【正文】 scribed as large, light, and handled with the hands. Players could not move the ball by running alone, and none of the players was restricted against handling the ball. The playing area was also open to all players, but there was to be no physical contact between players。s basketball. Until World War II, basketball became increasingly popular in the United States especially at the high school and college levels. After World War II, its popularity grew around the world. In the 1980s, interest in the game truly exploded because of television exposure. Broadcast of the NCAA Championship Games began in 1963, and, by the 1980s, cable television was carrying regular season college games and even high school championships in some states. 。 smaller gyms used five players on a side, and the larger gyms allowed seven to nine. The team size became generally established as five in 1895, and, in 1897, this was made formal in the rules. The YMCA lost interest in supporting the game because 1020 basketball players monopolized a gymnasium previously used by many more in a variety of activities. YMCA membership dropped, and basketball enthusiasts played in local halls. This led to the building of basketball gymnasiums at schools and colleges and also to the formation of professional leagues. Although basketball was born in the United States, five of Naismith39。s disorder (a related condition in which the baby develops in an apparently normal manner through age five months, and then begins to lose municative and social interaction skills). There is also evidence of a higher proportion of perinatal plications (plications arising around the time of giving birth) among children with autistic symptoms. These plications include maternal bleeding after the first trimester and meconium in the amniotic fluid. (Meconium is a substance that accumulates in the bowel of the developing fetus and is discharged shortly after birth.) Some evidence suggests that the use of medications during pregnancy may be related to the development of autistic symptoms. As newborns, children with autistic behaviors show a higher rate of respiratory illness and anemia than healthy children. ALLERGIES, INFECTIONS, AND IMMUNIZATIONS. Some professionals believe that autistic disorders may be caused by allergies to particular fungi, viral infections, and various foods. No controlled studies have supported these beliefs, but some parents and professionals report improvement when allergens and/or certain foods are eliminated from the diet. Viral infections of the mother, such as rubella, or of the young child, such as encephalitis, mumps, and measles, occasionally appear to cause autistic disorders. The mon childhood immunization series known as MMR (measles, mumps, rubella) has recently e under scrutiny as a possible cause of some autistic can make a true claim to being the only major sport that is an American invention. From high school to the professional level, basketball attracts a large following for live games as well as television coverage of events like the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) annual tournament and the National Basketball Association (NBA) and Women39。 