【正文】 design of shared lobby of buildings, Asia Fire Protection 1, p. 58.[3] The Ministry of Public Security of the People’s Republic of China, 2006, Code for design of building fire protection and prevention GB 500152006.China Planning Press, Beijing[4] Tian Yumin, 2005. Function of fire elevator in evacuation and fire fighting, Fire Technique and Products Information 9, p. 34.[5] Wang Bing. Discussion on Problems of Fire Evacuation of Modular Highrise Housing [J]. Fire Science and Technology. 2009, 4: 182183.[6] Naohiro Takeichi, Yoshiyuki Yoshida, Tomonori Sano, etc, 2007. Characteristics of Merging Occupants in a Staircase, Fire Science and Technology 4,[7] Dai Wenyan, Qin Jian, Zhou Yuanyuan, 2012. Discussion on Setting of Residual Pressure Valve in Pressurization Design, Construction Science andTechnology 7, p 77.。 (2) Fire shall be controlled within one family。根據(jù)以上分析，如果建筑按照上述提供的建議進(jìn)行高層建筑的消防安全設(shè)計可以確保人員的安全疏散。轉(zhuǎn)換層應(yīng)設(shè)計層雙向的應(yīng)急通道，轉(zhuǎn)換層作為第二個出口，提供了一條應(yīng)急疏散線路，因此，一個樓梯著火了，上層居民可以通過其他樓梯撤離，通過這種方式，可以確保居民的安全疏散和滅火的順利進(jìn)行。 （2）樓梯應(yīng)提供自然采光和排煙措施 （3）如果前廳不能提供自然采光和排煙，那么應(yīng)設(shè)置機械防煙系統(tǒng)。因此，基于使用功能，結(jié)構(gòu)布局，以及高層住宅建筑中特有的火災(zāi)隱患等所存在的問題，列出消防安全目標(biāo)：（1） 所有人員必須在規(guī)定時間撤離到戶外（2） 防火落實到戶（3） 建筑有足夠的條件利于消防員滅火（4） 防火設(shè)計可以減少火災(zāi)隱患并減少財產(chǎn)損失5. 解決方案為了實現(xiàn)以上的消防目標(biāo)，提出下面的建議（1）轉(zhuǎn)換層應(yīng)開放不少于5%房間面積的機械排煙或自然排煙系統(tǒng)以便確保住戶安全通過。在這里，我把一個聯(lián)合高層建筑的消防安全設(shè)計作為例子。2. 高層建筑的火災(zāi)風(fēng)險因素通常高層住宅建筑火災(zāi)風(fēng)險包括以下:因為高層建筑的“煙囪效應(yīng)”，如果控制措施不夠，火和煙會通過樓梯、電梯和管道在短時間內(nèi)快速的蔓延到樓上。 外文資料來源及題目（注：含作者、書名、雜志名或外文數(shù)據(jù)庫名等，英文文章或段落標(biāo)題，原文附后）題目: Discussion on the fire safety design of a highrise building 作者 : 馬錢麗 郭偉摘自: Elsevier電子期刊全文庫關(guān)于一幢高層建筑的消防安全設(shè)計的研究馬錢利a 郭偉ba濱海新區(qū)分公司消防隊 中國 天津 濱海新區(qū)中心路7號 300457b天津消防和安全科學(xué)研究所 中國 天津 南開區(qū)魏晉南路110號 30387摘要：高層住宅建筑在消防安全設(shè)計上的幾個問題：疏散樓梯和電梯不能從頂部運行到地上，居民無法轉(zhuǎn)移到建筑物外。因此，分析了我國北方的一幢高層建筑的消防安全設(shè)計，以它為例子來為同類建筑的消防安全設(shè)計提供參考。在中國北方，因為冬天寒冷，大多數(shù)高層住宅建筑是成組的，居民通常選擇擁有足夠陽光的房間。見圖2圖3 消防樓梯和樓梯的共享間4. 消防安全目標(biāo)通常，消防安全目標(biāo)可能包括生命和財產(chǎn)安全，遺產(chǎn)和環(huán)境保護(hù)，然而，消防安全目標(biāo)會隨建筑的使用功能，結(jié)構(gòu)形式和高度有所不同。不允許有開門的樓梯，為的是防止煙霧延到樓梯。例如，安裝防火門能有效的防止火災(zāi)和煙霧從大堂蔓延到家庭。增壓設(shè)備可以防止煙霧過道和大堂。 fire lift1. Introduction “” Shanghai disastrous fire aroused profound consideration of the fire safety of highrise residential buildings inChina. This disaster was caused by the energysaving project of the building, not because of the design of the highriseuilding itself, however, how to improve the fire safety of highrise residential buildings and to safeguard the life safety ofthe residents has bee the most important issue that must be considered seriously during the fire safety design of this kindof building. Therefore, analysis of the problems in the fire safety design of a highrise building in the north part of China hasbeen done as an example to provide references for the fire safety design of the same kind of buildings in the other areas ofChina.2. Fire risks of the highrise residential building Fire risks of the highrise residential building usually include the followings. (1) Rapid fire and smoke spread. Because of the “chimney effect” of the highrise building, fire and smoke can spread to the upper floors very rapidly through staircases, elevator shafts and ducts in a very short time if the fire and smoke control measures are not adequate. (2) Difficult fire fighting and rescue. Factors like the height of the building, the inadequate fire fighting equipment and fire fighting at an elevated heightcertainly increase the difficulties of the fire fighting in a highrise building. Moreover, the current cladding systems of mosthighrise buildings in China are bustible, which contribute a lot to the vertical spread of fire. In th