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本科畢業(yè)論文-基于80c51單片機(jī)的汽車行駛監(jiān)測儀設(shè)計(jì)(完整版)

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【正文】 in the 1900s. Colleges and universities established their rules mittees in 1905, the YMCA and the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) created a set of rules jointly, state militia groups abided by a shared set of rules, and there were two professional sets of rules. A Joint Rules Committee for colleges, the AAU, and the YMCA was created in 1915, and, under the name the National Basketball Committee (NBC) made rules for amateur play until 1979. In that year, the National Federation of State High School Associations began governing the sport at the high school level, and the NCAA Rules Committee assumed rulemaking responsibilities for junior colleges, colleges, and the Armed Forces, with a similar mittee holding jurisdiction over women39。s original players were Canadians, and the game spread to Canada immediately. It was played in France by 1893。s National Basketball Association (WNBA) playoffs. And it has also made American heroes out of its player and coach legends like Michael Jordan, Larry Bird, Earvin Magic Johnson, Sheryl Swoopes, and other great players. At the heart of the game is the playing space and the equipment. The space is a rectangular, indoor court. The principal pieces of equipment are the two elevated baskets, one at each end (in the long direction) of the court, and the basketball itself. The ball is spherical in shape and is inflated. Basketballs range in size from in (7276 cm) in circumference, and in weight from 1822 oz (510624 g). For players below the high school level, a smaller ball is used, but the ball in men39。 單片機(jī)改變了我們生活 ,縱觀我們現(xiàn)在生活的各個(gè)領(lǐng)域 ,從導(dǎo)彈的導(dǎo)航裝置 ,到飛機(jī)上各種儀表的控制 ,從 計(jì)算 機(jī)的 網(wǎng)絡(luò) 通訊與數(shù)據(jù)傳輸 ,到 工業(yè) 自動(dòng)化過程的實(shí)時(shí)控制和數(shù)據(jù)處理 ,以及我們生活中廣泛使用的各種智能 IC卡、 電子 寵物等 ,這些都離不開單片機(jī) , 單片機(jī)有著廣闊的應(yīng)用前景。 主程序流程圖如圖 31所示 圖 31 主程序流程圖 具體程序見附錄 2。 具體程序如下: OUT: MOV R3, 02H; 1ms脈沖控制 OUT1: SETB ET1; SETB TR1; LCALL DELAY; 延時(shí) 512us, 6(2) =3ms(1)ms DJNZ R3, OUT1; 總延時(shí)值不到轉(zhuǎn) OUT1 再循環(huán) MOV R3, 02H; 賦 1ms 脈寬定時(shí)值 OUT2: CLR TR1; CLR ET1; CLR ; 關(guān)紅發(fā)外線輸出 LCALL DELAY; DJNZ R3, OUT2 ; 總延時(shí) 1ms 不到轉(zhuǎn) OUT2 DJNZ R4, OUT; 脈沖未發(fā)完,轉(zhuǎn) OUT 再發(fā) LCALL DL10MS ; 脈沖發(fā)完延時(shí) 10ms(幀間隔 ) SETB ; 清發(fā)送指示 LJMP RET_KEY; 脈沖發(fā)送結(jié)束退出 13 ( 2)接收電路 如 圖 24所示, 后車輛的狀態(tài) 編碼 信息 , 通過 80C51 單片機(jī) 接口和 外部 中斷 0 引腳 輸入 ,而后由 紅外 后 接收頭接收 其信號(hào);前車的狀態(tài)編碼信息,由單片機(jī) 接口和外部中斷 1 引腳輸入,通過紅外前接收頭接收信號(hào)。 復(fù)位電路及時(shí)鐘電路 該 單片機(jī) 系統(tǒng)主要 由電源、復(fù)位電路和 內(nèi)部 時(shí)鐘電路組成 。 ③ RST/VPD:復(fù)位 /備用電源。在該檢測儀儀中,將語音報(bào)警內(nèi)容分為 64 段,在放音時(shí)可進(jìn)行自由組合。 為左轉(zhuǎn)彎輸入, 為右轉(zhuǎn)彎輸入, 為剎車。當(dāng)剎車(轉(zhuǎn)向)開關(guān)閉合時(shí),數(shù)據(jù)幀將被重復(fù)連續(xù)地發(fā)射,直到開關(guān)松開為止。當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)向開關(guān)或剎車開關(guān) 閉 合時(shí),其 、 、 三端口相應(yīng)的電平變?yōu)榱?。?dāng)然,都是個(gè)人愚見。與個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)相比,單片機(jī)很小,功能單一,但與之換來的是低 成本,低功耗。這是世界上第一臺(tái)微型計(jì)算機(jī)。 1971 年 intel 公司研制出世界上第一個(gè) 4位的微處理器; Intel 公司的霍夫研制成功世界上第一塊 4位微處理器芯片 Intel 4004,標(biāo)志著第一代微處理器問世,微處理器和微機(jī)時(shí)代從此開始。所以,可以 預(yù)測 汽車 行駛 監(jiān)測 儀 的 市場將興起 。 