【正文】 inish quick 21. Tom kept quiet about the accident _______ lose his job. A. so as not to B. so not as to C. so as to not D. not so as to 22. I felt it an honor _______ to speak here. A. to ask B. asking C. to be asked D. having asked 23. I’d like to buy an expensive camera. Well, we have several models _______ . A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choice 24. _______ to the left and you’ll see the post office. A. To turn B. Turning C. Turned D. Turn 10 25. Will you be able to attend the lecture next week? A. giving B. given C. to be given D. being given Answer 15 A C D C D 610 B A A B C 1115 A C C B D 1620 C C B A B 2125 A C A D C A. 動名詞 一．動名詞的基本形式 主動形式 被動形式 一般時 doing being done 完成時 having done having been done 可以充當(dāng)主語、表語、賓語和定語。如： kind, silly, good, unwise, clever, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, rude, impolite, bold, thoughtful, honest, bad, sensible, naughty 等。 含有動詞如 ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, warn, wish, permit, allow, forbid 等 +不定式做賓語補語或主語補語時： Don’t do anything unless your father tells you to. 除非你父親叫你去做，不然不要做任何事情。如： I really don’t know what to say and do. 我真的不知道該說什么，該干什么。 One’s world outlook cannot but e through in what one says and does. 一個人的世界觀必然在他的言行中表現(xiàn)出來。 注意：后兩句中的不定式與句子的主語或賓語之間是動賓關(guān)系，此時如果不定式動詞是不及物動詞，則需要帶上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。 如： he died, only leaving nothing but debts. 3).不定式作原因狀語，通常用來修飾表示情感、心理狀態(tài)、性格等的形容詞。 He said he was clever enough to deal with it by 。如： There is nothing to worry about. 沒什么可擔(dān)心的。 （ 3） 序數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級或被 only, last, next 等詞修飾的名詞可以用不定式作定語。如： More than 20 people were reported to have been killed in the ，有 20 多個人死于事故。如： I’ll get him to try it again. 我將讓他再試一次。 動詞 help后面接不定式作賓語或賓語補足語可以帶 to 也可以不帶 to。 It was very difficult _____ me to learn Spanish. A. of B. to C. with D. for D It is necessary _____ the papers immediately. A. for you to hand in B. that you hand out C. your hand in D. for your hand in A 動詞不定式的完成式 表示不定式的動作發(fā)生在句子謂語所表示的動作之前。has C).主語從句的虛擬語氣 It is important/necessary/strange+that+主 +(should) do. Eg. It is necessary that we (should) master a foreign language to find a good job. D).狀語從句的虛擬語氣 a).方式從句 與現(xiàn)在 /將來事實相反 謂語動詞 bewere/ 動詞 過去式 與過去事實相反 謂語動詞 過去完成式 。 Only if you study hard, you will pass the test. 只要你努力學(xué)習(xí) ,就會通過考試。 如 :1) If only you had worked with greater care! 你當(dāng)時干活時要是再認真些就好了 ! (but you didn39。要是……就好了 。這 種句子只保留一個 if(only)條 件從句，表達說話人的強烈愿望。 1 虛擬語氣 與事實相反，要用虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣表示說話人的愿望、假設(shè)、猜測或建議，而不表示客觀存在的事實。如： If(only)she were my sister！她是我的妹妹就好了！ e) 用 but 或 but for 引導(dǎo)含蓄條件句（ but 后跟從句， but for 后跟短語 : 假如沒有 , 要不是） 2 But for your help,our experiment wouldn’ t have been sosuccessful. 假如沒有你們的幫助，我們的實驗是不 會如此成功的。常用于虛擬語氣的謂語動詞形式。t work with greater care) 2) If only we had arrived in time, we would not have missed the train! 要是我們及時趕到 ,就不 會誤車了。 B).賓語從句的虛擬語氣 a).wish+賓語從句 與現(xiàn)在 /將來事實相反 謂語動詞 bewere/ 動詞 過去式 與過去事實相反 過去完成式 eg. I wish I were a bird flying freely in the sky. I wish you passed the entrance exam. I wish you hadn’t been absent yesterday. b).表示請求，命令，建議的動詞后 (一堅持 (insist),二命令 (order,mand),三建議 (suggest,propose,advise),四要求 (demand, require, request,ask) 謂語動詞 (should)+do 。 She felt upset and sad as if/as though the whole world had turned against her. b).讓步從句 與現(xiàn)在 /將來事實相反 謂語動詞 bewere/ 動詞 過去式 與過去事實相反 謂語動詞 過去完成式 ，我也不會原諒他。 Judging from his manners at the party, he doesn’ t seem _____ much education. A. to receive B. to be receiving C. to have received D. to have been received C The book is said _____ into several foreign languages up to now. A. to translate B. to have translate C. to have been translated D. to be translated C ，謂語動詞用單數(shù)． To master a foreign language is not an easy thing. 掌握一門外語不是一件容易的事。如： Who can help me (to) carry this heavy box? 誰能幫我拎這個重箱子？ 在 make, let, have 等使役動詞和 see, watch, notice, hear, feel 等感官動詞后的復(fù)合賓語中，動詞不定式不帶 to。 How could you leave him to have supper with a stranger? 你怎么讓他跟一個陌生人一起吃晚飯？ think, consider, believe, declare, suppose, find, imagine, know, understand, take, prove, feel 等動詞后面接的不定式短語作補語多由 ： to be+形容詞或名詞構(gòu)成； think, consider, find 后的 to be 常可省略。 6 I happened to be talking with him when he was hit by a car. 他被汽車撞的時候，我碰巧在和他談話。 He is always the first person to e and the last one to 。 There are many interesting books to choose from, but I don’t know which to borrow. 有很多有趣的書可以挑選，但我不知道該借哪一本。 Will you be so kind as to turn down the radio? 請你幫我把收音機調(diào)低一點好嗎？ He woke up only to find himself in hospital. 他醒來發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在醫(yī)院里。常見的形容詞有： happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever, frightened, shocked, sorry, eager, proud, 7 disappointed, foolish, impatient, unwise, naughty 等。 ： 在一些使役動詞和感官動詞后的不定式作賓語補語時，不定式符號 to常常省略，下面還有幾種情況請大家注意： （ 1） 動詞原形 e, go 等在口語中可接不帶 to 的不定式。 （ 4） 在介詞 but, except,besides 之前如有動詞 do 的任一形式，其后的動詞不定式不用 to。 Can you help me to call him and ask him to attend the meeting at 2:00 .? 你能不能幫我打電話給他，叫他下午兩點來開會？ 但如果兩個不定式有對比的意思，則不定式符號 to 不可被省去。 May I use your car? 我可以用你的汽車嗎？ No, I forbid you to. 不，我禁止你使用。 It’s kind of you to think so much of us. 難為你這么為我們著想。 二． 動名詞的基本用法： ：英語中有些及物動詞只能接 ing 形式的 賓語。由 the light is still on 可知燈亮著，即關(guān)燈的動作沒有發(fā)生，因此用 fet to do sth. 而 fet doing sth 表示燈已經(jīng)關(guān)上了，而自己忘記了這一事實。 5）除上述外，還有些固定詞組，如 can’ t help?，