【正文】 ，將需要 找到新的方法以更小的生產(chǎn)來維持成本的優(yōu)勢(shì)，做到這一點(diǎn)的一種方法就是選擇一個(gè)過程，以提高工程的執(zhí)行力，這個(gè)過程提高最大的靈活性去利用壓縮機(jī)，熱交換器，并且和許多競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的供應(yīng)商一起控制?？紤]液化天然氣摩托車中電能的產(chǎn)生和分配可 以進(jìn)一步使比較復(fù)雜化。一個(gè)有效率的進(jìn)程可以通過較低的氣量或者是從氣 13 田中擴(kuò)大天然氣生產(chǎn)平臺(tái)來考慮降低成本，以此使工程更有利可圖 。全電動(dòng)驅(qū)動(dòng)器配置的實(shí)施，更是難以減少經(jīng)濟(jì) 性 ，由于在較少的單位電力負(fù)荷變化的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng) 中 管理困難，更低成本渦輪機(jī)的使用成了問題。通過使用釬焊鋁熱交換器和雙混合制冷劑，使壓縮機(jī)和驅(qū)動(dòng)器達(dá)到最佳匹配，由此產(chǎn)生的過程將會(huì)有一個(gè)更低的功耗要求，并且 有 一個(gè)比傳統(tǒng)技術(shù)更低的資本成本 ， 釬焊鋁熱交換器的 DMR 過程表 明一個(gè)單位耗資有優(yōu)勢(shì)。 17 指導(dǎo)教師審閱意見 ： 指導(dǎo)教師： 年 月 日 。在許多情況下，這些其它領(lǐng)域不能聚合成一個(gè)大 工程 的各種原因有：一些商業(yè)利益的調(diào)整、為了更困難的資源而等待降低開發(fā)成本、或者是 附近 LNG 工程 資源正在進(jìn)行中。 壓縮機(jī) 壓縮機(jī)表現(xiàn)出非常高的經(jīng)濟(jì) 性， 制冷劑壓縮成本主要是 所需 壓縮機(jī)數(shù)量的 函數(shù)， 因此，最重要的是要減少壓縮機(jī)的數(shù)量。調(diào)整自己的過程，使其資本和熱效率的過程中協(xié)議業(yè)主的編好和約束 ， 然而，他們總不能在最后的分析中控制成本（包括設(shè)備及安裝）。然而“棒內(nèi)置”的液化天然氣廠仍然傳統(tǒng)，模塊化的液化天然氣設(shè)施對(duì)于近海地區(qū)的應(yīng)用或者是勞動(dòng)成本高且生產(chǎn)率低的地方更具吸引力。 工藝比較 液化天然氣的工藝過程往往受到具體功率（即火車做功除以壓縮機(jī)做功）的高度影響，這顯然是一個(gè)重要的參數(shù)，因?yàn)橹评鋲嚎s機(jī)在一輛液化天然氣火車上是最 12 大的成本和最大的能源消耗體。 背景 在卡塔爾，每年 780 萬噸載重的火車標(biāo)志著目前在液化天然氣工業(yè)方面經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)模探索的最高峰。 1 某某學(xué)校 畢業(yè) 設(shè)計(jì) （ 論文 ）外文 文獻(xiàn) 翻譯 （本科學(xué)生用） 題 目： 為了未來的發(fā)展，液化天然氣工藝處理過程中應(yīng)該注意的問題 學(xué) 生 姓 名： 學(xué)號(hào) ： 學(xué) 部 （系） :城市建設(shè)工程學(xué)部 專 業(yè) 年 級(jí) :級(jí)建筑環(huán)境與設(shè)備工程班 指 導(dǎo) 教 師： 年月日 2 LNG PROCESS SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS John B. Stone Senior LNG Consultant Dawn L. Rymer Senior Engineering Specialist Eric D. Nelson Machinery and Processing Technology Supervisor Robert D. Denton Senior Process Consultant ExxonMobil Upstream Research Company Houston, Texas, USA ABSTRACT The history of the LNG industry has been dominated by the constant search for economies of scale culminating in the current Qatar megatrains undergoing final construction, missioning,startup and operations. While these large trains are appropriate for the large Qatar gas resources, future, smaller resource developments will necessitate different process selection strategies. The actual LNG process is only one of many factors affecting the optimal choice. The choice of equipment, especially cryogenic heat exchangers and refrigerant pressors, can overwhelm small differences in process efficiencies. ExxonMobil has been developing a dual mixed refrigerant (DMR) process that has the potential of offering the scalability and expandability required to meet the needs of new project developments, while also maximizing the number of equipment vendors to allow broader petition and keep costs under control. The process will also have the flexibility to acmodate a wide range of feed positions, rates, and product sales requirements. BACKGROUND The startup of the million tonnes per year (MTPA) trains in Qatar mark the most recent pinnacle in the search for economies of scale in the LNG industry. However, theapplication of these very large trains for general LNG applications is very limited. To produce this amount of LNG requires ~42 MSCMD (1500 MSCFD) of feed gas. What is often overlooked in the discussion of large LNG trains is that a resource of about 370 GCM (13 TCF) is needed to support the operation of one such train over a 25year life. This is nearly as large as the Arun field in Indonesia 425 GCM (15 TCF), which was the backbone of the LNG plant development in that region. For new LNG developments that are often built with a minimum of two identical trains, a truly worldclass resource class of 750 GCM (26 TCF) would be required. Even for resources capable of supporting such large trains, very large gas treating and preparation trains with a minimum of parallel 3 equipment are also needed to ensure that economies of scale are not lost in the nonLNG facilities. Given the limited supply of gas resources capable of supporting these large trains, future projects will need to find ways to maintain some cost advantages at smaller capacities. One way to do this is to improve the project execution by selecting a process that gives the maximum flexibility for utilizing pressors, heat exchangers, and drivers with multiple peting vendors. Another desirable feature is using refrigerant as a utility to allow for facilitated expansion if there is a possibility that several resources can be staged for expansion trains. PROCESS COMPARISON LNG