chap_06supply,demandandgovernmentpolicies(曼昆(完整版)
【正文】 ghts reserved Price without tax Tax ($) What was the impact of tax? ?Taxes discourage market activity. ?When a good is taxed, the quantity sold is smaller. ?Buyers and sellers share the tax burden. Quantity of IceCream Cones 0 Price of IceCream Cone 100 90 S1 S2 Demand, D1 Impact of a 50162。Supply, Demand and Government Policies Chapter 6 Supply, Demand, and Government Policies ?In a free, unregulated market system, market forces establish equilibrium prices and exchange quantities. ?While equilibrium conditions may be efficient, it may be true that not everyone is satisfied. ?One of the roles of economists is to use their theories to assist in the development of policies. Price Controls... ?Are usually enacted when policymakers believe the market price is unfair to buyers or sellers. ?Result in governmentcreated price ceilings and floors. Price Ceilings Price Floors Price Ceiling ?A legally established maximum price at which a good can be sold. Price Floor ?A legally established minimum price at which a good can be sold. Price Ceilings Two outes are possible when the government imposes a price ceiling: ? The price ceiling is not binding if set above the equilibrium price. ? The price ceiling is binding if set below the equilibrium price, leading to a shortage. A Price Ceiling That Is Not Binding... $4 3 Quantity of IceCream Cones 0 Price of IceCream Cone Demand Supply Price ceiling Equilibrium price 100 Equilibrium quantity Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 Tax on Sellers... Price without tax Price sellers receive $ Price buyers pay Equilibrium without tax Copyright 169。 , February 28, 2023 雨中黃葉樹(shù)，燈下白頭人。 2023年 2月 28日星期二 8時(shí) 27分 47秒 20:27:4728 February 2023 1做前，能夠環(huán)視四周；做時(shí)，你只能或者最好沿著以腳為起點(diǎn)的射線向前。 。勝人者有力，自勝者強(qiáng)。 2023年 2月 28日星期二 下午 8時(shí) 27分 47秒 20:27: 1最具挑戰(zhàn)性的挑戰(zhàn)莫過(guò)于提升自我。 2023年 2月 28日星期二 8時(shí) 27分 47秒 20:27:4728 February 2023 1空山新雨后，天氣晚來(lái)秋。 , February 28, 2023 很多事情努力了未必有結(jié)果，但是不努力卻什么改變也沒(méi)有。 :27:4720:27Feb2328Feb23 1故人江海別，幾度隔山川。 2023 by Harcourt, Inc. A Price Ceiling That Is Binding... $3 Quantity of IceCream Cones 0 Price of IceCream Cone 2 Demand Supply Equilibrium price Price ceiling Shortage 125 Quantity demanded 75 Quantity supplied Harcourt, Inc. items and derived items copyright 169。 2023 by Harcourt, Inc. Effects of Price Ceilings A binding price ceiling creates ... ? shortages because QD QS. ?Example: Gasoline shortage of the 1970s ? nonprice rationing ?Examples: Long lines, Discrimination by sellers Lines at the Gas Pump In 1973 OPEC raised the price of crude oil in world markets. Because crude oil is the major input used to make gasoline, the higher oil prices reduced the supply of gasoline. What was responsible for the long gas
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