【正文】 The Graduation Design for Bachelor39。本人完全意識到本聲明的法律后果由本人承擔(dān)。 第 3 章 變速器操縱機構(gòu)虛擬裝配 ................................................ 錯誤 !未定義書簽。 裝配過程 ........................................................................... 錯誤 !未定義書簽。s current situation. As one of the important parts of transmission system, the operation of transmission is the most frequent part in the vehicle handling the efficiency and quality of assembly of transmission operation is directly related to the transmission itself and the vehicle performance and whether the manufacturing quality is good or bad. To solve this problem, the successful application of virtual prototype technology can not only improve the assembly accuracy, but also shorten the product design cycle,which is important for engineering application value. By using the Pro / E software, this design,based on Pro / ENGINEER parametric modeling, modeled the various parts of the transmission control mechanism solidly, virtualed assembling process and realized the transmission control by dynamic simulation in order to make a further understanding of the transmission control assembly. This can essentially improve the manufacturing efficiency,save the labor resources and producting resources and accelerate the understangding about the process of auto enterprise production design, manufacturing and application. Key words： transmission control mechanism。 隨著虛擬 現(xiàn)實 技術(shù)在企業(yè)的實施推廣發(fā)展和應(yīng)用，對產(chǎn)品裝配設(shè)計提出了更高的要求：在協(xié)同的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)環(huán)境中，在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計階段就要求有關(guān)的工藝人員加入進來，對產(chǎn)品有關(guān)制造與裝配工藝可行性、最優(yōu)性進行分析，協(xié)助產(chǎn)品設(shè)計工作 ， 裝配設(shè)計作為產(chǎn)品開發(fā)的重要環(huán)節(jié)，除了需要先進的技術(shù)工具支持及其它環(huán)節(jié)集成之外，還需要考慮按照并行工程的思想來規(guī)劃裝配設(shè)計的全過程，并協(xié)調(diào)與其他環(huán)節(jié)的關(guān)系。 在傳統(tǒng)的 變速器操縱機構(gòu) 設(shè)計與制造過程中，首先是概念設(shè)計和方案論證，然后 2 進行產(chǎn)品設(shè)計 [3]。因而，用虛擬現(xiàn)實 技術(shù)開發(fā)產(chǎn)品可使開發(fā)周期縮短，設(shè) 計質(zhì)量和效率得到提高 同 傳統(tǒng)的基于物理樣機的產(chǎn)品開發(fā)過程相比，虛擬樣機的優(yōu)勢主要體在 [4]： (1)有利于 對 設(shè)計 進行 優(yōu)化，虛擬樣機易于修改，可以利用虛擬樣機對各種設(shè)計方案進行綜合比較，并選出最優(yōu)設(shè)計。它是虛 擬制造的關(guān)鍵技術(shù) 。 虛擬裝配技術(shù)以其能縮短產(chǎn)品生產(chǎn)周期， 降低成本，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的優(yōu)勢，成為國內(nèi)外制造業(yè)實施 CIMS研究和應(yīng)用的熱點。虛擬裝配能在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計階段通過數(shù)字化預(yù)裝配展示并改進產(chǎn)品的可裝配性，因而從裝配這一重要側(cè)面反映出產(chǎn)品的并行設(shè)計哲理。 虛擬裝配 關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié) 虛擬裝配關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié) 包括 裝配序列和路徑規(guī)劃 [8]。浙江大學(xué) CAD＆ CG國家重點實驗室開發(fā)了完全沉浸式虛擬裝配原型系統(tǒng) IVAS，提出通過“用戶引導(dǎo)的拆卸”進行拆卸過程仿真，得到零部件的拆卸順序和拆卸路徑，從而確定產(chǎn)品的裝配序列，通過實時碰撞檢測機制自動保證拆卸過程的有效性。本設(shè)計的主要內(nèi)容包括以下部分： (1)運 用三維軟件 Pro/E建立 變速器操縱機構(gòu) 零部件的三維幾何模型和裝配模型 。 20世紀(jì) 70年代及 80年代初是計算機繪圖的 迅猛 發(fā)展時期 [7]。實體模型有以下諸多優(yōu)點： (1)實體模型可以通過投影變換轉(zhuǎn)換為二維圖形，稍作修改即可輸出為工程圖 紙。Pro/E運用 參數(shù)化設(shè)計 理論 ，并且采用了單一數(shù)據(jù)庫來解決特征的相關(guān)性問題。這種獨特的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)與工程設(shè)計的完整的結(jié)合，使得一件產(chǎn)品的設(shè)計結(jié)合起來。 建模過程綜述 對于一個復(fù)雜機構(gòu)，其建模的方法一般是先創(chuàng)建多個零件，然后將這些零件裝配在一起。 (2)點選“類型”選項中的“零件”單選按鈕，點選子類型選項中的“實體”按鈕，并在名 稱文本框中輸入新建文件的名稱，取消勾選“使用默認(rèn)模板”復(fù)選框，單擊確定彈出新建文件選項的對話框。 