【正文】 C 2U oU d 圖 15 電壓型單相半橋逆變電路 半橋逆變電路的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是簡單，使用器件少。當(dāng)電網(wǎng)斷電也 沒有太陽光照時(shí)，蓄電池等部件提供一定時(shí)間的能量供給，而在電網(wǎng)正常或有光照能量輸入時(shí)，可對(duì)蓄電池補(bǔ)充能量。 獨(dú)立型：沒有與電力公司的配電線并 網(wǎng)的系統(tǒng)成為獨(dú)立型系統(tǒng)。 3 盡管我國研制太陽能電池始于 1958 年，中國的光伏技術(shù)經(jīng)過了 50 年的努力，已經(jīng)具有一定的水平和基礎(chǔ)，但是與世界先進(jìn)國家相比仍有不小的差距。 充分開發(fā)利用包括太陽能在內(nèi)的可再生能源、實(shí)現(xiàn)能源工業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有重大的戰(zhàn)略意義。在電路中各太陽能電池組件串通過防止逆流元件相互并聯(lián)連接 [3]。 太陽光照在半導(dǎo)體 pn 結(jié)上，形成新的空 穴 電子對(duì)，在 pn 結(jié)電場的作用下，空穴由 n 區(qū)流向 p 區(qū)，電子由 p 區(qū)流向 n 區(qū)，接通電路后就形成電流。 關(guān)鍵詞：光伏系統(tǒng)，單相， DSP 控制 II DESIGN OF SINGLEPHASE GRIDTIED INVERTER FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM BASED ON DSP ABSTRACT Due to tight global energy and environmental pollution gradually growing, clean, renewable solar energy more and more people are seriously. Solar energy is the first time, but also renewable energy. It is rich in resources, can use free of charge, and without transportation, without any pollution to the environment. For mankind to create a new life, so that social and human energy into a era of reducing pollution. Is a ponent of photovoltaic panels in the sun exposure will generate direct current power generation devices, from virtually all semiconductor materials (eg silicon) are made of thin photovoltaic cells posed of solid. Because there is no part of activity, and would thus be a long time operation would not lead to any loss. Simple photovoltaic cells for watches and puters to provide energy, and more plex PV systems to provide lighting for the housing and power supply. we almost go deeply into the source inverter in PV systems， and the Voltage SinglePhase FullBridge Controlled Rectifier is the most important simple for us to research, as thus it will relate to MPPT and PWM controller technology. The bridge has pushpull inverter circuit to overe the shorting, power transistor circuits of the output pulse width adjustment； the output voltage of the RMS is changed. Because of this circuit has freewheeling loop, even to the perceptual load, the output voltage waveform nor distortion. This circuit faults is under the arm, bridge, no power transistor must therefore be adopted by isolating circuit or special driving power. These kinds of inverter circuit are needed to control circuit, general square wave and are weak wave two control mode, the output pulse inverter circuit is simple, low cost, low efficiency, harmonic ponents. Sine wave output is the development trend of the inverter, along with the development of III microelectronics technology, PWM function of micro processor is also available, so the sinusoidal output inverter technology has matured. KEYWARDS： PV systems, singlephase， DSP i 目錄 摘要（中文） ............................................................................................................................. I 摘要（外文） ............................................................................................................................ II 1 緒論 ......................................................................................................................................... 1 光伏電池的歷史及其工作原理 ................................................................................... 1 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的國外與國內(nèi)發(fā)展 ............................................................................... 2 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)形式 ....................................................................................................... 3 光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中逆變器的架構(gòu)及類型（單相） ....................................................... 4 電壓型單相半橋逆變電路 ................................................................................. 4 電壓型單相全橋逆變電路 ................................................................................. 5 電流型單相全橋逆變電路 ................................................................................. 5 主電路的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................................... 6 單相半 橋式電路的拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................. 6 單相推挽式逆變器拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................. 7 單相全橋逆變電路電路拓?fù)浣Y(jié)構(gòu) ..................................................................... 7 本課題的目的、任務(wù)及意義 ....................................................................................... 8 2 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的結(jié)構(gòu)和基本原理 ................................................................................. 9 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的組成 ........................................................................................... 9 光伏陣列 ............................................................................................................. 9 光伏并網(wǎng)逆變器 ................................................................................................. 9 控制策略的分析與實(shí)現(xiàn) ............................................................................................. 10 逆變器電流跟蹤控制方式 ............................................................................... 10 PWM 波形的生成方法 .................................................................................... 12 控制系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學(xué)模型 ....................................................................................... 13 數(shù)字 PI 調(diào)節(jié)器的設(shè)計(jì) ..................................................................................... 15 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤 (MPPT)控制策略 ........................................ 18 光伏陣列輸出特性 ........................................................................................... 18 最大功率點(diǎn)跟蹤 (MPPT)控制方法 .................................................................. 19 光伏并網(wǎng)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)中的孤島效應(yīng)的防止 ................................................................. 22 孤島效應(yīng)的含義及其危害 ............................................................................... 22 孤島效應(yīng)的檢測與防止 ................................................................................... 22 被動(dòng)式檢測方法 .