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四川省山丘區(qū)域農(nóng)村道路項目效益的實證研究原文譯文對照(完整版)

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【正文】 an, Jilin, Shanxi and Hebei) to analyze the relationship between the investment in rural infrastructure and farmers39。 Ever since the “Eleventh FiveYear Plan”, alllevel government and its traffic administrative departments focus on building a moderately prosperous society and serve the overall situation of building a new socialist countryside, trying to speed up the process of building rural roads. Then the rural roads unobstructed will be increased in great extent. (XUE zhiwei, 20xx). 四川省作為 一個山區(qū)大省,山區(qū)面積(含丘陵)超過全省總面積的 90%(陳國階, 20xx),道路的通達性差嚴重制約了山區(qū)的發(fā)展和農(nóng)村居民收入的提高。 Demand supply evaluation。 3. Postgraduation School of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, zip 100049 ) 摘要 Abstract 本文使用具有代表性的一手抽 樣調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù),從農(nóng)村道路項目供需現(xiàn)狀、社會效益和村民滿意度等三方面對近年來四川省山丘區(qū)域?qū)嵤┑霓r(nóng)村道路項目進行了綜合分析。 This article uses firsthand survey data representative of the supply and demand situation, social and villagers satisfaction tripartite rural road projects from the face of rural road projects implemented in recent years, Sichuan hilly region were analyzed. 研究表明:道路項目社會效益指數(shù)有所改善,村民對道路設施滿意度提高,大部分樣本村實施了村民最需要的道路項目,道路項目具有良好的效益。 Satisfaction 3 1 引言 1 Introduction 農(nóng)村公路是 公路網(wǎng) 的重要組成部分, 是與農(nóng)村、農(nóng)業(yè)和農(nóng)民關系最密切的公共基礎設施之一。 As a mountainous province, Sichuan’s mountainous areas (including hills) have covered over 90% of the total (CHEN guojie, 20xx). The poor road accessibility has seriously hampered the development of mountain areas and the increase of ine of rural residents. 而且由于山區(qū)農(nóng)戶布局分散,導致需要建設的公路里程遠比平原地區(qū)長,即使修建了大量的農(nóng)村公路,也難以達到鄉(xiāng)鄉(xiāng)通、村村通的目的(陳國階, 20xx)。 needs, finding no significant evidences about the correlation between the project implementation and farmers’ needs. 李強等( 20xx)利用全國的抽樣調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)對村級公共物品投資狀況進行分析,研究表明村民對道路的滿意度比較低但投資意愿較高。同樣的,在每個樣本鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)內(nèi)隨機抽取 2個村,全省共計調(diào)查了 20個樣本村。 The analysis to road conditions in hills and mountainous areas is mainly based on the questionnaires from village cadres. And the contents mainly include: the quantity and quality of present roads in the village, is there any asphalt road or cement road crossing the village。其計算方法是:根據(jù)村民對道路項目社會效益的判斷進行排序和打分,然后在 村級層面 加總并除以 樣本村村民數(shù) ,得到樣本村道路項目實施的社會效益指數(shù)。 The analysis to the villagers’ satisfactory degree is qualitatively determined by pretty satisfactory, satisfactory and unsatisfactory in the questionnaires of villagers to the roads in the village. Therefore, the satisfactory degree index is figured out by the following formula: the satisfactory degree index = (the proportion of very satisfactory 9 *1+ the proportion of satisfactory * + the proportion of the unsatisfactory *0) *100 3 農(nóng)村道路投資與道路設施現(xiàn)狀 3 Rural Roads Investment amp。 while hilly village include all three ways. 