【正文】
24 網(wǎng)絡(luò)協(xié)調(diào)器軟件設(shè)計(jì)主要把握的是對(duì)整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)匯總與處理,通過發(fā)送不同的命令來獲得不同的數(shù)據(jù),以達(dá)到實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控的目的,本課題研究的是電力設(shè)備在 線溫度實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測,由于采用的是 ZigBee 無線傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn),該節(jié)點(diǎn)需要實(shí)行低功耗運(yùn)行模式,所以本文還對(duì)每個(gè)節(jié)點(diǎn)的電壓值進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測,鑒于此,本文軟件部分的命令有兩種 —— 命令數(shù)據(jù)包和數(shù)據(jù)包,命令數(shù)據(jù)包通常用來發(fā)送命令,以達(dá)到不同的命令獲取不同的數(shù)據(jù),數(shù)據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)包用來發(fā)送傳感器數(shù)據(jù)和用戶數(shù)據(jù)等。 22 開 始加 入 網(wǎng) 絡(luò)入 網(wǎng) 成 功收 據(jù) 請 求接 受 命 令發(fā) 送 數(shù) 據(jù)接 收 確 認(rèn)NoYes 圖 42 現(xiàn)場終端發(fā)送模塊軟件設(shè)計(jì) 溫度采集模塊軟件設(shè)計(jì) 程序啟動(dòng),初始化幾個(gè)全局變量后就直接進(jìn)行循環(huán)溫度數(shù)據(jù)采集。 低電壓低功耗是其又一顯著特 點(diǎn)。同時(shí)它的無線設(shè)備還包括數(shù) 據(jù)包過濾模塊和地址識(shí)別模塊。 17 圖 39 DS18B20 報(bào)警措施,我們使用的是蜂鳴器報(bào)警,因?yàn)閱纹瑱C(jī)的 IO 口的的電流過小不能使蜂鳴器運(yùn)行發(fā)聲,所以通過三極管放大驅(qū)動(dòng)電流,使蜂鳴器工作發(fā)出聲音。 16 圖 38 串口模塊 注意,因?yàn)?RS232電平較高,接通后產(chǎn)生的瞬時(shí)電涌很高,極有可能擊毀 MAX232,所以使用過程中應(yīng)避免熱插拔。為了得到穩(wěn)定的壓,使用 7805以及 ams1117穩(wěn)壓器?;?CC2530 無線數(shù)據(jù)傳輸模塊電路包含了 CC2530 主芯片、電源轉(zhuǎn)變模塊電路、濾波模塊電路、外接模塊電路、天線模塊電路、仿真跳線模塊電路、晶振模塊電路、 LED模塊電路、復(fù)位電路、 PC 串口模塊電路以及 P P2 接口。RS 的含義是“推薦標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”, 232是標(biāo)識(shí)號(hào), C代表修改次數(shù)。 管理層設(shè)計(jì)如圖 24所示 。本文對(duì)于傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn) 設(shè)計(jì),使用的是基于 ZIGBEE技術(shù)的 CC2530芯片,可以將采集的間隔調(diào)大,這么做不僅可以滿足數(shù)據(jù)采集的連續(xù)性,還可以降低溫度采集時(shí)所耗費(fèi)的電量。 ( 1) 溫度傳感器的測溫范圍在 0到 80攝氏度之間; ( 2) 上位機(jī)監(jiān)測礦用電力設(shè)備溫度信息,當(dāng)溫度過高時(shí),會(huì)進(jìn)行報(bào)警措施; ( 3) 對(duì)礦用電力設(shè)備的溫度,每一秒采集一次; ( 4) 上位機(jī)信息需與電力設(shè)備實(shí)際信息準(zhǔn)確對(duì)應(yīng); ( 5) 將采集的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù),時(shí)間等保存在相應(yīng)的 Excel表格中; ( 6) 液晶屏需每秒刷新一次,并且顯示無誤。 根據(jù)實(shí)際情況,礦用電力設(shè)備一般存在于環(huán)境相對(duì)惡劣的礦井下,考慮到實(shí)際的要求,我們所設(shè)計(jì)的系統(tǒng)功能如下: ( 1) 對(duì)各個(gè)電力設(shè)備進(jìn)行溫度采集; ( 2) 對(duì)各個(gè)電力設(shè)備終端具有液晶溫度顯示; ( 3) 各路由器有聯(lián)網(wǎng)指示燈,協(xié)調(diào)器有組網(wǎng)成功指示燈; ( 4) 將溫度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行無線傳輸?shù)絽f(xié)調(diào)器; ( 5) 使協(xié)調(diào)器對(duì)溫度數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行處理 ; ( 6) 協(xié)調(diào)器將處理過后的溫度數(shù)據(jù)傳輸至上位機(jī),使礦用電力設(shè)備溫度在線監(jiān)測; ( 7) 將所收集到的各個(gè)電力設(shè)備溫度的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行儲(chǔ)存,以便查找。在數(shù)據(jù)傳輸上,我們準(zhǔn)備采用無線傳輸技術(shù),使用無線傳輸,在基于 ZIGBEE技術(shù)的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)可以準(zhǔn)確的定位到電力設(shè)備所處的地理位置,可以更好的讓監(jiān)控人員了解到問題設(shè)備的所在,大大增強(qiáng)了排除隱患的可 能。所謂光纖傳感器,就是把信息轉(zhuǎn)化為光信號(hào),通過光纖進(jìn)行傳輸。 本論文的宗旨就是通過“一線總線”數(shù)字溫度傳感器 DS18B20 收集電力設(shè)備的溫度,使用在 ZigBee 科技基礎(chǔ)上的無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)將 DS18B20 獲取的熱能數(shù)據(jù)輸送到檢測樞紐進(jìn)行即時(shí)監(jiān)控解析,當(dāng)電力設(shè)備溫度超過規(guī)劃的溫度最高值,就會(huì)觸發(fā)警使工作人員得知,從而預(yù)示某個(gè)固定地點(diǎn)及有可能發(fā)生安全隱患,安全工人才能到現(xiàn)場進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的維護(hù)。