【正文】 t/ (eat 吃)輔音+元音+輔音：/n/+/i:/+/d/=/ni:d/ (need需要)3. 規(guī)則總結(jié)i: police, machineea: sea, leaveei: receive, deceite: she, eve, eveningee: sweet, meetie: believe, thief/u:/1. 發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：/u:/為長元音，舌端離開下齒；舌后部抬高；唇形盡量收縮得小而圓并且向前突出。/ /h/ /r/破擦音：/?/ /?/ /?/ /?/ /dr/ /tr/本次學(xué)習(xí)我們將元音按照第一種分類方法來學(xué)習(xí)，輔音將按兩種分法結(jié)合來學(xué)習(xí)。如漢語拼音字母、英語的韋氏音標(biāo)和國際音標(biāo)等。狹義上的“音標(biāo)”意思就是指英語音標(biāo)。【知識梳理】長元音：/ɑ:/，/?:/，/?:/， /i:/，/u:/ /ɑ:/1. 發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：/ɑ:/為長元音，舌端離開下齒，舌后部略抬高，口張開，開口最大，唇形自然略成圓形。 發(fā)音訣竅：嘴唇撅起，圓而突，音拉長。/=/f230。2． 單詞舉例：元音+輔音：/i/+/z/=/iz/ (is 是)輔音+元音+輔音：/b/+/i/+/t/=/bit/ (bit 一點(diǎn)兒)3． 規(guī)則總結(jié)i: pig, film, kicky: gym, copy, pitye: expect, goodness, carelessa: cabbageo: womenei:foreignui: buildingey: money/?/1. 發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：注意/?/為短元音，舌端離開下齒，舌身盡量降低，后縮，舌后部抬高；雙唇稍稍收圓，開口大。2．單詞舉例輔音+元音：/t/+/ u/=/tu/ (to 對，向)輔音+元音+輔音：/f/+/u/+/t/=/fut/ (foot 腳)3. 規(guī)則總結(jié)oo: hood, hookput: put, pull, fulloul: would, shouldo: woman【例題精講】一、讀出下列音標(biāo)。2．單詞舉例輔音+元音：/h/+/ai/=/hai/ (high 高)元音+輔音：/ai/+/s/ =/ais/ (ice 冰)輔音+元音+輔音：/n/+/ai/+/t/=/nait/ (night 夜晚)3．規(guī)則總結(jié)y: fly, cryi: niceigh: high, lightie: lieei: eitheruy: buy/?i/1. 發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：雙元音，先發(fā)/?i/,下顎迅速向上合攏，自然向/i/滑動，不到/i/，中間無停頓。先發(fā)/u/，快速自然向/?/滑動。/d/濁輔音，聲帶振動。多音節(jié)劃分technique=tech/tek/+nique/`ni:k/=/tek`ni:k/ (technique 技術(shù))grammar=gram/` gr230。/240。多音節(jié)劃分Sunday=sun/`s?n/+day/di/=/``s?ndi/ (Sunday 周日)zebra= ze/`zi:/+bra/br?/=/`zi:br?/ (zebra 斑馬)規(guī)則總結(jié)/s/: city, same, kiss, face, science/z/: cars, zoo, buzz/?/和/?/：/?/和/?/發(fā)音部位和發(fā)音方法相同：舌前端接近上齒齦，舌身向上抬向硬腭，氣流從舌和硬腭及上齒齦之間縫隙流出，舌前端和硬腭摩擦成音。/p/ page 頁 plane 飛機(jī) post 郵寄 up 向上 lamp 燈/ｂ/ both 兩者都 beat 打 baby 嬰兒 lab 實(shí)驗(yàn)室 club 俱樂部/t/ teach 教 ticket 票 taste 嘗 write 寫 sit 坐 rest 休息/d/ date 日期 die 死亡 dust 灰塵 friend 朋友 head 頭 kind 和善的/k/ key 鑰匙 kill 殺死 king 國王 talk 談話 cook 燒／煮/ɡ/ goat 山羊 gas 氣 gun 搶 egg 蛋 dig 挖 leg 腿 朗讀下面的單詞，注意單詞中摩擦音的發(fā)音。/t?//d?/chingin cheerjeer chokejoke watchwage3. 規(guī)則總結(jié)/t?/：change, watch, future/d?/: major, judge, giant, garage, procedureB. /tr/和/dr/ 1. 發(fā)音要領(lǐng)：發(fā)音部位和發(fā)音方法相同：舌尖頂上齒齦，先不發(fā)音，然后舌尖立即離開上齒齦，向上齒齦后部與硬腭連接處翹起，同時(shí)雙唇撅起，氣流從舌面和上齒齦后部之間縫隙流出，發(fā)出破擦音。嘴呈開口狀態(tài)，舌尖抵上齒齦，氣流涌出鼻腔，同時(shí)聲帶振動，就發(fā)出/n/了。類似漢語的“爺”的短促音。加強(qiáng)學(xué)生對音標(biāo)的記憶，這對音標(biāo)的分類學(xué)習(xí)有極大的好處。]：bag am and at sad a在輔音字母s,th,f,n,ph前讀[ɑ:]：class fast grasp ask father after dance grapha在[w]后讀[?]或[?:]：want what water[w?:t?]a在ny前讀[e]：any manya弱讀時(shí)讀[?]：along about banana Canana Chinaa在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[?]：orange cabbagea讀[e?]：Maryai讀[e?]：rain train waitai讀[?]：captain ai讀[e]：saiday讀[e?]：day may okay play todayay弱讀讀[?]：Sunday holidayay讀[e]：saysair讀[e?]：air hair chairal在多數(shù)輔音字母前讀[?:]（f,m除外）：all ball call fall hall mall small talk tall wallal還讀[?:l]（特別當(dāng)后面不是k,f,m時(shí)）：also saltal在輔音字母f,m前讀[ɑ:]：half palmar在重讀音節(jié)中讀[ɑ:]：:car far park arm starar在[w]后讀[?:]：warm quarterar弱讀讀[?]：sugarare讀[e?]