為了在人才競爭中引得人才、留住人才 ， 建 筑企業(yè)要 不斷提高現(xiàn)代企業(yè)管理水平，塑造良好的人格魅力， 才 能夠吸引和留住更多、更好的人才，使企業(yè)不斷壯大和發(fā)展。我的畢業(yè)論文在指導(dǎo)老師的悉心指導(dǎo)下完成的，從課題的選擇到項目的最終完成，指導(dǎo)老師根據(jù)我的從業(yè)經(jīng)驗結(jié)合我的所學(xué)專業(yè)給我指出了正確的論文方向，使我加深了對知識的理解。 12 第五章 總結(jié)與展望 隨著宏觀經(jīng)濟環(huán)境的改善，建筑企業(yè)面臨著新一輪巨大的發(fā)展機會，企業(yè)間的競爭也迅速加劇。企業(yè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，尤其是企業(yè)人力資源部門要多與員工溝通，了解他們的生活，看他們真正需要的是金錢、發(fā)展還是其他的，盡可能拉近與職工的距離感，使他們把企業(yè)當(dāng)成一個真正的大家庭。 留人方面的策略 建立情感管理方式，增強員工歸屬 感 由于每個員工的文化層次、價值觀念、人生經(jīng)歷、社會地位等不同，對企業(yè)的制度從理解到接受總有一個過程。松下公司提出 “ 把平凡的人造就成非凡的人 ” ，強調(diào)的就是挖掘人的潛力。 對組織的重要性表現(xiàn)在：第一，使員工與組織共同發(fā)展，以適應(yīng)組織發(fā)展與變革；第二，為組織培養(yǎng)后備人才 ，特別是高級管理人才和高級技術(shù)人才；第三，從組織內(nèi)部培養(yǎng)的員工在組織適應(yīng)性方面比從外面招聘的更強；第四，滿足員工的發(fā)展需要，增強員工對組織的忠誠，留住員工，特別是優(yōu)秀員工。 給員工設(shè)置較高的工作標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，激發(fā)員工的動力 在一定程度上，人的求知欲望需要外界因素的激發(fā)。不僅考查員工是否遵守約定的時間，更要考驗其是是遵守約定的內(nèi)容，講信用，講實際。而一個心理素質(zhì)欠佳的人，不能及時調(diào)整情緒，勢必會影響他的工作效率和質(zhì)量。 建筑企業(yè)應(yīng)利用好自身優(yōu)勢，企業(yè)除應(yīng)樹立“以人為中心”的管理思想外，還必須有科學(xué)的人才觀。這是因為員工的流失很可能會刺激更大范圍的人員流失，而且向其他的員工提示還有其他的選擇機會存在。在這種情況下，很容易導(dǎo)致企業(yè)對人力資本的投資受到限制，甚至打擊企業(yè)的人力資本投資積極性?！叭瞬攀墙M織最重要的資本”， 流失人才就意味著要付出巨大的成本，意味著資產(chǎn)的損失。如個人的能力或健康狀況不能勝任工作，現(xiàn)有的工作不符合自己的職業(yè)取向等，都可能造成員工離職。這方面的因素包括：職位的單調(diào)性、工作任務(wù)的重復(fù)性、工作任務(wù)的挑戰(zhàn)性、職位的自主權(quán)和責(zé)任等。這種情況必然導(dǎo)致企業(yè)的 企業(yè)文化 、經(jīng)營理 念難以達(dá)成全員共識，企業(yè)精神缺乏鮮明特色，企業(yè)凝聚力明顯不足。 隨著體制改革的深化，在宏觀經(jīng)濟環(huán)境和微觀經(jīng)濟主體的內(nèi)在條件發(fā)生深刻變化的情況下， 建筑企業(yè) 面臨的競爭對手日益強大和多樣化，競爭變得更為激烈，僅僅依 靠 機制靈活而獲取大量市場機會的時代不復(fù)存在。建筑企業(yè)要在激烈的市場競爭中贏得一席之地，進(jìn)而不斷發(fā)展 壯大，必須具備一批德才兼?zhèn)涞膬?yōu)秀人才，這些優(yōu)秀人才是企業(yè)取得成功的寶貴資源和財富。 畢業(yè)論文（設(shè)計） 題 目： 建筑企業(yè)如何選人、留人 姓 名： 指 導(dǎo) 教 師 ： 專 業(yè) 名 稱 ： 層 次： 本 科 函授站名稱： 衡陽工業(yè)職工大學(xué) 2022 年 3 月 目 錄 摘 要 .........................................................Ⅰ ABSTRACT.........................................................Ⅱ 第一章 緒論 研究背景 .................................................1 建筑企業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀 ..........................................1 本文的主要工作 ..........................................1 第二章 建筑企業(yè)難以留住人才的原因 .......................2 企業(yè)內(nèi)部原因 ...........................................2 企業(yè)文化建設(shè)薄弱滯后，企業(yè)精神模糊 ..............2 管理方式落后，激勵機制不完善 .....................2 人員招聘帶有盲目性，“留人難” ....................3 工作內(nèi)容的影響 .....................................3 企業(yè)外部原因 .............................................3 個人原因 ..................................................4 第三章 員工流失對企業(yè)的影響 ................................4 成本的損失 ..............................................5 技術(shù)的損失與糾紛 .......................................5 企業(yè)交流模式和形象的影響 .............................5 工作績效的干擾 ...........................