1 目 錄 緒論 3 第 1 章 了解單片機(jī) 4 單片機(jī)的前景 與發(fā)展 4 單片機(jī)簡述 與 分類 5 第 2 章 信息監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的組成及工作原 理 6 系統(tǒng)的組成 與工作原理 7 控制要求 9 第 3 章 信息監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 10 80C51 單片機(jī)的簡介 11 復(fù)位電路及時(shí)鐘電路 10 鍵盤 電路 11 發(fā)射電路和 接收電路 13 顯示電路 15 第 4 章 信息監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的軟件設(shè)計(jì) 16 初始化程序 16 主程序 16 中斷接收程序 16 信息碼發(fā)送程序 17 結(jié) 論 18 參考文獻(xiàn) 19 附錄 20 2 緒 論 本課題來源于生活實(shí)踐中,利用單片機(jī)在監(jiān)測儀中的應(yīng)用,主要用于車輛行駛狀態(tài)的檢測。在日常生活中,汽車超車及轉(zhuǎn)彎 ,特別是雨霧天氣 ,轉(zhuǎn)向及剎車指示燈能見度小 ,使駕駛員不能及時(shí)了解前后車的行車意向 時(shí) ,經(jīng)常容易出現(xiàn)交通意外。因發(fā)明微處理器,霍夫被英國《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家》雜志列為“二戰(zhàn)以來最有影響力的 7 位科學(xué)家”之一 。 1976 年 intel 公司研制出 MCS48系列 8位的單片機(jī),這也是單片機(jī)的問世。 在日常生活中,需要實(shí)現(xiàn)自動(dòng)控制,我們并不需要一個(gè)像個(gè)人計(jì)算機(jī)的功能的機(jī)器,因?yàn)槔速M(fèi),因?yàn)轶w積太大,功耗太高;此時(shí)單片機(jī)的低成本、低功耗和一定的功能即可滿足此類控制,并且可以批量定制的生產(chǎn),并投入使用。 單片機(jī)的分類其實(shí)就是不同芯片生產(chǎn)廠家之間的分類,其內(nèi)在的關(guān)系與區(qū)別這里就不論述,實(shí)力有限;對已單片機(jī)內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)也不進(jìn)行論述,相信那不是該文的重點(diǎn)。 6 為左轉(zhuǎn)彎輸入, 為右轉(zhuǎn)彎輸入, 為剎車。 數(shù)據(jù)幀的接收過程 當(dāng)紅外線接收器輸出數(shù)據(jù)幀脈沖時(shí) , 第一位碼的低電平將啟動(dòng)中斷程序,實(shí)時(shí)接收數(shù)據(jù)幀。 發(fā)射 本系統(tǒng)的發(fā)射裝置采用的是紅外發(fā)射器,用來發(fā)射汽車行駛過程中轉(zhuǎn)向或剎車時(shí)發(fā)出的信號(hào)。 第 3 章 信息監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的硬件設(shè)計(jì) 80C51 單片機(jī)的簡介 80C51 單片機(jī)屬于 Intel 公司 MCS51 系列單片機(jī), MCS51 系列單片機(jī)最初是 HMOS制造工藝,其芯片根據(jù)片內(nèi) ROM 結(jié)構(gòu)可分為 80C31(片內(nèi)無 ROM), 80C51(片內(nèi)有 4KB掩膜 BOM), 8751(片內(nèi)有 4KB EPORM) ,統(tǒng)稱 51 系 列單片機(jī)。 a 、 RST( Reset)功能:復(fù)位信號(hào)輸入端。 如 圖 22為 80C51 上電復(fù)位電路。 具體程序如下: INTEX1: PUSH ACC PUSH PSW CLR EX1; CLR EA; JNB , READ1; =0 時(shí)說明已接收到脈沖 顯示電路 如圖 25 所示,其他車輛的狀態(tài)通過接收電路,接收紅外的數(shù)據(jù)幀,并且對第一位碼的碼寬進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證。 15 中斷接收程序 外中斷 0接收前車信息碼,外中斷 1接收后車信息碼。 在實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的過程中,老師給予了指導(dǎo),并提供了很多與該研究相關(guān)的重要信息,培養(yǎng)了我們對科學(xué)研究的嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)態(tài)度和創(chuàng)新精神。s games measures in (7576 cm) in circumference, and a women39。 England in 1894。 and Japan in 1900. From 1891 through 1893, a soccer ball was used to play basketball. The first basketball was manufactured in 1894. It was 32 in (81 cm) in circumference, or about 4 in (10 cm) larger than a soccer ball. The dedicated basketball was made of laced leather and weighed less than 20 oz (567 g). The first molded ball that eliminated the need for laces was introduced in 1948。s bounce. Inside the covering or casing, a rubber bladder holds air. The ball must be inflated to a pressure sufficient to make it rebound to a height (measured to the top of the ball) of 4954 in ( m) when it is dropped on a solid wooden floor from a starting height of 6 ft ( m) measured from the bottom of the ball. The factory must test the balls, and the air pressure that makes the ball legal in keeping with the bounce test is stamped on the ball. During the intensity of high school and college tourneys and the professional playoffs, this inflated sphere mands considerable attention. Basketball is one of few sports with a known date of birth. On December 1, 1891, in Springfield, Massachusetts, James Naismith hung two halfbushel peach baskets at the opposite ends of a gymnasium and outlined 13 rules based on five principles to his students at the International Training School of the Young Men39。在此表示
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