work like crazy to get this finished on time. purpose: 1. n. an intention or plan。 Downing Street. Words to learn: apron, dustpan, vacuum cleaner, feather duster, broom. Imagine Nelson on his column in Trafalgar Square wearing an apron, the queen brushing the floor in Buckingham Palace and using a dustpan... Section 3: Words and expressions from Unit 1 Friendship add . put something with something else or with a group of other things: Do you want to add your name to the list? 2. to put two or more numbers together in order to calculate the total: Add 6 and 6 to make 12. 3. to increase the number: The sales tax adds 15% to the price of clothes. 4. to say some more that is related to what has already been said: That?s all I want to say. Is there anything you?d like to add. Other verbal phrases of “add” add to: to make something larger and more noticeable: Our explanation seemed only to add to his bewilderment. add up: to calculate the total of several numbers: Add your scores up and we?ll see who won. add up to: to have a particular result: His schooling added up to no more than one year. point: n. 1. small spot: The stars shone like tiny points of light in the sky. 2. sharp end: a knife with a very sharp point. 3. a unit used to show the score in a game or sport: She lost three points for that fall.(in a skating match) upset: 1. vt. amp。t know what to do,” is referred to as the reported clause. 2. Indirect Speech In indirect speech, the exact meaning of the speaker?s words is given, but the exact words are not directly quoted. ★ Dean said that he didn?t know what to do. To convert direct speech into indirect speech: If the main verb is past tense, present tense verbs in ?that clause? must also be changed to past tense. Dean said that he didn?t know what to do. First and second person pronouns must be changed to third person pronouns. Dean said that he didn?t know what to do. (The word ?that? can often be left out: Dean said he didn?t know what to do.) 3. Indirect Questions Direct question: “Did Marama?s horse win a prize?” Owen asked. Indirect questions: Owen asked whether (or if) Marama?s horse had won a prize. The same rules apply to indirect questions as to indirect statements. The difference is that a wh clause is used instead of a that clause. Direct question: “Why won?t you marry me?” asked Donald. Indirect question: Donald asked her why she wouldn?t marry him. In telling a story or recounting events, a speaker using direct speech has all the resources of intonation to produce a lively account. Because indirect speech is always speech reported by someone else, the account is more reserved and restrained. “What shall we do?” asked Bev. “Don?t worry, Bev,” said Duncan, “I?ve got a plan.” Bev asked Duncan what they should do. He told her not to worry and that he had got a plan. The ability to change direct speech into indirect speech is a useful skill for those engaged in taking the minutes of a meeting or reporting on events. Direct speech: “First of all, I would like to thank everybody who helped with the fair. The results were very good, and we will now be able to buy two more puters.” Indirect speech: The principal said that he would like to thank everybody who had helped with the fair. He announced that the results were very good and that the school would now be able to buy two more puters. III. Discovering words and expressions Do exercises 1, 2, 3 and 4 on page 4 and 5. Check your work with your partner?s. IV. Discovering structures Do exercise 1 and 2. Check your work with your partner?s. Period 3: A sample lesson plan for Using Language (A letter from a student to the editor of The 21st Century) Aims To listen to a letter about friendship To speak about a questionnaire about friendship To write advice about friendship To write a few lines describing a friend Procedures I. Warming up 1. Read the letter to Miss Wang and find out what was upsetting Lisa. 2. Listen to what Miss Wang says, and then answer the questions in Exercise 2.