僅僅是 20xx年,因電纜的質(zhì)量問題所導(dǎo)致的問題就頻頻發(fā)生, 11 月 2 日,湖南的立勝煤礦由于電力設(shè)備自身相連處發(fā)熱導(dǎo)致嚴(yán)重大火,共計(jì) 25 人因此喪生; 2 月中旬,陜西韓城某煤礦的電力設(shè)備安全事故,是因?yàn)殡娏υO(shè)備內(nèi)部導(dǎo)線短路引發(fā)火 災(zāi),導(dǎo)致 28 名工人喪失; 8月 16 日,相同的事情也是由于電力設(shè)備事故,山東招遠(yuǎn)金礦,造成了 16 人喪失; 不僅在煤礦區(qū),8 月 10 日,沈陽市萬達(dá)廣場的售樓中心,引發(fā)大火的因素是由于模型電力設(shè)備起火,造成 18人傷亡 。 關(guān)鍵詞 : 礦用電力設(shè)備,溫度監(jiān)測, ZIGBEE, DS18B2 Subject:Mine electrical equipment temperature online monitoring system design (hardware) Specialty: Automation Undergraduate:Bai Yang (Signature) Instructor: Guo Xiucai (Signature) ABSTRACT Modern electric field is high voltage, large capacity, the rapid development of large units, to the requirement of power system stability reliability of all equipments more and more high. When electric power equipment has a defect or failure occurs, the defective parts or the related parts of the critical temperature is rapidly rising because of fever, if not find and solve the fault in time, will be an enormous impact on the service life of electrical equipment. The final will cause the damage of all kinds of accident or power equipment. According to the problems at present, we analyzed and research, make the design. Because mine electrical equipment for power supply safety requirements is higher, we according to the relationship between the temperature and the electric power equipment, mining temperature online monitoring system for power equipment is designed. To achieve this function, the hardware, we use the temperature sensor DS18B20 the temperature of the electric power equipment acquisition, using high temperature alarm buzzer, using CC2530 temperature data of acceptance and delivery. On the software, we use the IAR software programming, and design good PC interface, make the staff can better understand the realtime monitoring. Our core technology is the ZIGBEE wireless data transmission, and DS18B20 temperature acquisition function. Through the handson, we solve the problem of difficult temperature acquisition and wireless transmission, longdistance transmission temperature was realized. Through our design of temperature measurement, wireless, alarm module, has reached the expected results. Mine electrical equipment temperature monitoring system based on the functions, can be seen from our experiment results, we can design of mine power equipment online monitoring system for temperature is has theoretical significance and application value, it can better protect mine explosionproof electrical equipment, to ensure the safety of the staff of life. In the future can be more used to measuring temperature of coal mine electric power equipment. KEY WORDS: mine electrical equipment, ZIGBEE, DS18B20, emperature monitoring 目錄 第一章 緒論 ........................................................ 1 課題研究背景目的及意義 .............................................. 1 礦用電力設(shè)備溫度在線監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)的研究現(xiàn)狀 .......................... 2 本論文的選題和研究內(nèi)容 .............................................. 2 本章小結(jié) .........................................................