【正文】 ...........................................................................5 世界鋁土礦的情況 ..............................................................6 國(guó)內(nèi)鋁土礦的情況 ..............................................................6 國(guó)內(nèi)氧化鋁工業(yè)現(xiàn)狀 ............................................................7 國(guó)內(nèi)氧化鋁工業(yè)的發(fā)展前景 ......................................................8 2 主要反應(yīng)物與產(chǎn)品性質(zhì) ..............................................................9 礦石資料 .....................................................................10 氧化鋁的性質(zhì) .................................................................10 鋁的性質(zhì) .....................................................................10 ...................................................................11 氨水的性質(zhì) ...................................................................11 3 生產(chǎn)工藝的選擇 [5] [15] [14] [13] ..........................................................12 氧化鋁的生產(chǎn)方法 [4] ............................................................12 酸法生產(chǎn)氧化鋁 ...........................................................12 堿法生產(chǎn)氧化鋁 ...........................................................12 電熱法生產(chǎn)氧化鋁 .........................................................13 生產(chǎn)工藝的選擇 —— 酸法工藝 ...................................................13 1 選擇依據(jù) .................................................................13 工藝的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新性 .........................................................14 鹽酸法工藝流程詳述 .......................................................14 影響反應(yīng)的因素 ...............................................................15 除雜 .........................................................................16 4 工藝流程物料和能量的計(jì)算 .........................................................16 物料衡算 .....................................................................16 鹽酸浸取的反應(yīng) ...........................................................16 過(guò)濾工段 1 ...............................................................18 萃取 [11] ...................................................................19 氨水用量的計(jì)算 ...........................................................20 過(guò)濾工段 2 ...............................................................21 蒸發(fā)水量 .................................................................22 .....................................................................23 能量衡算 .....................................................................23 物料條件 .................................................................23 ........................................................23 5 主要設(shè)備的計(jì)算與選型 [12] ...........................................................24 泵的選型 .....................................................................24 輸送 30%的鹽酸 ............................................................24 浸取礦漿從反應(yīng)器到板框過(guò)濾機(jī) ..............................................24 濾液從板框過(guò)濾機(jī)到萃取段 .................................................24 萃取水相進(jìn)入中和反應(yīng)器 ...................................................25 .........................................................25 過(guò)濾氫氧化鋁得到的濾液輸送至蒸發(fā)器 ........................................25 主要管道的計(jì)算與選型 .........................................................25 鹽酸管道的選擇 [7]..........................................................25 自來(lái)水管 .................................................................26 浸取礦漿從反應(yīng)器到板框過(guò)濾機(jī) ..............................................26 從過(guò)濾機(jī) 1到萃取槽 .......................................................26 氨水輸送至中和反應(yīng)池 .....................................................27 濾液輸送至蒸發(fā)器 .........................................................27 板框過(guò)濾機(jī)的選擇 .............................................................27 過(guò)濾鹽酸浸取礦漿 .........................................................27 過(guò)濾氫氧化鋁 .............................................................27 過(guò)濾氫氧化鐵 .............................................................28 儲(chǔ)罐選擇 .....................................................................28 鹽酸儲(chǔ)罐 .................................................................28 氨水貯罐 .................................................................28 反應(yīng)器 .......................................................................29 鹽酸浸取反應(yīng)器 1 ..........................................................29 中和反應(yīng)器 1..............................................................29 中和反應(yīng)器 2..............................................................30 氧化劑貯槽 ...................................................................30 萃取槽 .......................................................................30 .......................................................................31 離心機(jī) .......................................................................31 ......................................................................32 粉碎機(jī) ......................................................................32 ....................................................................32 泵的選型 ....................................................................32 泵的選型原則 ............................................................32 泵的造型依據(jù) ............................................................33 閥門(mén)的選擇 ..................................................................34 6 管路布置設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)考慮的問(wèn)題 .........................................................34 物料因素 .....................................................................34 管路布置 .....................................................................35 7 安全生產(chǎn)及三廢處理 ...............................................................35 安全生產(chǎn) .....................................................................35 “ 三廢 ” 治理 .................................................................36 化工污水的一般處理方法 .......................................