：care hare parentass在重讀音節(jié)中讀[ɑ:s]：class glass grass passau在重讀音節(jié)中讀[?:]：August autumn daughterau讀[?]：Australiaau還讀作[ɑ:]：aunt laughaw在重讀音節(jié)中讀[?:]：draw saw lawawe讀[?:]：awe awed awelessⅡ. 元音字母e及e+其他字母的讀音e在重讀開音節(jié)中讀[i:]：he she me wee在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[e]：pen bed yes egg deske在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[?]：begin English pretty cinemae弱讀讀[?]：student open children differente讀[??]：zero cereal seriouse讀[j]：Europeea在重讀音節(jié)中讀[i:]：tea eat meatea讀[e]：bread head breakfastea讀[e?]：great breakea讀[??]：real really idea cerealear讀[?:]：learn earth early heardear讀[e?]：pear wear bearear讀[??]：ear dear hear near clearear讀[ɑ:]：hearted在大部分清輔音后讀[t]（[t]除外）：watched washed cooked helped danceded在元音和濁輔音后讀[d]([d]除外)：played cleaned climbed answered arrived aired boiled emptied enjoyed crieded在[t][d]后讀[?d]：wanted neededee在重讀音節(jié)中讀[i:]：see tree seeeer讀[??]：beer deer pioneerei讀[i:]：receiveei讀[e?]：veil veinei在gh前讀[e?]：eight eighteen eightyeir讀[e?]：their theirseo讀[i:]：peopleer在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[?:]：her termer在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[?]：father mother brother sisterere讀[??]：hereere讀[e?]：there wherees在濁輔音（[?][?][d?]除外）及元音后，es發(fā)[z]：leaves thieves knives wivespotatoes tomatoes heroes Negroes goes does families storieses在[s][z][?][?][t?][d?]后讀[?z]：buses blouses dishes garages watchesorangesew讀[ju:]：new newspaper reviewew在l,r,j后讀[u:]：flew grew Jewex讀[eks]：exercise exitex讀[?ks]：excle expensive extinctex讀[?gz]：exam examination exactlyey讀[i:]：keyey讀[?]：monkey valleyey讀[e?]：theyⅢ. 元音字母i及i+其他字母的讀音i在重讀開音節(jié)中讀[a?]：time like ricei在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[?]：big six siti讀[i:]：police policeman policewoman machinei弱讀讀[?]：holiday Aprili在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[?]：taxii讀[j]：onion review million billion brilliant behaviouri在元音字母a,e,o前讀[a?]：dialogue quiet pioneeri在g前讀[a?]：sign high light righti在nd前讀[a?]：find behindi在ld前讀[a?]：childi在re前讀[a?]：fire tired retire ie在重讀音節(jié)中輔音字母前讀[i:]：piece field believe thiefie在重讀音節(jié)詞詞尾讀[a?]：lie dieir在重讀音節(jié)中讀[?:]：bird girl firstⅣ.元音字母o及o+其他字母的讀音o在重讀開音節(jié)中讀[??]：go no nose homeo在輔音字母st,ld前讀[??]：post oldo在重讀閉音節(jié)中讀[?]：hot on not sorryo讀[?:]：storyo在輔音字母m,n,v和th前讀[?]：e none love othero讀[u:]：do to whoo在w后讀[?]：woman wolfo在非重讀音節(jié)中讀[?]：today policemanoa在重讀音節(jié)中讀[??]：boat coatoar讀[?:]：board blackboard cardboardoar讀[?]：cupboardoe讀[??]：woeoe讀[u:]：shoeoi讀[??]：oil toilet boil soiloo一般讀[u:]：too zoo food pool boot schooloo在d,k和少數(shù)t前讀[?]：book look good footoo讀[?]：blood floodoor讀[?:]：door flooroor讀[??]：pooror在重讀音節(jié)中讀[?:]：or for short sportor在[w]后讀[?:]：work word worldor讀[?]：doctor forget mirrorore讀[?:]：more beforeou在多數(shù)情況下讀[a?]：out about house blouseou在ght前讀[?:]：bought brought thoughtou讀[?]：touch country enough youngou讀[u:]：soup group throughou讀[??]：shoulder thoughou讀[?]：coughou讀[?]：delicious previousoul讀[?]：could would shouldour讀[?:]：four yourour讀[?:]：journalist journalour讀[?]：colourour讀[??]：tourour讀[a??]：our hourow讀[a?]：how now cowow讀[??]：show know yellow windowowe或ower讀[a??]：towel floweroy讀[??]：boy toy emplo