【正文】 為經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)而使用的碳能源供應(yīng)強(qiáng)度大大降低，從而能碳排放量也大大降低。在目前階段，對(duì)于主流氣候變化的國(guó)內(nèi)政策它是很難的。是什么使局勢(shì)更加復(fù)雜，現(xiàn)在是美國(guó)，中國(guó)，印度和其他主要國(guó)家將如何參與建立一個(gè)低碳市場(chǎng)。達(dá)到不同的峰值的一些驅(qū)動(dòng)力已在顯示過去經(jīng)歷和未來情景的分析圖1中表示出來了。一個(gè)應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的法律和監(jiān)管框架將逐漸浮出水面。有關(guān)準(zhǔn)則，以及低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)雜性和多樣性模型，均表示應(yīng)推出的宏觀政策指導(dǎo)和規(guī)范的內(nèi)容，模式，發(fā)展方向和評(píng)估指標(biāo)體系的低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)。多樣化的低碳技術(shù)體系將為節(jié)能和能源利用率逐步建立，比如清潔煤和清潔能源，可再生能源和新能源，以及碳沉降。需要與所有公民采取聯(lián)合行動(dòng)，以抵御氣候變化的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。中國(guó)可以考慮自愿或強(qiáng)制性標(biāo)桿管理用以提升低碳發(fā)展的一些關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，已達(dá)到設(shè)備和產(chǎn)品的國(guó)際領(lǐng)先水平。（3）加強(qiáng)合作，建立一個(gè)健康的低碳技術(shù)體系。（2）低碳發(fā)展建立長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制的框架，并規(guī)定有序低碳發(fā)展的相關(guān)政策。構(gòu)建一個(gè)低碳社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的主要出發(fā)點(diǎn)有四個(gè)方面：（1）建立一個(gè)法律和監(jiān)管框架以應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化和改善宏觀管理體制。從工業(yè)化國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和碳排放之間的關(guān)系的歷史演變中，大多數(shù)國(guó)家先后經(jīng)歷碳排放強(qiáng)度，人均碳排放量，碳排放總量倒U形曲線。在國(guó)際層面上，低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的不確定因素包括：成本和市場(chǎng)——在這一刻，我們也難以真正能夠估計(jì)一個(gè)低碳經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所必需的全部費(fèi)用。需要澄清的是，由于各國(guó)社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)背景的差異，對(duì)一個(gè)低碳未來的出發(fā)點(diǎn)或者追求的目標(biāo)可能有所不同。立法的發(fā)展道路，體現(xiàn)了一個(gè)綜合的解決方案戰(zhàn)略。當(dāng)發(fā)展中國(guó)家的減排目標(biāo)，中國(guó)將考慮這樣的發(fā)展水平，技術(shù)訣竅，社會(huì)影響力，國(guó)際形象和新的國(guó)際氣候制度的公平性和有效性的基礎(chǔ)因素。在過去50年中，在極端天氣和氣候事件的頻率和強(qiáng)度上也出現(xiàn)了重大變化（中國(guó)國(guó)家評(píng)估報(bào)告氣候變化的編輯委員會(huì)，2007）。盡管全球氣候保護(hù)的進(jìn)程取決于我們的科學(xué)意識(shí)的共識(shí)，政治意愿，經(jīng)濟(jì)利益，社會(huì)的接受程度，以及采取的措施，低碳（LC）的發(fā)展道路，無疑是人類未來發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵選擇。 instead, it requires all related stakeholders’ as well as the whole society’s participation. Owing to the fact that there exist some inadequacies in the general public’s awareness of climate change, publicity, education and training are required in bination with policy incentives to transform the public’s perception and thinking, increase the public’s awareness on response to climate change and gradually reach consensus on focusing on LC consumption behaviours and models. Joint actions with all the stakeholders are needed to resist the potential risks from climate change.References：EIA (2008), International Energy Outlook, EIA, USDOE, Washington, DC. He, J. (2008), “Addressing climate change through developing low carbon economy”, Keynote Speech in SinoDanish Forum on Climate Change, Beijing October 23. IEA (2008), World Energy Outlook 2008, IEA, Paris.IPCC (2007a), Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability, available at: IPCC (2007b), Climate Change 2007: Mitigation of Climate Change, available at: IPCC (2007c), Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report, available at: IPCC (2007d), Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basic, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.Jiang, K. (2007), “A scenario research on China’s greenhouse gas emissions”,International Climate Change Regime: A Study on Key Issues in China, China Environmental Sciences Press, Beijing, pp. 824.Stiglitz, . (2009), “Three ways to global economic recovery”, available at: Wang, Y. (2008a), “A low carbon path with Chinese characteristics”, Greenleaf, No. 8, pp. 4652.Wang, Y. (2008b), Summary of SinoDanish Forum on Climate Change: Not to Delay Climate Change Progress by Financial Crisis, available at: 中文翻譯：中國(guó)低碳發(fā)展的途徑摘要：目的：這篇論文的是探索中國(guó)現(xiàn)存的政策和針對(duì)低碳發(fā)展政策的其他可選方向。本科畢業(yè)論文外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文文獻(xiàn)、資料題目 China’s Pathway to Lowcarbon Development文獻(xiàn)、資料來源： Journal of Knowledgebased Innovation in China文獻(xiàn)、資料發(fā)表（出版）日期： , 2010院 （部）： 管理工程學(xué)院專 業(yè)： 工程造價(jià)山東建筑大學(xué)畢業(yè)論文外文文獻(xiàn)及譯文外文文獻(xiàn)China’s Pathway to Lowcarbon DevelopmentAbstractPurpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore China’s current policy and policy options regarding the shift to a lowcarbon (LC) development.Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses both a literature review and empirical systems analysis of the trends of socioeconomic conditions, carbon emissions and development of innovation capacities in China.Findings – The analysis shows that a holistic solution and cobene?t approach are needed for China’s transition to a green and LC economy, and that, especially for developing countries, it is not enough to have only goals regarding mitigation and adaptation. Instead, a concrete roadmap towards a LC future is needed that addresses key issues of technology transfer, institutional arrangements and sharing the costs in the context of a global climate regime. In this light, it is argued that China should adopt an approach for lowcarbon development centred on carbon intensity reduction over the next ten years.Originality/value – The paper thus provides a unique summary, in English, of the arguments supporting China’s current lowcarbon innovation policies from one of the authors of this policy. Keywords：Carbon, Sustainable development, Environmental management, Government policy, ChinaPaper type – Research paperClimate change has bee the most signi?cant environment and development challenge to human society in the twenty?rst century. Responding to climate change is the core task to achieving global sustainable development, both for today and for a rather long period of time from today. International negotiations on prevention of global warming and related actions not only concern the human living environment, but also directly impact the modernization process