1胸部的體表標(biāo)志熟悉胸部常用體表標(biāo)志,包括骨骼標(biāo)志、自(完整版)
【正文】 d heard normally over the lungs during maximum inspiration. 5 Tympany is difficult to describe but implies that the sound is moderately loud and fairly well sustained, with a musical quality in which a specific pitch is often noted. It is normally heard in the left upper quadrant of the abdomen over the air filled stomach or over any hollow viscus. The pitch of tympany is variable, but it is usually highpitched, clear, hollow, and drumlike. Percussion notes and their characteristics R e l a t i v e i n t e n s i t y R e l a t i ve p i t c h R e l a t i v e d u r a t i o n e x a m p l e l o c a t i o n F l at n e s s s of t h i g h s h or t T h i g h Du l l n e s s M e di u m m e di u m M e di u m Re s on an c e L ou d L ow L on g Nor m a l l u n g H y p e r r e s onan c e V e r y l ou d L owe r L on g e r Non e n or m a l l y t y m p an y l ou d Hig h L on g Ga s t r i c a i r bu bbl e o f puf f e d o u t c h e e k ?Influencing factors for percussion 肺下界移動范圍 檢查時先于平靜呼吸時在肩胛下角線上叩出肺下界 ， 劃一標(biāo)記 ， 然后分別在被評估者深吸氣與深呼氣后 ， 屏住呼吸 ，再在同一線上自上而下叩出肺下界并作標(biāo)記 。其強弱取決于支氣管是否通暢，胸壁傳導(dǎo)是否良好。 A． Review 1． Review skeleta1 1andmarks． 2． topographic description of location for any positive physical findings： normal or abnormal． B． Methods 3． Examiner should stand facing the patient and observe the shape and symmetry of the chest. 4． Measure respiratory rate． 5． palpate
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