資金最終來源為村自籌資金和政府投資兩個部分,占道路項目投資的比重分別為 %和 %,其中,山區(qū)村分別為 %和 %,丘陵村分別為%和 %,山區(qū)村的資金來源以村自籌為主,丘陵村的投資主要來自于政府出資。 From the second survey of Sichuan hilly villages, in the total 20 samples there are 43 different types of road (see as Table 3), with an average roads each village, in which average per hilly village, road per mountain village 從道路類型而言,丘陵村水泥路和柏油路占全部道路的比重為 %,碎石路和土路分別占 %和 %;山區(qū)村水泥路所占比重為 %,碎石路和土路所占比重 分別為 %和 %。 in 20xx, 70% of the sample villages got asphalt / cement roads, mostly villagebased ones,half of which are asphalt / cement (see as Figure 1). 然而四川省山丘區(qū)特別是山區(qū)的農(nóng)村道路數(shù)量和通行狀況與中國東部、中部相比較仍處于較差的水平( 20xx 年底中國東、中部地區(qū)建制村通柏油路或水泥路比率分別為 %和 %)。 billion— billion。另外一個可能原因是與負責道路實施的單位不同有關,完全村民自籌資金實施項目多數(shù)由村民小組和村委會負責,由政府投資的項目主要由項目辦或?qū)I(yè)交通部門組織實施,兩者在技術和管理方面存在的顯著差距,也直接影響到道路投資的社會效益。 In terms of the three different investment ways of rural road projects, the governmentinvested social benefits index is highest, at 。 billion— billion。其中,山區(qū)村增加更為顯著,社會效益指數(shù)分值從 增加到 ,而丘陵村僅從 增加到 (見圖 2)。 in mountainous villages cement roads account for %, gravel and dirt road % and %. 從道路通行狀況而言,丘陵村除土路以外的其它道路均可滿足全年通行,而山區(qū)村僅有水泥路可以滿足全年通行,碎石路能滿足 512 個月的通行,土路僅能保證 5 個月通行。 From the perspective of average project size, all individual samples village road projects with an average investment size of 275,100 yuan. The mountainous villa ges is relatively large, about 424,300 yuan, and the hilly ones is 250,300 yuan. (see as Table 2). 表 1 樣本村實施道路項目的基本情況 山區(qū)村 丘陵村 所有的村 有道路項目的村的比例( %) 60 80 75 平均每個村的項目數(shù) Table 1. Basic road project implementation in sample villages Mountainous villages Hilly Villages All Villages Proportion of Village Road Projects( %) 60 80 75 Average Project Number in Every Village 表 2 樣本村道路項目的投資規(guī)模 山區(qū)村 丘陵村 合計平均 金額(萬元) 村自籌(萬元) 政府出資(萬元) 項目規(guī)模(萬元 /個) 11 Table 2 investment size of village road in sample villages Mountainous villages Hilly Villages Total Average Amount of Money (Ten thousand) Village Selffinance (Ten thousand) Government investment (Ten thousand) Project size (Ten thousand / item) 在山區(qū)村和丘陵村這兩種類型村中,雖然山區(qū)村單個道路項目投資規(guī)模相對較高,但有道路項目實施村的比例和平均每個村實施的道路項目數(shù)量均較丘陵村低。 In the survey, among all public investment projects implemented during 20xx20xx in sample villages, the road ones own the largest number. Their funds and average size are also in the top row. 75%的樣本村有道路方面的投資,其中山區(qū)村和丘陵村有道路項目的村所占比例分別是 60%和 80%。如果村民認為本村實施了多個道路項目,并且將不同道路項目排在了不同位置,則先計算每個道路項目的分數(shù),然后求平均值,即為該人對道路項目評價的效益分數(shù)。 if the village has 50,000 yuan, the villagers investment priority to the following five public facilities: roads, schools, irrigation works, drinking water facilities and clinics, the villagers satisfactory degree to the present roads. 評價農(nóng)村道路項目效 益的指標與方法 Index and Methods for Rural Roads Programs Effect 現(xiàn)有衡量農(nóng)村道路項目效益的方法主要有 3種:一種通過農(nóng)村道路投資的經(jīng)濟、生態(tài)等產(chǎn)出指標來反映;第二種由獨立評估機構對道路項目投資效益進行打分加以評價;第三種是由直接受益人對道路項目投資效益好壞、需求與供給、滿意狀況加以判斷或排序。在每個村分別對村干部和農(nóng)民通過問卷的形式進行參與式訪談。s survey data, showing that villagers’ satisfaction with the rural roads is relativ
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