圖 繪制 一二擋撥叉 外輪廓 (3)利用拉伸去除材料，作出撥叉軸孔 ， 如圖 。 圖 菜單管理器 (3)根據(jù)管理器選項依次選取“常數(shù)”“穿過軸”“右手定則”“完成”命令，選取“ Front”面為草繪平面，系統(tǒng)彈出“方向”選擇正向，單擊缺省設(shè)置進入草繪環(huán)境。 (3)拖動模型并創(chuàng)建快照 (按拆卸過程創(chuàng)建 )。 (5)播放動畫。 19 結(jié) 論 裝配工藝規(guī)劃對產(chǎn)品的制造成本有很大影響，較少的裝配方向和裝夾工具等將明顯地縮短裝配時間和降低裝配成本。 (3)如果在將來有機會進行與變速器相關(guān)的運動仿真與分析研究，我會在完成操縱機構(gòu) 進行 進一步分析的基礎(chǔ)上，對整個變速器做動態(tài)仿真，測量變速器中各齒輪、各軸、軸承、變速叉等零件的承受的載荷 ，分析結(jié)果并對其進行優(yōu)化。 22 附 錄 A Automotive Transmission The role of transmission: The output of the engine speed is very high, maximum power and maximum torque at a certain speed area. Engine in order to exert the best performance, it is necessary to have a variablespeed devices, to coordinate the engine speed and the actual wheel speed. Transmission process in the car, in between the engine and the wheels have a different gear ratio, by shifting the engine can work at their best performance of state power. Transmissions are the development trend of more and more plex, increasingly high degree of automation, automatic transmission will be the mainstream of the future. Transmission type. Automotive automatic transmission has three mon forms: namely, Automatic Transmission (AT), mechanical stepless automatic transmission (CVT), electriccontrolled mechanical automatic transmission (AMT). At present, the most widely used is the AT, AT almost bee synonymous with automatic transmission. AT Torque by Torque, and plaary gear and hydraulic control system ponents, through the hydraulic transmission and gear portfolio approach to achieve variablespeed torque variation. One of Hydraulic Torque is the most important parts, which pump wheels, turbines and ponents, such as guide pulley of the transmission of both torque and the role of clutch. AT pared with, CVT save the plex and cumbersome bination of variablespeed gear transmission, but the two groups to carry out variablespeed drive pulley. By changing the driving wheel and driven wheel contact belt speed radius. Canceled because of gear, so the transmission ratio can change speed more smoothly, without shifting sense of the sudden jump. AMT and Automatic Transmission (AT) are the same class has automatic transmission. It is in general based on the manual transmission, through the installation of microputercontrolled electric device to replace the original finish by the manual operation of the clutch of separation, joint, and block transmission of the election, motion shift, automatic shift implementation. 23 The general structure of automobile transmission: 1. Easy transmission of the basic structure: the shell, transmission and manipulation of some parts. (1)Shell: Shell is the basic pieces of support for the installation of transmission and storage of all parts lubricants. Has installed its bearing on the precision boring. Transmission under varying load, so the stiffness of the shell should be enough, there is to strengthen the wall, the shape of the plex, as many castings (gray cast iron materials, monly used HT200). In order to facilitate the installation, transmission and manipulation of some Split parts are frequently made, cover with the housing connected by bolts and reliable positioning. Shell has e on up, I put the